Nuclear Physics New Projects at IMP

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1 ANPhA Symposium Nuclear Physics New Projects at IMP Institute of Modern Physics Guoqing Xiao , 28, Taipei

2 Cancer Therapy Outline 1.Brief introduction of IMP 2.Recent Results of Nuclear Physics 3.New Projects

3 Campus A bird view of IMP IMP was established in 1957 in Lanzhou, affiliated with Chinese Academy of Sciences

4 Board of directors Organization 744 permanent staffs staffs for ADS; 240 students Basic Research Division Accelerator Division ADS project Project Division Administration Division Exp. Phys. Center Rad. Material Center Rad. Bio-Phys. Lab Medical Phys. Lab Rad. Medical Lab Space Rad-bio. Lab Rad. Pharm. Lab Nucl. Instr. Center Nucl. Theory Dept. Edition Office Accel. Physics RF Lab Vacuum Lab Ion Source Lab Magnet Lab Power Supply Lab Rad. Safety Lab IT/Electronics lab E-Accel. Center Tech. Support Lab LINAC Center Spall. Target Lab Reactor Lab Nucl. Data Center Rio. Chemistry Lab Project Office Office Sci. and Tech. Dept. Finance Dept. Personal Res. Dept. Inter. Coop. Dept. Supervision Dept. Security Dept. Retired Service Dept. HI Therapy Dept. Marketing Dept.

5 IMP is located in Lanzhou. Lanzhou city is the capital of Gansu province in the northwest of China with a population of 3 million on the ancient Silk Road.

6 HIRFL-CSR Complex in Lanzhou SSC(K=450) 100 AMeV (H.I.), 110 MeV (p) SFC (K=69) 10 AMeV (H.I.), 17~35 MeV (p) CSRe RIBLL1 RIBs at tens of AMeV RIBLL2 RIBs at hundreds of AMeV CSRm 1000 AMeV (H.I.), 2.8 GeV (p) Stable nuclei and secondary beams are available at HIRFL

Facility: 320kV HV Platform A 320kV Highly-charged Heavy Ions Platform Providing high intensity low-energy heavy ion beams Five experimental terminals In

7 Facility: 320kV HV Platform A 320kV Highly-charged Heavy Ions Platform Providing high intensity low-energy heavy ion beams Five experimental terminals In average, about 5000 hours beam time is provided each year for researches in atomic physics, plasma physics, material irradiation, and nuclear astro-physics

8 Scientific Activities Fundamental researches on nuclear & atomic physics Reactions with exotic nuclei: elastic scattering, total cross section, Nuclear spectroscopy: mass measurement, γ spectroscopy, β delayed neutron(proton) emission, Nuclear matter: properties of asymmetric nuclear matter Chemistry of super heavy elements, and synthesis of new isotopes Key reactions in stellar evolution Spallation & nuclear data for ADS project High energy density physics Hadronic physics HCI interaction with laser, electron, molecule, and surface Applications with heavy ions Material: nano tech., nuclear energy structural material, Radio biology: tumor therapy, mutation breeding, Detector development Si detectors: Si(Au), Si(Li), Si strip Scintillator detectors: CsI, LaBr, plastic sci., liquid sci. Gaseous detectors: IC, TPC, PPAC, MWPC, MWDC, MicroMeGAS, GEM, Highest Priorities Mass measurement key technique R&D related to ADS and HIAF Tumor therapy & mutation breeding Key technique development related to HI Accelerator and ADS

9 Cancer Therapy Experimental Nuclear Physics

10 Exploring the limits of nuclear stability Nuclear structure and nuclear astro-physics Nuclear Physics Precise mass measurements for short-lived nuclei Synthesis of new isotopes near the proton-drip line Structure and reaction mechanism with exotic beams Properties of asym. nuclear matter at high density Decay and chemical properties of super-heavy nuclei Evolution of collective motion in complex nuclei Explosive nuclear astro-physical phenomena

11 Main Setups Nuclear structure, Reaction mechanism, and Nuclear Astro-physics RIBLL1 Neutron Wallv CSRe Neutron Ball Schottky Detector TOF Detector External Target Facility Gas Filled Separator Si strip array

12 New Isotopes synthesized at IMP Synthesis of New Isotopes 259 Db, 265 Bh Z 121 Ce, 125 Nd, 128 Pm, 129 Pm, 129 Sm, 135 Gd, 137 Gd, 139 Tb, 139 Dy, 142 Ho, 149 Yb 235 Am 175 Er, 185 Hf, 186 Hf, 192 Os, 208 Hg, 209 Hg, 237 Th, 238 Th, 239 Pa N

13 Importance of Atomic Masses and Precision from H.-J.Kluge Eur. J. Mass spectrom. 16 (2010)269 Fundunmental Physics Fundamental constants CPT, EDM, QED δm/m Physics & Chemistry Basic information requied δm/m Nuclear Physics Mass formula, models, drip lines δm/m Atomic Physics Binding energy in highly charged ions δm/m < M(Z,N)< m i Weak interaction Symmery tests CVC hypothesis δm/m < Astro- Physics δm/m Nuclear synthesis abundance

Mass Measurement Facilities Worldwide Very high precision up to 10-11 but limited

14 Mass Measurement Facilities Worldwide Very high precision up to but limited by T 1/2, and yield Low production yield, Short-lived, & Drip-line region nuclides.

15 HIRFL CSR γ t =1.395 Timing Detector 10 mm 9 BeTarget Detector

16 58 Ni beam: Revolution Time Spectrum Sum of 760 sub-spectra, each of which includes 100 spills 34 Ar, 51 Co: same m/q

17 Time vs Amplitude Analysis for: 51 Co & 34 Ar Tz = 1/2 Tz=-1 Tz=-3/2 ME( 34 Ar)= (15) kev ME( 34 Ar)= (4) kev ME( 51 Co)= (48) kev

Mass measurement results at CSRe-Lanzhou 1. B. Mei et al., NIMA A 624, 109 (2010) 2. X.L. Tu etal., PRL 106, 112501 (2011) 3. X.L. Tu et al., NIMA A 654, 213 (2011) 4.

18 Mass measurement results at CSRe-Lanzhou 1. B. Mei et al., NIMA A 624, 109 (2010) 2. X.L. Tu etal., PRL 106, (2011) 3. X.L. Tu et al., NIMA A 654, 213 (2011) 4. Y.H. Zhang et al., PRL 109, (2012) 5. X.L. Yan et al. Astrophys. J. Lett. 766 (2013) L8 53 Ni, 65 As, 45 Cr Measured for the first time: 16 Precision improved 27

19 ), ( ), ( ), (,), ( ),, ( T A T d T A T c A T T b A T a T A T M = d coeficients increase gradually up to A=53 for which d is 3.5σ deviated from zero. Test the IMME in fp shell nuclei Y.H. Zhang et al., PRL 109, (2012)

20 Impact on the rp-process of x-ray bursts X.L. Tu etal., PRL 106, (2011) Effective half-life of 64 Ge Light curve of Type I x-ray burst 2σ Abundance of burst ashes 1σ S p ( 65 As) = 90 (85) kev 89% 90% of the reaction flow passes through 64Ge via proton capture indicating that: 64 Ge is not a significant rp-process waiting point.

21 Inpact of the 45 Cr mass on the Sc-Ca cycle The predicted Ca-Sc cycle in rp process may not exist. AME03 up limit >>> S p +3σ X. L. Yan et al ApJ 766 L8 AME03 low limit >>> S p 3σ

22 AME2012+NUBASE2012 AME2012+NUBASE2012 published in the December issue of Chinese Physics C masses, including 2438 experimental masses for ground state

23 Responsibility of AME transferred to IMP in January, 2013 Memorandum signed in October, 2008

24 2B04 Q2 Q1 D0 Q02 T0 Q01 D1 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 C1 D2 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12Q13 Q14 RNB Physics RIBLL1: 1st Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou Built in the end 1990s T1 Total reaction crosssection Momentum distribution Elastic scattering β-delayed neutron emission p-p correlation function Resonance states D3 D4 Q15 Q16 T2 Clover detector array m C2 RIBLL-1 Collaboration: IMP, PKU, CIAE and SINAP (Prof. Ye and Wang) Will be presented by Dr. Zhang

typical reactions Detection Chamber Reaction Chamber

25 SHN Study Gas Filled Recoil Separator and Synthesis of Isotope 271 Ds Tested by α source Tested by target recoils Tested with typical reactions Detection Chamber Reaction Chamber Differential Pumping System 64 Ni+ 208 Pb 272 Ds * Will be presented by Dr. Zhou

differential flow Hard photons Properties of Nuclear Matter,

26 External Target Setup 2 ρn - ρp 4 E(ρn,ρp ) = E0 (ρn = ρp ) + Esym (ρ) +ο ( δ ) ρ Observables: n/p and π+/π ratios Nucleon differential flow Hard photons Properties of Nuclear Matter, and Structure of Exotic Nuclei Will be presented by Dr. Zhang

27 Nuclear Spectroscopy S 161 Er 188 Pt Phase transition 189 Pt j 2 Ω 1 Signature inversion High-spin or decay level schemes established or revised for about 80 nuclei Will be presented by Dr. Zhou

28 Cancer Therapy China ADS Project

29 Roadmap Phase I ( ) Phase II ( X) Phase III (201X 2022) Phase IV ( ) Injector 1 Injector 2 10 MeV 5~10 MW t 100 MW t 1 GW t 2013 ~5 MeV ~50 MeV 201X ~250 MeV ~ ~1 GeV ~ ~1.5 GeV key tech. R&D Acc. & target & reactor prototype Research Facility Exp. Facility Demo Facility

30 Budget For Phase I and II Approved 1.78 Billion RMB ( ) Related Research 0.133B Accelerator R&D 0.635B Spallation Target R&D 0.150B Reactor R&D 0.550B Support system 0.312B Planned 1.8 Billion RMB ( ?)

ADS Progress Physical design of Accelerator fixed;

under test New type solid target under design

international review committee prototype components

31 ADS Progress Physical design of Accelerator fixed; Physical designs of spallation target and reactor under optimization. Spallation Target Two physical designs of LBE targets under test New type solid target under design Accelerator Two physical designs approved by international review committee prototype components fabrication & test Reactor Physical designs of LBE reactor passed the primary assess New type reactor under design

32 Cancer Therapy High Intensity Accelerator Facility (HIAF)

33 Budget planned: ~2.0 B RMB (2013~2019) Future Facility: HIAF Matter States Application MCRelectron 3-4GeV electron EIC Merging MCR-ion 12.5GeV proton E booster ABR-45 Accumulation Acceleration 1.2 GeV/u ( 238 U 34+ ) (1-5.0) RIBs Line SHER Spectroscopy Collector Atomic physics Mass measurement Super Heavy Element 25 MeV/u (U 34+ ) LIS SC-LINAC ECR

34 Future Facility: HIAF Radioactive nuclear beams, high power pulsed heavy ion beams, polarized proton and electron beams, high intensity low-energy heavy ion beams Fixed target, e-a collision, A-A merging experiments Main scientific motivations of HIAF To understand the effective strong interaction binding atomic nuclide Limits of nuclear existence, drip-line and super-heavy nuclei, etc New forms of nuclear matter, neutron halo and cluster, etc Quantum levels far from stability, shell closure and evolution, etc New modes of collective motion, exotic shapes, GDR and GMR, etc Dynamical symmetries in nuclei, spin and Isospin symmetries, etc To simulate the creation of the trans-iron elements in universe To produce HED matter and study the properties of HED matter To pin down intrinsic structure of nucleon by electron-ion collision To promote heavy ions applications in space and material sciences

35 New Project Site: ADS and HIAF

36 Thank you for your attention! Welcome to Lanzhou! IMP has proposed to host INPC2016!

IMP's activities in COSY programs and the extension to HPLUS

2nd WHAT @ Beijing, July 2010 IMP's activities in COSY programs and the extension to HPLUS Xiaohua Yuan Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) - CAS, Lanzhou 73000 & Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum