emarg : GIS-based Maintenance of Rural Roads under PMGSY for the state of Madhya Pradesh Vivek Chitale, R.R. Rane*, Geetanjali Mehta

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1 emarg : GIS-based Maintenance of Rural Roads under PMGSY for the state of Madhya Pradesh Vivek Chitale, R.R. Rane*, Geetanjali Mehta National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India Word Limit of the Paper should not be more than 3000 Words = 7/8 Pages) Abstract: emarg (electronic Maintenance of Rural Roads under PMGSY) is developed for M.P. Rural Road Development Authority (MPRRDA), P&RD, GoMP. Government of India (GoI) have launched a massive rural roads development scheme - Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna (PMGSY) in year 2000 with the objective of providing all-weather road to unconnected habitations having population of more than 250. Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Development Authority (MPRRDA) is the nodal agency in M.P. for implementation of PMGSY. emarg is a GIS-based Enterprise e-governance solution to aid and assist the Govt. officials, Civil Contractors, Banks and general public. Its end-to-end solution which provides restricted role-based access via internet. Currently it serves all the 51 districts of the M.P./ 95 Project Implementation Units (PIU) covering around 53,000 villages/ 23,000 Panchayats & all the roads from National Highways to village roads covered under Core-Network. Currently, e- MARG is being utilized for maintenance of around 65,000 Km of road. It may be noted that 77 % of state roads falls under Rural Road category. Around Rs 5 Billion payment has been made through emarg till now and running successfully. emarg has been appreciated at all levels & winner of State e- Governance Award. emarg is re-orientation from Discretion-based system to a uniform standardized transparent process oriented system. emarg is fusion of various technologies GIS, Cryptography, Open Source, Remote Sensing, 3 M(Mobile, Messaging & Mail). About the Author: Vivek Chitale Senior Technical Director & Head Geomatics Division Govt. of India, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Deity, NIC Bhopal 27 Years of experience in e-governance domain. Project Manager for various innovative projects. Recipient of International & National Awards in the field of Geospatial Technology. E mail ID: vc@nic.in Contact: Page 1 of 12

2 e-marg is well supported by a GIS-based Decision Support System which helps in decision making on Block/District-wise spread of maintenance roads, categorization of roads on the basis of readiness for maintenance, effective packaging based on proximity, monitoring & evaluation. MPRRDA officials make periodic inspection of the condition of the roads based on Geo-tagged photos which is also referred for making payment. Broad GIS features include various thematic maps, computation of distance / Area, Google/HRSI interface. It has been developed using Java Spring Framework, Java Script under ESRI ArcGIS Server on Windows environment. Its running on EAP JBOSS and can be accessed through internet using Google Chrome browser. Geo-database comprises of all Villages/ Habitations, all roads (NH to Rural Roads), Railway, Forest, Water Bodies etc. Web services using token are being utilized under SOA architecture. *DDG & SIO Page 2 of 12

3 Introduction Rural connectivity is a key component of sustainable rural development in India, and is a key ingredient in ensuring poverty reduction. Government of India launched a massive rural roads development program Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna (PMGSY) in year 2000 with the objective of providing all-weather road to unconnected habitations having population of 500+ in normal blocks & 250+ in tribal blocks. Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Development Authority (MPRRDA) is the nodal agency for implementation of PMGSY in Madhya Pradesh. In MP approximately Km road length has been sanctioned under this program, of which about Km road length has been completed. At the end of program, after providing rural connectivity to all eligible habitation the total road length of block top road under PMGSY would be roughly 74,000 km. At current value the NAV of road length constructed in the state is estimated at Rs Cr. Maintenance of all completed road is essential to preserve the huge asset created, currently roughly Rs crore is being spent on this activity which is likely to go up to Rs 1200 crore by and reach up to Rs 2500 crore by the year The USP of PMGSY roads is that after construction there is a five year performance guarantee, which lies with the contractor. During this period the contractor has to maintain the road and gets six monthly payments at predefined rates. The quality of maintenance works being done by the contractors and submission/payment of bills thereof has been sometimes under dispute and needed more transparency. With increase in road length network, it became a challenge for MPRRDA to monitor the status of maintenance of roads. Various issues were faced by MPRRDA from Contractors, citizens on multiple aspects. The stakeholders had no feedback mechanism on the on-site condition of the roads as well as the payment status. The information gap between the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), Contractors and the Nodal Agency needed to be bridged. The manual system gave rise to unnecessary litigations, between Contractors and PIUs. Thus, the system required improvement in the delivery of services and removal of unnecessary litigations. emarg is an e-governance solution to monitor maintenance of roads and assist the MPRRDA officials, Contractors, Banks. A facility has also been created to register citizens complaints. Department & other stakeholders are currently using emarg for monitoring of around 58,000 Km of road as an effective tool for asset and financial management. It s a fusion of new & emerging technologies like Cryptography (Digital Signature & SSL), GIS & Remote Sensing, Mobile, Open Web technology, SMTP & SMS technology. It is a first of its kind product in India. emarg is both Decision Support and Transaction Support System. The platform for development / deployment is: ArcGIS Server Open Web Technology (J2EE & Adobe Flex) Open Source Apache JBOSS Web server Enterprise Geo-database Secured Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA 2) SSL compliant Secured Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA 2) Signing tools Token services for consuming web services. High-end Rack mounted Servers support by SAN Page 3 of 12

4 Objective (s) of the Project To provide the citizens good quality rural road infrastructure and to provide an ICT tool for asset management of km road length. It gives a robust tool for planning, execution, monitoring, e payment and financial management, using geo spatial and other advance technologies. emarg is unique in its own way as it is a convergence of e governance using GIS, mobile messaging services and secure encryption. It has the following features: 1. Development of emarg for maintenance of rural roads. 2. Geospatial functionality based on spatial data of roads (NH to Village roads), railway, rivers, forest etc. 3. Online monthly bill generation, submission & tracking by the Contractors 4. Road Inspection based on Geo-tagged photographs 5. Inspection linked Payments to the Contractors through National Bank using Digital Signature. 6. Facilitate packaging of roads for maintenance 7. Query/ search/ reports 8. Notification/ alerts through SMS/ SMTP services. In view of above, MPRRDA wanted a robust system that would help it in its planning & monitoring of entire maintenance process. It may be noted that there is no e-governance case study/ architecture at present available for this sector. emarg is a first of its kind meeting the requirements of MPRRDA for maintenance of PMGSY roads. Role of GIS in Rural Road Management In Rural Road Management, a series of layers are required for showing administrative boundaries viz; state, District, Block boundaries, Habitations/Village locations, Forest areas, Water bodies, Railway Network, Quarry sites, Market Centres, Tourist locations and locations of various amenities (Education, Heath, Communication etc.) along with Road Network (NH, SH, MDR, Rural Roads). Remote Sensing input in the form HRSI offers ground reality view. Thus availability of spatial layers plays an vital role in planning, decision making of rural roads for connectivity & preparation of DPR s because it provides holistic view of neighboring features, and told for distance calculation, proximity analysis etc. Geo-tagged image as in Fig. 1 for conducting inspection gives status view of road. The governance process, which involves the use of geo-information (spatial) & communication technologies (Geo-ICTs), can be called G-Governance. The Geo-ICT encompasses synergy & convergence of technologies dealing several aspects of spatial data management including data acquisition, assimilation, analysis, information generation, decision support & information dissemination. Most of the economic, social & environmental processes are inherently spatial. Decision-makers have to sieve through a large amount of data. Perception of spatial information information in map format, with proper scales, legend, symbolization, colors etc. enhance the understanding of information interrelationships and thus contribute to more appropriate location-specific development strategy definition. Hence Geo-ICT becomes essential in such scenario & thus role of G-Governance becomes far more important when governance of citizen-centric socioeconomic development is taken into account. Identifying the emphasis and essence of spatial component in Road Sector National Informatics Centre (NIC) M.P. was entrusted to develop suitable enterprise web-based GIS solution maintenance of Rural Roads for entire state of M.P. Page 4 of 12

5 e-marg is well supported by a GIS-based Decision Support System which helps in decision making on Block/District-wise spread of maintenance roads, categorization of roads on the basis of readiness for maintenance, effective packaging based on proximity, monitoring & evaluation. Open-ended design offer these broad features are: GIS Functionility Study Area Thematic Maps (Sector-wise) Display of Road/ Habitation Profile Computation of distance / Area Query Shell Scale-based display of Labels Smartphone Mobile Interface Google/ HRSI Interface The study area consists of entire Madhya Pradesh, India consisting of all 51 Districts situated in the central parts of the country. Spatial Data Dictionary As per the requirements, State, Districts, Block, Habitation locations, Panchayat Locations, Railways, Road Network (NH, SH, MDR, Rural Roads), Major Forest, Major Water bodies were identified as main entities in the spatial data dictionary. These features represent the essential components of spatial database over which all secondary spatial as well as non-spatial information are superimposed for query/ analysis and generation of thematic maps. Spatial Database Creation State-of-the-art ESRI ArcGIS 10.3 has been used for creation of the required spatial database in digital form. The digitized map information is stored in the GIS database appropriately in the form of layers, each layer representing a unique entity in the spatial data dictionary. ESRI ArcGIS Server 10.3 provides a standard Java Application Development Framework (ADF) framework for developing & publishing GIS applications. Application Architecture : Service Oriented Architecture (SoA) is adopted for the development of emarg. Development Environment SS : Windows 2007 Server : Apache Tomcat IDE : Eclipse IDE 2.5.0release 0.2 ars for Java, SVN 1.10 Programming Interface : ArcGIS API 2.3, Java Spring Framework x.5.5, GIS Software : ArcGIS Server , Arc GIS Desktop1 Advance 10.3, Network Analyst Report : Jasper Report, ireport x.6 Page 5 of 12

6 tpemyolpede enemyelped SALIENT FEATURES Thematic Maps SS : Windows 2012 Application Server : JBoss EAP, ArcGIS Server Database Server : SQL Server 2008 Security Other Applications : Secure Socket Layer( SSL) : ArcGIS Desktop Advance , Web Adaptor for JAVA JDBC Driver 4.0 for SQL Server Thematic Map Description Demography Population distribution (as per Census 2001) Panchayat Locations of Panchayat Communications Spread of Communication (P&T) facilities Medical Facilities Spread of Medical Facilities Connectivity Road connectivity status of habitation/village Road Network Displays Road Network (NH, SH, AWR & FWR ) PMGSY Road Highlights Roads under PMGSY PMGSY Road Stages PMGSY Roads stages Pre 5 Maintenance Roads Highlights Roads under Pre-5 Maintenance Post 5 maintenance Roads Highlights Roads under Post-5 Maintenance All Maintenance Roads Highlights Roads Under Maintenance Thematic map (Fig. 2) are illustrated. Profile: Its selection provides a dropdown menu with following options refer : Habitation Profile Panchayat Profile Road Profile PMGSY Construction Profile PMGSY Maintenance Road Profile Public Grievance To view selected habitation s details To view selected Panchayat s details To view general details of selected road To view Construction details of selected PMGSY road To view Maintenance Profile of selected PMGSY road To view the redressal against any grievance Habitation Profile: 1. Map : It facilitates selection of the habitation from map. Find the habitation on the map and click on it. Its profile will be displayed under various tabs of Village Profile window as shown in Fig. 3 : Page 6 of 12

7 On Clicking Google Map Button the satellite image of the selected village may be seen as shown in Fig 4 : 2. List: Under this option block-wise village list is provided. User has to select the block first and then the desired village in that block. Selection of village will populate its details under various tabs and will position and highlight the selected village in the visible area (normally in the centre) of the screen. 2. Search: Under this option user has to provide first three letters of the desired village. Matching villages appear alongwith their district and block name. User has to select the desired village in that list. Selection of village will populate its details under various tabs and will position and highlight the selected village in the visible area (normally in the centre) of the screen. Other profiles can also be viewed in similar way in (PMGSY Road Profile Fig 5, Pre-5 Maintenance Profile Fig 6) Query Through this option user can built query and obtain the result in the form of map. To make a query select desired table from QUERY ON drop down box, specific field from listed list of fields and then value. Once query is framed, click on APPLY QUERY Button to view results as shown in Fig 7 : Tools Following tools are available under this option: Options Measure Print Navigation Magnify TOC Legend Description To Measure distance or area To print content visible on the screen To Navigate to specific location To Magnify desired area To display Table of Contents To display Legend of the map Measure>Distance: Use this tool to measure distance between any two points on a thematic map on the screen. Ariel distance can be measured through Tools > Measure > Measure Length > Line. Select Start Point and drag it to end point. Measured distance between two points will be displayed. To measure distance while traversing along a road, click Tools > Measure > Measure Length > Free Hand Line. refer Fig 8 Page 7 of 12

8 Measure>Measure Area: Circle Area can be measured in terms of circle, ellipse, polygon or free polygon. Refer Fig. 9 for Free Polygon. TOC (Table of Contents) Its selection opens TOC window against the thematic map available on the screen. It lists all the layers which are part of thematic map. User can check/un-check the layers to make them visible/not-visible on the screen. ref Fig CONCLUSION emarg is a Enterprise Geomatics-based decision support system for maintenance of rural roads developed by National Informatics Centre, M.P. State Centre, India for MPRRDA using ArcGIS server under Java ADF in a efficient & cost-effective manner. It has been extensively utilized by the field staff spread across the state for DPR preparation, resolving various issues in regard to change in alignment, connectivity, forest clearance, distance calculation, proximity analysis. 7.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors are thankful to Mrs Neeta Verma, Director General, National Informatics Centre, Department of Information Technology, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology Government of India for her constant support and encouragement. 8.0 REFERENCES Page 8 of 12

9 Figure 1: Geo-tag Inspection image Figure 2: Thematic Map (Medical Facilities) Figure 3: Selection of a Village using Map option Page 9 of 12

10 Figure 4 : Satellite view of Village Figure 5: PMGSY Profile of a Road Figure 6: Pre-5 Maintenance Profile of a Road Page 10 of 12

11 Figure 7: Query Builder Figure 8: Measuring distance between multiple points with free hand line Figure 9: Measuring area of a free polygon Page 11 of 12

12 Figure 10: TOC Page 12 of 12