MIPAS aboard ENVISAT: More than 6 years of trace gas and particle measurements. Herbert Fischer and the MIPAS team

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1 MIPAS aboard ENVISAT: More than 6 years of trace gas and particle measurements Herbert Fischer and the MIPAS team Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK) Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe/Universität Karlsruhe 1. Introduction and MIPAS experiment 2. Measurements and Data processing 3. MIPAS scientific results 4. Conclusions and outlook

2 Acknowledgements 1. MIPAS-Scientific Advisory Group/MIPAS Science Team: IMK: H. Fischer, C. Blom, H. Oelhaf, IROE: B. Carli, Univ. Bologna: M. Carlotti, Univ. Liège: L. Delbouille, R. Zander, Oxford Univ.: A. Dudhia, FZJ: D. Ehhalt, LPPM: J.-M. Flaud, Univ. Oslo: I. Isaksen, IAA: M. Lopez-Puertas, AES: C. T. McElroy, RAL: Brian Kerridge 2. ESA-ESTEC/ESRIN colleagues: M. Endemann, J. Langen, H. Nett, C. Readings, R. Koopman, C. Zehner, T. Fehr 3. ASTRIUM and BOMEM Company: P. Mössner, R. Gessner, G. Perron 4. Quality Working Group (further scientists): IFAC: P. Raspollini, S. Ceccherini, M. Prosperi, Univ. Bologna: M. Ridolfi, DLR: M. Birk, G. Wagner, IAA: B. Funke, IMK: Th. v.clarmann, M. Höpfner, M. Kiefer, F. Hase, ISAC: B. M. Dinelli, Univ. Leicester: J. Remedios 5. Further IMK/IAA colleagues: N. Glatthor, U. Grabowski, S. Kellmann, A. Kleinert, A. Linden, S. Chauhan, M. Milz, T. Steck, G. Stiller, D.-Y. Wang, S. Gil-López, M.-L. Koukouli, M. Grutter

3 Non-LTE NO x NO y,cl y

4 MIPAS scan geometry Global coverage from pole to pole during day and night

5 MIPAS experiment Publication: H. Fischer et al. 2008, Atm. Chem. Phys., 8, Special Issue of Atm. Chem. Phys; MIPAS: Potential of the experiment, data processing and validation of results, 2006

MIPAS-experiment aboard ENVISAT ENVISAT launch: 1st March 2002 Michelson interferometer Spectral range: 4.1 14.6 μm Spectral resolution: 0.025 cm -1 /0.

6 MIPAS-experiment aboard ENVISAT ENVISAT launch: 1st March 2002 Michelson interferometer Spectral range: μm Spectral resolution: cm -1 / cm -1 unapodized (2 measurement phases) Altitude range: Nominal mode: 6 68 km several other observation modes Global coverage: measurements from pole to pole Measurement schedule: continuous, interruption in 2004, from 1/2005 till 11/2007 restriction in measurement time, since 12/2007 continuous again Measurement parameters: -p, T, H 2 O, O 3, CH 4, N 2 O, HNO 3, NO 2 operational processing -NO, N 2 O 5, HNO 4, ClONO 2, ClO, HOCl, CO, CFCs, NH 3, C 2 H 6, C 2 H 2, PAN HCN, HDO, H 2 O 2, SF, 6 H15 15 NO, O 3 3 isotopomers, HCOH, HCOOH, BrONO2 and others Aerosol and cloud parameters scientific processing

7 Method Infrared spectroscopy MIPAS optical design Spectral channels of MIPAS: 26 km tangent altitude 5 cm cm

8 MIPAS Level 1 data: Long term statistics since June 2006

9 2. Measurements and Data Processing Measurements: 1 March 2002 till 31 March 2004: high spectral resolution, continuous August 2004: some test measurements 1 January 2005 till 30 Nov. 2007: reduced spectral resolution, higher spatial resolution, restrictions 1 December 2007 till today: reduced spectral resolution, higher spatial resolution, continuous meas. Overview on available data: Website: University of Oxford, A. Dudhia

10 H2O Errors Old New Atmospheric, Oceanic & Planetary Physics, University of Oxford A Dudhia MIPAS QWG14 Bologna 9-11 Oct 2007

11 Temperature A. Dudhia / Oxford

12 3. MIPAS scientific results Chemical pollution in the upper troposphere Troposphere-Stratosphere exchange Brewer-Dobson circulation Ozone chemistry: BrONO2 Polar Stratospheric Clouds Noctilucent Clouds Interaction of solar radiation with atmospheric composition Climate: Trends in H2O

13 Upper Tropospheric Pollution HCN 200 hpa, ~ 11,5 km September 2003 October 2003 Glatthor et al December 2003 March 2004

14 UTLS/TTL: Water vapor transport Tape recorder in water vapor Jan 2003 Jan 2004 Altitude in km Tape recorder in Delta D Steinwagner et al.

15 Altitude (km) Tracer SF6 and age of air Brewer-Dobson circulation SF6, zonal mean, Sep 2002 pptv SF6, zonal mean, Mar 2004 pptv age, zonal mean, Oct 2003 yr Model: Month 10,

16 Change of SF 6 concentration Stiller et al. 2009

17 MIPAS BrONO 2 climatology (Jul Jan 2009) Night Höpfner et al Day Dec-Feb Mar-May Jun-Aug Sep-Nov

18 MIPAS PSCs in the Antarctic ECMWF equil.

: 770-920 cm-1 Offset corrected PMC signal is clear at high latitudes Altitude

19 PMCs, July 2005 Manuel Lopez-Puertas et al Noise 10º latitude bins Integrated rad.: cm-1 Offset corrected PMC signal is clear at high latitudes Altitude of the peak: => Agrees well with lidars Extension of the layer: km Zonal mean at the peak & 70N: Vol. Dens.: 1.3x10-14 cm3/cm3

20 Solar influence on climate: MIPAS observations during Halloween SPE Oct/Nov 2003 O x O 3 NO 3 N 2 O 5 lono 2 HOCl

21 Bild und Text 1

22 Conclusions and Outlook MIPAS is providing high quality global measurements during day and night of temperature and a larger number of trace constituents as well as aerosol/cloud parameters MIPAS instrument is stable and duty cycle back to 100% since 12/2007 MIPAS detects many trace gases simultaneously, e.g. pollution clouds in the upper troposphere or trace gas families in polar regions Data records cover the time frame from March 2002 till today (gap from April 2004 till December 2004) showing the variability of atmospheric parameters from year to year New information about troposphere stratosphere exchange from H 2 O and HDO distributions Measurement of very weak but essential trace gases possible by averaging, e. g. BrONO 2 MIPAS detects Polar Mesospheric Clouds (PMCs) Long-term measurements anticipated (ENVISAT measurements planned till 2013), e. g. H 2 O trends in the lowermost stratosphere

ission Objective: PREMIER Mission Fact Sheet rimary aim is to explore processes controlling the composition of UTLS: onvective transport, thin cirrus and the Tropical Transition Layer,

Exchange, Gravity waves econdary aim is to explore processes controlling the composition of the troposphere: ir pollution and long-range transport, trace gases which control mid/upper

23 ission Objective: PREMIER Mission Fact Sheet rimary aim is to explore processes controlling the composition of UTLS: onvective transport, thin cirrus and the Tropical Transition Layer, Strat.-Trop. Exchange, Gravity waves econdary aim is to explore processes controlling the composition of the troposphere: ir pollution and long-range transport, trace gases which control mid/upper tropospheric OH bservation requirements: High spatial resolution observations of trace gases and aerosol in the UTLS Flight in tandem with MetOp to add vertical resolution to its nadirviewing spectrometers echnical concept: ayload: infrared limb-imaging spectrometer mm-wave push-broom limb spectrometer rbit: sun-synchronous, in tandem with MetOp ifetime: 5 years

MIPAS Level 2 Near Real Time processor performances

MIPAS Level 2 Near Real Time processor performances Piera Raspollini & the ORM team Page 1 ORM team B. Carli, S. Ceccherini, M. Prosperi and P. Raspollini IFAC-CNR - Italy M. Carlotti, L. Magnani, M. Ridolfi