CONTRIBUTION TO ATMOSPHERIC ECVs

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1 CONTRIBUTION TO ATMOSPHERIC ECVs Piera Raspollini, Ugo Cortesi Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", IFAC-CNR, Firenze Luca Palchetti Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, INO-CNR, Firenze Bianca Maria Dinelli Istituto di Scienze dell'atmosfera e del Clima, ISAC-CNR, Bologna Marco Ridolfi Università di Bologna, Dip. Fisica e Astronomia, Bologna

2 OTHER RETRIEVAL CODES: MARC (for PREMIER) : has become the inverse model of the analysis of sub-mm limb sounding measurements, retrieving also minor constituents such as N2O and CO (ESA-ESTEC contract 16530/02/NL/MM ). Applied to the analysis of airborne data for the retrieval of O 3, HNO 3, H 2 O, N 2 O, CO and temperature profiles (ESA-ESTEC contracts /NL/10/CT and extension). KLIMA-IASI algorithm for inverse data processing of IASI nadir sounding measurements aimed at the retrieval of carbon dioxide (ESA-ESRIN contract 21612/08/I-OL). Heritage MIPAS on ENVISAT. Within the MIPAS Quality Working Group, IFAC is leading the L2 teams for monitoring and improving the quality of MIPAS L2 products. Prime Contractor of the international consortium that developed the scientific processor ORM used as reference for the operational processor of MIPAS on ENVISAT satellite, performing the Near Real Time analysis during the lifetime of ENVISAT and then used for several reprocessing of the full mission. GMTR algorithm to obtain 2-D (latitude altitude) distributions of greenhouse gases from MIPAS/ENVISAT measurements (ESA contract 16700/02/I-LG ) MIPAS ESA V6 and MIPAS-2D database for the whole MIPAS mission ( ) have been part of the round robin exercise of the O3 CCI and of the WAVAS SPARC initiative. Work in progress to develop MIPAS V8 dataset ( ) Total Column of Water Vapor (TCWV) from the measurements of the instruments of the ATSR series (ATSR-1 on board ERS-1, ATSR-2 on board ERS-2, AATSR on board ENVISAT) over sea with the code AIRWAVE (ESA contract /13/I-NB). The algorithm is ready to be applied also to the SLSTR- Sentinel 3 measurements. TCWV from (A)ATSR measurements (homogeneous spanning from 1995 to 2012) The database is part of GWEWX-GVAP Preparation for Sentinel 4-5 Member of the ESA MAG of Sentinel-4 and Sentinel-5. Scientific coordination of an H2020 project funded by the Call Space, EO : Stimulating wider research use of Copernicus Sentinel Data. Longwave radiation (LWR) measurements of spectral contribution to the ERB from the Antarctic Plateau. Exploitation of the unique dataset covering for the first time the Far IR to be used to improve the retrieval of water vapour and cirrus parameters (diam. Eff., ice content) DATA MERGING AND VALIDATION Innovative data fusion methods for merging complementary information from simultaneous and independent indirect measurements of the same atmospheric target. Cross-validation activities of KLIMA-IASI and GOSAT operational product

3 CCI+ Activities of interest 1. Development of new ECVs Water Vapor Provide and evaluate the water vapor data from: MIPAS-ESA, MIPAS-2D (vertical distributions) (A)ATSR (total columns) (PRANA dataset: measurements in the Far IR could be used also to improve the retrieval of water vapour) Long Lived Greenhouse Gases Provide and evaluate the data of the vertical distribution of the gases of interest from MIPAS-ESA, MIPAS-2D (CH 4, N 2 O, CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, CCl 4 ) Precursors of Ozone and Aerosols Provide and improve MIPAS NO 2 data Earth Radiation Budget PRANA dataset: More than 4 years of continuous measurements of LWR (longwave radiation) spectral contribution to the ERB from the Antarctic Plateau, an unique dataset covering for the first time the Far IR Data fusion algorithms and techniques - Development, implementation and testing of data fusion algorithms with capabilities to perform rigorous data fusion (equivalent to simultaneous retrieval in linear conditions): - Fusion of measurements at limb in the infrared and sub-millimeter for H 2 O, O 3, HNO 3 and T; - Fusion of nadir and limb measurements for ozone (IASI-MIPAS) - Data Quality quantifier for the study of altitude dependent information content

4 CCI+ Activities of interest 2. New R&D on ECVs started in CCI Carbon Dioxide Application of innovative data fusion techniques for the exploitation of the synergy between SWIR and TIR measurements of carbon dioxide (on-going collaboration with NIES and University of Chiba, Japan). Retrieval of mid and upper tropospheric CO 2 from hyperspectral nadir sounding measurements (e.g. IASI/MetOp) Ozone AURORA (Advanced Ultraviolet and Ozone Retrieval for AppLications) project in the H2020 framework development of a technological infrastructure for enhanced quality Ozone products based on assimilation of fused data from UV, Visible and TIR observation on geostationary (S-4) and Low Earth Orbit (S-5) satellites. MIPAS V8 CLOUD PROPERTIES (PRANA dataset: to be used also to improve the retrieval of cirrus parameters (diam. Eff., ice content))

5 State of the art of the proposed Italian activities in the international context The proposed activity involves both: the use of high quality and extended datasets generated with retrieval codes developed by the group in collaboration with international teams; the use of innovative data fusion and merging techniques that are equivalent to simultaneous retrieval of different measurements sounding the same air mass. In particular: AIRWAVE has been totally developed by Italian groups and it is the only algorithm in the world that can extract TCVW from ATSR measurements without relying on external data sources. AIRWAVE data are homogeneous over three instruments (no biases) and for a long time span, therefore they are suitable for long term climate studies. MIPAS V8 full mission release is in progress, the measurements will be corrected for taking into account the time dependent instrument calibration, and hence they will more apt to be used for deriving trends Measurements from ground in the far IR to be possibly extended to space COLLABORATIONS Collaboration with leading parties in the context of Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS): e.g., ECMWF, KNMI, BIRA. Collaboration with JAXA, NIES and MoE (parties responsible for the GOSAT mission) and with the scientific community involved in current and planned missions for monitoring of greenhouse gases from space. Active collaborations with Germany (KIT-Karlsruhe), Great Britain (Oxford-Leicester University), France (LISA- Paris), Spain (CSIC-Granada) within the MIPAS project Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Imperial College London Environmental Statistic group of the University of Bologna

6 National Return Good possibility to enter/lead international consortia for the identified CCI+ projects (Water vapor Long lived greenhouse gases- Ozone and aerosols precursors, Earth radiation budget) Opportunity for consolidating the visibility of Italian groups and building upon the leadership position acquired in scientific topics relevant for the CCI/CCI+. What we lost from the non participation of Italy to CCI: the leadership acquired by the Italian teams in the development of the scientific prototype for MIPAs operational processor could not be fully enforced in the round robin of the Ozone CCI where the better quality of the ESA dataset, based on a data processor developed under leadership of IFAC-CNR (Italy) in the stratosphere had a minor impact with respect to the better performance of the research processor developed by IMK (Germany) in the troposphere, leading to the selection of the IMK algorithm as final result (although the primary focus of MIPAS observation was the stratosphere rather than the troposphere). Possibility for Italian industries to provide software and support to the CCI+ projects, also exploiting the synergy with the national scientific community. Example: collaboration between CNR and Flyby that leaded to the idea of AURORA project (subsequently funded in the frame of the H2020 Call Space under the coordination of CNR)