Progress of HIRFL-CSR (Institute of Modern Physics, CAS)

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1 Progress of HIRFL-CSR (Institute of Modern Physics, CAS) Introduction CSR Progress Experiment at CSR

2 9.4 Tm 500AMev U AMev 10AMev 12.1 Tm 1100AMev 12 C 500AMev U 72+ HIRFL Layout ECR Ion Source SFC K=69(72)--10AMev SSC K= AMev CSRm Quasi-synchrotron CSRe: Accel. & Deccel. And High Sensitive ( measure 1 atom of 238 U) & Accuracy (~10-6 ) Spectrometer

3 Structure of Matter Gravitation force general relaticivity Electromagnetic force QED Electroweak force Strong force QCD Weak force Standardmodell Atom nucleus m Crystal 10-9 m Nucleon m Matter 10-1 m Galaxy m Atom m DNA 10-8 m Electron Quark Research with ion beam: Material research Health research Dense plasma Atomic process Nucleus structure Hadron structure Hgh temperature high density nuclear matter <10-18 m

4 LECR3 RF : 14.5, 18 GHz, W Extract: φ8mm, 20-25kV Slit: mm Faraday-cup: -150 V Ar eμa, Ar eμa Ar 8+ 1mA, Ar eμa at 18GHz 129 Xe eμa, Xe eμa, Xe eμa Ni eμa, Ni eμa, Ni eμa Fe eμa, Fe eμa, Fe eμa, Fe eμa

5 SFC & SSC K SSC = 450 ~10 11 pps(kr Xe) ~10 10 pps(>xe) K SFC = 70 (Z<30,E~5MeV/A) I:~ pps (C Ne) > pps(mg Ar) > pps(ca *Zn,*Ge,*Kr)

6 Rebuncher between SFC and SSC

Unique Features of SECRAL Axial solenoid coils are located inside of Sextupole Decrease interaction force The Ion source more compact Reduce the stored energy Reduce stray field Cold iron structure

7 Unique Features of SECRAL Axial solenoid coils are located inside of Sextupole Decrease interaction force The Ion source more compact Reduce the stored energy Reduce stray field Cold iron structure as field booster and clamp 64 Ni µA 86 Kr µA 132 Xe µA Sextupole with curved saddle-shaped coils More convenient for clamp of the coils Three solenoid coils are energized by same direction current

8 Main Physics Goals at CSR Radioactive Ion Beam Physics Nuclear Reactions in Energy <1.1 GeV/u HI & <2.8GeV Proton High Charge State of Atomic Physics High Energy Density (high T & D Plasma) Applications o Astrophysics (Key Point) o *Irradiative Biology (Cancer Therapy)

9 CSR Main Performances Ion Species Energy (MeV/u) (B max = T) P/P δp/p (entrance) Emmitance CSRm P,C-U (P) ( 12 C 6+ ) ( 238 U 72+ ) <10-4 ±0.15% 5 π mm-mrad CSRe P,C-U, RIB,HCI, Molecular & Cluster 2000(P) ( 12 C 6+ ) ( 238 U >90+ ) <10-5 ±0.25~0.5% 1 π mm-mrad

10 Time Schedule & Budget Time Schedule: Building Construction Key Samples Fabrication Assembling, Testing CSRm Install &Commission CSRe Install &Commission Budget: Million Yuan + 50 Million Yuan

11 Sub-System Magnet Progress (Money pay) 90% CSR Progress Progress (Contracts) 99% Status Good Power Supplier 89% 98% Good UHV 90% 99% Good, Uncertainly E-Cooler 99% 100% Better RF 86% 99% Good Inject & Extract 72% 85% Weak, Speed Up Diagnostic 88% 96% Good Control 86% 96% Good Alignment 99% 100% Good Internal Target 99% 100% Good

12 1, Magnet BL/B 0 L B0= T measured B0= T calculated x/mm

2, Power Supplier Parameter Test result Long-term stability 2570A 9.8 10-6 2000A 3.5 10-5 Current ripple 570A 100HZ 1.

13 2, Power Supplier Parameter Test result Long-term stability 2570A A Current ripple 570A 100HZ HZ HZ HZ Total Net Power: >12MW Repetition Cycle-to-cycle repetition

14 3,Vaccum (~300m 2 )

section after assembling after alliments

-2x10-3 -3x10-3 -2x10-3 200 300 400 500 s

15 4, Electron Cooler at CSRm 2x10-3 Horizontal angle magnet field at cooling section after assembling after alliments of coils 3x10-3 2x10-3 Vertical angle at cooling section after assembling after alliments of coils 1x10-3 1x10-3 angle (rad) 0 angle (rad) 0-1x x x x x s (cm) s (cm)

5, RF System Harmonic f min /f max (MHz) CSRm Accel. RF Stack 1 16,32,64 0.

16 5, RF System Harmonic f min /f max (MHz) CSRm Accel. RF Stack 1 16,32, / /14.0 CSRe Accel. & Capture 1 0.5/2.0 HV rf (n kv)

17 CSRm Alignment Accuracy: 0.1~0.3 mm

18 CSR Inject Line

19 CSRm Installation CSRm Extract CSRm Inject

20 CSRe Key Setup 300 KV E_Cooler Gas Jet Target Dipole (~34T) N /cm 2 Ne ~ /cm 2 Ar /cm 2

12 RIBLL-II is Installed before Oct. 2004 and Beam Commission: 2004.12~2005.

21 Commission Inject Beam from SSC-CSR was Installed and Beam commission to entry of CSRm CSRm has Installed about end of Feb and Beam Commission: ~ RIBLL-II is Installed before Oct and Beam Commission: ~ CSRe is Installed before end of 2004 and Beam Commission: ~ First test experiment 2005 ~

22 Experiment at CSR SSC Building 2# SFC: several to 10 AMeV SSC: tens to 100 AMeV External Target North SFC CSRe CSRe Internal Target Building 6# CSRm High Energy Density Cancel Therapy CSRm Internal Target CSRm: 1.1 AGeV( 12 C 6+ ), 2.8 GeV(p) CSRe: 0.76 AGeV ( 12 C 6+ )

23 Detectors at CSR CSRe Detector (high accuracy HI, RIB, Atom ) e, x, γ, HI,Laser Internal target (Cluster Jet), RIB Detector Charged Particles, neutron, γ External Target, CSRm Detector Mini-4π detector (wasa) Internal (pellet, polarization) or solid foil target, High Energy Density Matter Irradiate Experiment (Cancer Therapy)

24 HIRFL-CSR Operation Feature Multi-Exp.(>90%HIRFL+<0.1%CSRm <0.01%CSRe) Energy range (5MeV/u~1100MeV/u) Many beam species (Ion RIB HCI) Multi-field(nuclear atom,irradiation biology) Operation modes: CSRm + external target CSRm+RIBLL-II + external target CSRm+CSRe + internal target (high accuracy) CSRm+RIBLL-II+CSRe + internal target (high accuracy) CSRm+CSRe+E_Cooler + laser (high accuracy)

25 Experiment in CSRe Reaction measurement Internal solid target + (300keV) e-cooler (E<547MeV/u, A<40 balance?) γ measured by Campton telescope Particle, neutron, measured in downstream Nuclear Shape measurement RFQ internal target (RIB possible)? Measurement >800 MeV Proton scattering as Fraunhofer diffraction Charged particle Radius measured by using laser spectroscopy

26 CSRe Detector

27 RIB Detector (External Target) Neutron wall ToF wall γ detectors Tracking detectors Large acceptance dipole Start detector

Neutron Wall (δe/e~ 5% for 1 GeV neutrons) δ T n T + 2 / n = γ ( γ + 1)[( δl / l) ( δt / t ) 2 ] 1 / 2 1440 Efficiency Curve Neutron

28 Neutron Wall (δe/e~ 5% for 1 GeV neutrons) δ T n T + 2 / n = γ ( γ + 1)[( δl / l) ( δt / t ) 2 ] 1 / Efficiency Curve Neutron 1440 Peddle PMT lightguide Scintillator: 10 mm for each layer Iron 4 mm for each layer 1120 PMT Width: 80 Thickness: 70 Length:

29 Preliminary physics program at CSRm Rare decay modes of mesons Such as η, ω, η, K +,K,φ, ρ Studies on N* Such as N*(1440), N*(1535), N*(1650) Search for multi-quark states Such as double ω,d*( ) pn or ppπ di-baryon states p+d Λ+(Θ + =K o +p) or Λ+(Θ + =K + +n) pentaquark polarization (close to threshold)

30 CSRm Internal Experiment Setup Pellet Target Forward detector (4 ~18 ) Central detector (20 ~160 ) C Solid foil Target L~ 6*10 10 *10 17 *1.8*

Pellet Target (p, d) Most Advanced internal target Pellet frequency (max): 70 khz Pellet diameter: <40 µm Effective target thickness: 10 15 ~ 10 16 atoms/cm 2 Proton beam life

31 Pellet Target (p, d) Most Advanced internal target Pellet frequency (max): 70 khz Pellet diameter: <40 µm Effective target thickness: ~ atoms/cm 2 Proton beam life time (@ atoms/cm 2 ): at 550/1360 MeV 5/10 min Luminosity (@ atoms/cm 2, p stored): cm 2 s 1 Employed by CELSIUS TLS Lab., Uppusala, Sweden

32 T1 HIRFL Future Development Cancer Therapy RIB Production by 20 m TR3 50MeV e(+c γ)+ 238 U PT Linac: 10 Mev/u e-linac ISOL-PT IS cluster RFQ internal target LIS + HV +Booster Feature: RIB+RIB Wide T1/2 range high beam quality favor beam intensity PDC SFC TL1 RFQ-Linac TL2 RIBLL1 Cancer Therapy Setup SSC TR1 TR3 TR4 TR5 TR2

33 Thank You!

34 Detectors: Forward Detector (4 ~ 18 ) Tracking detector: totally 1600 fibers (φ2 400), angular resolution: 0.2 deg. Timing & trigger detector: 2 layers of BC408 sheets &10 sheets/layer, sheet size: , σ t ~300 ps Hadron calorimeter: sampling type. (1mm Fe + 4 mm BC408) 70; 8 layers & 25 paddles/layer. Paddle size: 50 (T) 40 (W) 1000 (L), δe/e~7% (E=370 MeV protons) Cherenkov detector: threshold type, for detecting high energy charged particles Particle identification methods: Lower energy charged particles E-E (E proton < 370 MeV) Higher energy charged particles Cherenkov light

35 Detectors: Central Detector (20 ~ 160 ) Tracking detector TPC: inner φ 82 mm, outer φ 406 mm, length of 400 mm, σ x,y < 1.0 mm, δe/e~6% Scintillator barrel: φ460; 146 plastic scintillator bars with size of , σ t <500 ps Electromagnetic calorimeter ~1200 CsI(Tl) crystals, length of 20~30 cm, each crystal covers the angles of both θ and φ around 7, δe/e< 3% (1 GeV photons). Superconducting Solenoid inner diameter ~1300 mm; axial magnetic field at the center 1.37 T. Particle identification methods: Charged particles de/dxvsbρ up to p~ MeV/c π 0 and Photon EMC

36 Identification Z by RIS? 1st and 2nd Ionization Potential

37 Possible Excitation & Ionization RIS Energy Lifetime? Energy Lifetime?

38 Key Point of Identify Z by RIS Strong Laser with /p for excitation cross section about /cm 2 Maintain SHE in a small location RFQ Precise excitation level Half-lives of excitation state 1st or/both 2nd ionization Laser photo energy > 6eV? QED Calc.

39 Pulsed Ti:Sa Laser System (Tunnable pulse width >50ps & >10ps between each pulse) Fs Laser oscillation 30fs/400mW/800nm Expend 50~500ps/1nJ Amplifier 30Hz,2mJ pump, 100mJ/532nm 30Hz, Verdi 或 Millennia pump 1500mJ/532nm 10Hz, Ti : Sa 400mJ/800nm, 30Hz pump,1500mj/532nm 10Hz, Freq. Double BBO nm(400mJ) ~20mJ/200nm Delay II 分光 2dn Freq Double BBO nm(200mJ) ~100mJ/400nm 分光 ~40mJ/200nm 分光 Parameter Amplifier (~10mJ) 200nm 230~450nm ~140mJ/200nm Delay I Parameter Amplifier (~20mJ) 200nm 230~450nm

40 Pulsed Laser Assemble

+HV xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx -HV 停主束 C2 Main Parameters

41 RIBLL Upgrade for SHE D1 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 2B04 Q2 Q1 D0 Q02 T0 Q01 C1 D2 T1 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 D3 Q11 Q12Q13 Q14 D4 Q15 Q16 T m +HV xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx -HV 停主束 C2 Main Parameters RIBLL SHIP Ω >7msr ~1.7msr P/P ~10% ~10% Bρmax ~4.2Tm ~1.2Tm A/ A ~300 ~300

42 6, Inject & Extract 4 Sets 4 Sets 4 Sets

43 7, Control:(> 96% Digit) (Home Make >75%) Web + Internet + DB CPCI(PXI), Fast Ethernet, RS485, Multifunction, Arbitrary wave generator (Processor Embed)

44 8, Diagnostic Horizantal/vertical Slits Double Single Wire Faraday-Cup 45 Viewing Screen

IMP's activities in COSY programs and the extension to HPLUS

2nd WHAT @ Beijing, July 2010 IMP's activities in COSY programs and the extension to HPLUS Xiaohua Yuan Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) - CAS, Lanzhou 73000 & Institut für Kernphysik, Forschungszentrum