BCH 400/600 Introductory Biochemistry

Transcription

1 BCH 400/600 Introductory Biochemistry Instructor: David Shintani Office: 311C Fleischmann Ag. Lab: 308 Fleischmann Ag. Phone: (775)

2 Before BCH 400 BCH 400 is heavy on content!!! After BCH 400

3 Come to class!!!!!!

4 Try not to fall behind!!

5 Review lecture notes. Read book chapters. Principles of Biochemistry 4 th Edition Principles of Biochemistry 3 rd Edition

6 Use tools to memorize Histidine?

7 Study in groups

8 Participate in the clicker system!!! 20 extra credit points!!

9 Feel Free My Or office me hours for are a Tuedays from 2:00 to private see audience to 3:00 me! PM

10 What is Biochemistry? Biochemistry = chemistry of life. Biochemists use physical and chemical principles to explain biology at the molecular level. Basic principles of biochemistry are common to all living organism

11 How does biochemistry Medicine impact you? Agriculture Industrial applications Environmental applications

12 Principle Areas of Biochemistry Structure and function of biological macromolecules Metabolism anabolic and catabolic processes. Molecular Genetics How life is replicated. Regulation of protein synthesis

13 Life Before Biochemistry

14 Once upon a time, a long long time ago.. Vitalism: idea that substances and processes associated with living organisms did not behave according to the known laws of physics and chemistry Evidence: 1) Only living things have a high degree of complexity 2) Only living things extract, transform and utilize energy from their environment 3) Only living things are capable of self assembly and self replication

15 Origins of Biochemistry: A challenge to Vitalism. Famous Dead Biochemist!

16 Fallacy #1: Biochemicals can only be produced by living organisms Dead Biochemist # Friedrich Wohler

17 Fallacy #2: Complex bioconversion of chemical substances require living matter Dead Biochemists # Eduard Buchner Glucose + Dead Yeast = Alcohol

18 Fallacy #2: Complex bioconversion of chemical substances require living matter Dead Biochemists #3 Emil Fischer

19 Fallacy #2: Complex bioconversion of chemical substances require living matter Dead Biochemists # J.B. Sumner

20 Findings of other famous dead biochemist 1944 Avery, MacLeod and McCarty identified DNA as information molecules 1953 Watson (still alive) and Crick proposed the structure of DNA 1958 Crick proposed the central dogma of biology

21 Organization of Life elements simple organic compounds (monomers) macromolecules (polymers) supramolecular structures organelles cells tissues organisms

22 Range of the sizes of objects studies by Biochemist and Biologist 1 angstrom = 0.1 nm

23 Elements of Life Most abundant, essential for all organisms: C, N, O, P, S, H Less abundant, essential for all organisms : Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cl Trace levels, essential for all organism: Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn Trace levels, essential for some organisms: V, Cr, Mo, B, Al, Ga, Sn, Si, As, Se, I,

24 Important compounds, functional groups

25 Many Important Biomolecules are Polymers lipids proteins carbo nucleic acids monomer fatty acid amino acid glucose nucleotide polymer phospholipid protein subunit cellulose DNA supramolecular structure membrane protein complex cell wall chromosome

26 Lipids monomer fatty acid polymer supramolecular structure phospholipid membrane

27 Proteins monomer amino acid polymer protein subunit supramolecular structure Enzyme complex

28 Carbohydrates monomer glucose polymer supramolecular structure cellulose cell wall

29 Nucleic Acids monomer nucleotide polymer supramolecular structure DNA chromatin

30 Common theme: Monomers form polymers through condensations Polymers are broken down through hydrolysis.

31

32 Prokaryote Cell

33 Cellular Organization of an E. coli Cell mg protein / ml cytoplasm

34 Eukaryote Cell

35

36

37

38