Chemistry BellRinger 4/9/18

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chemistry BellRinger 4/9/18"

Transcription

1 Chemistry BellRinger 4/9/18 Rutherford s gold foil experiment provided evidence for How was the model changed as a result? How did Chadwick know to look for the neutron? What did JJ Thomson conclude from his Cathode Ray experiment? Describe his model

2 Review Complete the table Symbol Protons Neutrons Electrons 36 Cl Na 11

3 Objectives: Today Review subatomic particles. Define isotopes and determine how atomic mass is calculated. Reflect on an analogous situation to derive insight into chemistry concepts. Review atomic theory history test is coming soon.

4 Isotopes Most elements are very stable and do not decay. However, some isotopes decay in which the nucleus changes. During this decay, either alpha, beta, or gamma particles are released.

5 Types of radioactive particles Alpha particles are not usually harmful to humans because they have very little penetrating power. 4 He 2 2

6 Types of radioactive particles Beta particles can penetrate clothing and damage the skin. 0 β 1 1

7 Types of radioactive particles Gamma rays can only be stopped by thick layers of lead or concrete. They cause serious tissue damage and possibly death. γ

8 Radioactive Decay Some isotopes only emit alpha particles when they decay. Other release either beta or gamma particles when they decay.

9 Today s Activity We ll simulate the half-life of an element Atoms represented by pennies A roll represents one half-life Heads atom decayed Tails atom did not decay

10 Unit 10 Lab: Pennium Start with 25 pennies After each roll: Remove heads pennies (they ve decayed) Keep tails pennies (they re still a radioactive isotope) Keep track of the number of TAILS left after each roll. Record your results in lab journal. Graph. Post your results on the class whiteboard.

11

12 Half-Life Why are some isotopes more dangerous than others? The answer has to do with what type of particle is released and how often these particles are released. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time it takes for one half of a sample of that isotope to decay.

13 Half-Life Example Gold-191 has a half-life of 12.4 hours. If you start with 7.5 mg of the isotope, how much would remain after 49.6 hours? Answer: 49.6 / 12.4 = 4 half-lives. Divide 7.5 in half 4 times and you get mg.

14 Half-Life Tin is a very common metal. About 6% of all tin is actually tin-124 (an unstable isotope). This isotope decays to produce antimony-124 and beta particles. Is tin dangerous to us? No. Why????

15 Half-Life of Tin Tin is not dangerous because it has a half-life of 1.7 x years. That means that in 170,000,000,000,000,000 years half of the tin-124 will decay and release beta particles. This decay is very slow, so the beta particles are hardly ever released. Thus tin poses no threat to our health.

16 Half-Life of Tin Tin-124 has a half-life of 1.7 x years. If you started with a sample of 8.0 grams of tin-124, how long would it take until you were left with only 0.5 grams of radioactive tin remaining?

17 BellRinger 4/10/18 What is the atomic mass of an element with the following mass spec? Mass (amu) Abundance (%) 6 7 % 7 92 % 8 1 %

18 Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Isotope Titanium-48 Carbon-14 Sodium-23 Protons Neutro ns Electro ns

19 Half-Life of Tin Tin-124 has a half-life of 1.7 x years. If you started with a sample of 8.0 grams of tin-124, how long would it take until you were left with only 0.5 grams of radioactive tin remaining?

20 Half-Life Example Potasssium-40 has a half-life of 1.3 billion years. When starting with 128 grams of Potassium-40, how long would it take to have just 8.0 grams remaining?

21 Radiocarbon Dating Radiocarbon dating uses one of the best known radioactive isotopes; carbon-14. Carbon-14 decays to produce nitrogen-14 and beta particles. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. Carbon-14 is constantly produced in the atmosphere by the action of cosmic rays on atmospheric nitrogen.

22 Half-Life Example A fossil is found that contains 6.25% of the original amount of carbon-14. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. How old is the fossil?

23 Tuesday Unit 10 Test Atomic Theory Key contributions of the 6 famous scientists and experiments performed How the model changed Isotopes protons, neutrons, electrons Mass spectrometers finding atomic mass Radioactive decay half-life problems

24 Practice Worksheet 2.5 Whiteboard two (2) questions

Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions PSI Chemistry

Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions PSI Chemistry Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions PSI Chemistry Name: 1. What was the first particle discovered inside an atom? A. Proton C. Electron 2. What characteristic of cathode rays

More information

Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry

Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Chemistry 1 West Linn High School Unit 2 Packet and Goals Name: Period: Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Unit Goals: As you work through this unit, you should be able to: 1. describe Dalton

More information

SCIENCE 10: (7.1) ATOMIC THEORY, ISOTOPES AND RADIOACTIVE DECAY Name: Date: Block: (Textbook Reference pp in BC Science 10) into an

SCIENCE 10: (7.1) ATOMIC THEORY, ISOTOPES AND RADIOACTIVE DECAY Name: Date: Block: (Textbook Reference pp in BC Science 10) into an SCIENCE 10: (7.1) ATOMIC THEORY, ISOTOPES AND RADIOACTIVE DECAY Name: Date: Block: (Textbook Reference pp. 286-301 in BC Science 10) Natural background radiation: It has the ability to interact with an

More information

4.1 Structure of the Atom

4.1 Structure of the Atom 4.1 Structure of the Atom How do atoms differ from each other? What are atoms composed of? What are the subatomic particles? 2-1 Structure of the Atom Atoms actually are divisible. They are composed of

More information

Isotopes and Radioactive Decay

Isotopes and Radioactive Decay NAME PERIOD DATE CHAPTER 4 NOTES: ISOTOPES Isotopes and Radioactive Decay ISOTOPES: Atoms that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. Isotopes containing more neutrons have

More information

Chapter 4 Jeopardy Review

Chapter 4 Jeopardy Review Chapter 4 Jeopardy Review Atom Models of the Atom Atomic Theory Calculating Subatomic Particles Isotopes 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500

More information

Unit 3 Atomic Structure Chapter 3 of your book.

Unit 3 Atomic Structure Chapter 3 of your book. Unit 3 Atomic Structure Chapter 3 of your book. Early Booklet E.C.: / 2 Unit 3 Hwk. Pts: / 24 Unit 3 Lab Pts: / 16 Late, Incomplete, No Work, No Units Fees? Y / N Learning Targets for Unit 3 1.1 I can

More information

Honors Chemistry Unit 2: The Atom & Its Nucleus

Honors Chemistry Unit 2: The Atom & Its Nucleus Honors Chemistry Unit 2: The Atom & Its Nucleus (2017-2018) Bunsen, I must tell you how excellent your study of chemical spectroscopy is, as is your pioneer work in photochemistry but what really impresses

More information

Chemistry Review Unit 1 Study Guide

Chemistry Review Unit 1 Study Guide 1. Draw and label a Bohr model of a C 14 atom. 2. Describe the following about a proton a. mass: the mass of a proton is 1 atomic mass unit (AMU) b. charge: protons have a positive charge c. location:

More information

Vocabulary Review. Atom Cathode Ray Electrons Protons Neutrons Nucleus

Vocabulary Review. Atom Cathode Ray Electrons Protons Neutrons Nucleus 2/19/16 Do Now On your half sheet of paper, identify the scientist that either discovered a part of the atom or developed a theory related to atomic structure. Vocabulary Review Atom Cathode Ray Electrons

More information

Nuclear Study Packet. 1. What subatomic particles are involved in nuclear reactions? 2. What subatomic particles are involved in chemical reactions?

Nuclear Study Packet. 1. What subatomic particles are involved in nuclear reactions? 2. What subatomic particles are involved in chemical reactions? Name Period Nuclear Study Packet Set 1 1. What subatomic particles are involved in nuclear reactions? 2. What subatomic particles are involved in chemical reactions? 3. If an atom undergoes a reaction

More information

Isotopes of an element have the same symbol and same atomic number - Mass number refers to the protons plus neutrons in an isotope

Isotopes of an element have the same symbol and same atomic number - Mass number refers to the protons plus neutrons in an isotope 7.1 Atomic Theory and Radioactive Decay Natural background radiation exists all around us. This radiation consists of high energy particles or waves being emitted from a variety of materials Radioactivity

More information

NOTES: 25.2 Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay

NOTES: 25.2 Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay NOTES: 25.2 Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay Why does the nucleus stay together? STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE Short range, attractive force that acts among nuclear particles Nuclear particles attract one

More information

Name Period. CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 3 - Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry. Homework. Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70)

Name Period. CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 3 - Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry. Homework. Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 3 - Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Homework Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Warm-Ups EC Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their

More information

RADIOACTIVITY: spontaneous disintegration of the nucleus of certain atoms accompanied by the emission (release) of particles and/or energy

RADIOACTIVITY: spontaneous disintegration of the nucleus of certain atoms accompanied by the emission (release) of particles and/or energy RADIOACTIVITY: spontaneous disintegration of the nucleus of certain atoms accompanied by the emission (release) of particles and/or energy ~ TRANSMUTATION: the change of one element into another due to

More information

RADIOACTIVITY. An atom consists of protons, neutrons and electrons.

RADIOACTIVITY. An atom consists of protons, neutrons and electrons. RADIOACTIVITY An atom consists of protons, neutrons and electrons. - Protons and neutrons are inside the nucleus - Electrons revolve around the nucleus in specific orbits ATOMIC NUMBER: - Total number

More information

Chapter 7 Review. Block: Date:

Chapter 7 Review. Block: Date: Science 10 Chapter 7 Review Name: KEY Block: Date: 1. Radioactivity is the release of high-energy particles and rays from a substance as a result of changes in the nuclei of its atoms.. _Natural background

More information

Mass number i. Example U (uranium 235) and U (uranium 238) atomic number e. Average atomic mass weighted of the isotopes of that element i.

Mass number i. Example U (uranium 235) and U (uranium 238) atomic number e. Average atomic mass weighted of the isotopes of that element i. CP NT Ch. 4&25 I. Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom a. Democritus all matter consists of very small, indivisible particles, which he named i. Atom smallest particle of an element that retains all

More information

Unit 6 Nuclear Radiation Parent Guide. What is radioactivity and why are things radioactive?

Unit 6 Nuclear Radiation Parent Guide. What is radioactivity and why are things radioactive? Unit 6 Nuclear Radiation Parent Guide What is radioactivity and why are things radioactive? The nucleus of an atom is comprised of subatomic particles called protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive

More information

RADIOACTIVITY: spontaneous disintegration of the nucleus of certain atoms accompanied by the emission (release) of particles and/or energy

RADIOACTIVITY: spontaneous disintegration of the nucleus of certain atoms accompanied by the emission (release) of particles and/or energy RADIOACTIVITY: spontaneous disintegration of the nucleus of certain atoms accompanied by the emission (release) of particles and/or energy ~ TRANSMUTATION: the change of one element into another due to

More information

CHEMISTRY - MCQUARRIE 4E CH.27 - NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY.

CHEMISTRY - MCQUARRIE 4E CH.27 - NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: NUCLEAR REACTIONS Nuclear Reactions deal with chemical processes in nuclei atoms. Unlike normal chemical reactions where the identity of the elements stay the same, nuclear

More information

11. The bright-line spectra produced by four elements are represented in the diagram below.

11. The bright-line spectra produced by four elements are represented in the diagram below. 1. Which substance can not be broken down by a chemical change? A) ammonia B) ethanol C) propanal D) zirconium 2. Which particle has no charge? A) electron B) neutron C) positron D) proton 3. Which phrase

More information

Vocabulary QUIZ: 1. The total number of particles in the nucleus 2. 1 / 12

Vocabulary QUIZ: 1. The total number of particles in the nucleus 2. 1 / 12 Sep 29 11:29 AM Vocabulary QUIZ: 1. The total number of particles in the nucleus 2. 1 / 12 th of the mass of a carbon atom 3. The weighted average mass of all the isotopes of a particular element 4. A

More information

A. Element 1. The number of protons and neutrons of an atom.

A. Element 1. The number of protons and neutrons of an atom. Unit 03: Test Review Atoms and Elements Key Term Definition A. Element 1. The number of protons and neutrons of an atom. B. Atom 2. The smallest particle of an element. C. Atomic Number 3. A primary substance

More information

Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Unit 3 Notes

Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Unit 3 Notes Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Unit 3 Notes Academic Chemistry Name 52 24 Cr Mass Number Symbol Atomic Number Unit #3 Test Date You can never learn less, you can only learn more. R. Buckminster Fuller

More information

Atom Practice Test (#1) 1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-5? a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 15

Atom Practice Test (#1) 1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-5? a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 15 Atom Practice Test (#1) Name Multiple Choice 1 pt. each 1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-5? a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 15 2) A Ca 2+ ion differs from

More information

PreAP Chemistry. Unit 4 Atomic Structure, the Periodic Table, and Nuclear Radiation

PreAP Chemistry. Unit 4 Atomic Structure, the Periodic Table, and Nuclear Radiation PreAP Chemistry Unit 4 Atomic Structure, the Periodic Table, and Nuclear Radiation Democritus A Greek who lived ~400 BC, was the first to suggest the existence of atoms. He believed atoms to be indivisible

More information

3. SI Base Units used in Chemistry: Quantity Unit Name Abbreviation Tool to Measure Length Mass Time Temperature Amount of Substance

3. SI Base Units used in Chemistry: Quantity Unit Name Abbreviation Tool to Measure Length Mass Time Temperature Amount of Substance Honors Chemistry Unit 1 Intro and Atomic Theory Notes Intro Scientific Measurements: 1. Chemistry is the study of. 2. Why do scientists worldwide use the SI system of measurement? 3. SI Base Units used

More information

JJ Thompson (1897) Robert Millikan (1909)

JJ Thompson (1897) Robert Millikan (1909) Atomic Structure Matter Consists of Particles Aristotle Democritus John Dalton 183 I am a genius! Atomic Theory of Matter based on the following postulates: 1) Each element is composed of particles called

More information

Absolute Dating. Using half-lives to study past-lives. Notes #26

Absolute Dating. Using half-lives to study past-lives. Notes #26 Absolute Dating Using half-lives to study past-lives Notes #26 What is radioactivity? (notes) Some atoms have an unstable nucleus Over time, these nuclei* fall apart, creating two smaller atoms (radioactive

More information

Chapter 3 https://youtu.be/thndxfdkzzs?list=pl8dpuualjx tphzzyuwy6fyeax9mqq8ogr

Chapter 3 https://youtu.be/thndxfdkzzs?list=pl8dpuualjx tphzzyuwy6fyeax9mqq8ogr Chapter 3 https://youtu.be/thndxfdkzzs?list=pl8dpuualjx tphzzyuwy6fyeax9mqq8ogr The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. Regions: Nucleus: very small region

More information

Unit 1 Test A Atomic Theory & Nuclear Decay 1. Which of these BEST describes any two atoms of the same element? a. same number of protons

Unit 1 Test A Atomic Theory & Nuclear Decay 1. Which of these BEST describes any two atoms of the same element? a. same number of protons 1. Which of these BEST describes any two atoms of the same element? same number of protons same number of chemical bonds same number of neutrons same number of particles in the nucleus Self Assessment

More information

Name: Block Unit 3- The Atom

Name: Block Unit 3- The Atom Name: Block Unit 3- The Atom DEMOCRITUS 1. Was Democritus a scientist? Notes 2. In what time of history did he live? 3. Describe Democritus thoughts about gold. 4. What was Democritus word for something

More information

UNIT 13: NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

UNIT 13: NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY UNIT 13: NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY REVIEW: ISOTOPE NOTATION An isotope notation is written as Z A X, where X is the element, A is the mass number (sum of protons and neutrons), and Z is the atomic number. For

More information

Introduction to Atomic Structure Multiple Choice HW

Introduction to Atomic Structure Multiple Choice HW Introduction to Atomic Structure Multiple Choice HW PSI Chemistry Name------------------------------------------- Energy and Light 1. What principle is responsible for the pattern below: 2. This principal

More information

Chapter 4. The structure of the atom. AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28

Chapter 4. The structure of the atom. AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28 Chapter 4 The structure of the atom AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28 You ll learn to Identify the experiments that led to the development of the nuclear model of atomic structure

More information

Democritus & Leucippus (~400 BC) Greek philosophers: first to propose that matter is made up of particles called atomos, the Greek word for atoms

Democritus & Leucippus (~400 BC) Greek philosophers: first to propose that matter is made up of particles called atomos, the Greek word for atoms AP Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block The Evolution of the Atomic Model Since atoms are too small to see even with a very powerful microscope, scientists rely upon indirect evidence and models to help them

More information

Page 17a. Objective: We will identify different types of radioactive decay. Warm-up:

Page 17a. Objective: We will identify different types of radioactive decay. Warm-up: Page 17a Objective: We will identify different types of radioactive decay. Warm-up: What are the three subatomic particles? Where is each particle located in the atom? What is an isotope? Page 17a (again)

More information

National 5- Nuclear Chemistry past paper revision

National 5- Nuclear Chemistry past paper revision National 5- Nuclear Chemistry past paper revision 1. The diagram shows the paths of alpha, beta and gamma radiations as they pass through an electric field. Which line in the table correctly identifies

More information

Understanding the Atom

Understanding the Atom Name Date Period 3.1 Discovering Parts of an Atom Directions: On the line before each statement, write correct if the statement is correct or not correct if the statement is not correct. If the statement

More information

Atomic Structure and Nuclear Unit 3 Test Review

Atomic Structure and Nuclear Unit 3 Test Review Atomic Structure and Nuclear Unit 3 Test Review WEST on Thursdav 10ÿ_ Parts of the atom: Learning Goals o Describe the three subatomic particles: o protons, e neutrons o electrons. o Determine the atomic

More information

Ch. 4 Notes THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM NOTE: Vocabulary terms are in boldface and underlined. Supporting details are in italics.

Ch. 4 Notes THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM NOTE: Vocabulary terms are in boldface and underlined. Supporting details are in italics. Ch. 4 Notes THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM NOTE: Vocabulary terms are in boldface and underlined. Supporting details are in italics. I. Early Ideas About Matter A. atom the smallest particle of an element retaining

More information

) The nucleus of an atom, when compared to the entire atom, is (Circle two).

) The nucleus of an atom, when compared to the entire atom, is (Circle two). Unit 3: The Atom Review Packet Directions: Answer the following questions WITHOUT using your notes first. This will be a great way to study for your test. Then, get out your notes and go back and fill

More information

Core Questions Physics unit 4 - Atomic Structure

Core Questions Physics unit 4 - Atomic Structure Core Questions Physics unit 4 - Atomic Structure No. Question Answer 1 What did scientists think about atoms before the discovery of the They were tiny spheres that could not be broken up electron? 2 Which

More information

Atoms have two separate parts. The nucleus and the electron cloud.

Atoms have two separate parts. The nucleus and the electron cloud. Name Ch. 5 - Atomic Structure Pre-AP Modern Atomic Theory All atoms are made of three subatomic (smaller than the atom) particles: the protons, the electrons and the neutrons. (P.E.N. s) There are particles

More information

Directed Reading B. Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY. is a(n). DALTON S ATOMIC THEORY BASED ON EXPERIMENTS

Directed Reading B. Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY. is a(n). DALTON S ATOMIC THEORY BASED ON EXPERIMENTS Skills Worksheet Directed Reading B Section: Development of the Atomic Theory THE BEGINNING OF ATOMIC THEORY 1. The word atom comes from the Greek word atomos, which means a. dividable. b. invisible. c.

More information

Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Radioactivity Test Review Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Radioactive s have unstable a. electrons. c. protons. b. nuclei.

More information

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity 2.1 Multiple-Choice 1) The smallest particle of an element that can be identified as that element is: A) a proton

More information

CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure

CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Early Theories of Matter Earth, Water, Air, Fire Matter was thought to be infinitely divisible No method was available to test theories Democritus (460 B.C. 370 B.C.) First

More information

4. Structure of the Atom. Mark (1) Mark (1) Mark (1)

4. Structure of the Atom. Mark (1)  Mark (1) Mark (1) 4. Structure of the Atom Q 1 Write the electronic configuration of chlorine. Q 2 What determines the chemical nature of an element? Q 3 What do you mean by atomic number of an element? Q 4 Define cathode

More information

Name: Date Due: Chemical Reactions. Physical Science Chapter 12

Name: Date Due: Chemical Reactions. Physical Science Chapter 12 Name: Date Due: Chemical Reactions Physical Science Chapter 12 2 What are Chemical Reactions? 1. Define the following terms: a. chemical reaction= a. reactants= b. products= c. chemical equation= d. law

More information

Part 12- Physics Paper 1 Atomic Structure Application Questions Triple Science

Part 12- Physics Paper 1 Atomic Structure Application Questions Triple Science Part 12- Physics Paper 1 Atomic Structure Application Questions Triple Science Internal energy and energy transfers Internal energy and energy transfers Changes of state and the particle model Particle

More information

Unit 2: Atomic Theory Notes

Unit 2: Atomic Theory Notes Unit 2: Atomic Theory Notes The changing of a substance into one or more new substances is known as a chemical reaction. Law of conservation of mass: mass is neither created nor destroyed during ordinary

More information

Notes: Part 1 - Nuclear Chemistry

Notes: Part 1 - Nuclear Chemistry Notes: Part 1 - Nuclear Chemistry NUCLEAR REACTIONS: NUCLEAR FISSION: NUCLEAR FUSION: NUCLIDES: -most nuclides have even # of protons and neutrons the neutron-to-proton ratio determines the stability of

More information

4. The mass of a proton is approximately equal to the mass of A an alpha particle C a positron. B a beta particle D a neutron

4. The mass of a proton is approximately equal to the mass of A an alpha particle C a positron. B a beta particle D a neutron 1. Which particles have approximately the same mass? A an electron and an alpha particle B an electron and a proton C a neutron and an alpha particle D a neutron and a proton 2. Which phrase describes

More information

Ch Radioactivity. Henry Becquerel, using U-238, discovered the radioactive nature of elements in 1896.

Ch Radioactivity. Henry Becquerel, using U-238, discovered the radioactive nature of elements in 1896. Ch. 10 - Radioactivity Henry Becquerel, using U-238, discovered the radioactive nature of elements in 1896. Radioactivity the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy

More information

5 Atomic Physics. 1 of the isotope remains. 1 minute, 4. Atomic Physics. 1. Radioactivity 2. The nuclear atom

5 Atomic Physics. 1 of the isotope remains. 1 minute, 4. Atomic Physics. 1. Radioactivity 2. The nuclear atom 5 Atomic Physics 1. Radioactivity 2. The nuclear atom 1. In a fission reactor, which particle causes a Uranium-235 nucleus to split? A. alpha-particle B. gamma ray C. neutron D. proton 2. A radioactive

More information

Unit 2 Exam - Atomic Structure and Nuclear

Unit 2 Exam - Atomic Structure and Nuclear 1. The atomic number of an atom is always equal to the total number of. neutrons in the nucleus. protons in the nucleus 5. The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of. neutrons, only. protons,

More information

Fundamental Forces of the Universe

Fundamental Forces of the Universe Fundamental Forces of the Universe There are four fundamental forces, or interactions in nature. Strong nuclear Electromagnetic Weak nuclear Gravitational Strongest Weakest Strong nuclear force Holds the

More information

21/11/ /11/2017 Atomic Structure AQA Physics topic 4

21/11/ /11/2017 Atomic Structure AQA Physics topic 4 Atomic Structure AQA Physics topic 4 4.1 Atoms and Isotopes The structure of the atom ELECTRON negative, mass nearly nothing The nucleus is around 10,000 times smaller then the atom! NEUTRON neutral, same

More information

1 amu 1 amu 0 amu. Chapter 2 part 1.notebook September 16, Modern Atomic Theory

1 amu 1 amu 0 amu. Chapter 2 part 1.notebook September 16, Modern Atomic Theory Chapter 2 The Atom Elements are the basic substances that make up all matter. An atom is the smallest particle of an element. Average atoms are 10 10 m in diameter. If you could put 6.02 x 10 23 p + and

More information

Chemistry 11 Early models of the atom 1. Structure of the Atom

Chemistry 11 Early models of the atom 1. Structure of the Atom Chemistry 11 Early models of the atom 1 Structure of the Atom Democritus Developed the idea of atom Thought things were made of atoms that have different Shapes Aristotle Matter is made of different amounts

More information

Chemistry Day 10. Monday, September 17 th Tuesday, September 18 th, 2018

Chemistry Day 10. Monday, September 17 th Tuesday, September 18 th, 2018 Chemistry Day 10 Monday, September 17 th Tuesday, September 18 th, 2018 Do-Now Title: Brainstorm: Unit 1 1. Write down today s FLT 2. Draw what an atom looks like according to Democritus and Dalton 3.

More information

Teacher: Mr. gerraputa. Name: Base your answer to the question on the information below. Given the electron dot diagram:

Teacher: Mr. gerraputa. Name: Base your answer to the question on the information below. Given the electron dot diagram: Teacher: Mr. gerraputa Print Close Name: 1. Given the electron dot diagram: The valence electrons represented by the electron dot diagram could be those of atoms in Group 1. 13 3. 3 2. 15 4. 16 2. Which

More information

Name: Date: Atomic Structure 2017 Mrs. Mannion Version 1

Name: Date: Atomic Structure 2017 Mrs. Mannion Version 1 Name: Atomic Structure 2017 1. The mass of a proton is approximately equal to the mass of A) a beta particle B) an electron C) an alpha particle D) a neutron 2. What are the characteristics of a neutron?

More information

General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 2e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice

General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 2e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity. 2.1 Multiple-Choice General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 2e (Frost) Chapter 2 Atoms and Radioactivity 2.1 Multiple-Choice 1) Two atoms must represent the same element if they both have the same: A) number of electron shells

More information

Radioactive Decay 1 of 20 Boardworks Ltd 2016

Radioactive Decay 1 of 20 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Radioactive Decay 1 of 20 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Radioactive Decay 2 of 20 Boardworks Ltd 2016 What is radiation? 3 of 20 Boardworks Ltd 2016 The term radiation (also known as nuclear radiation) refers to

More information

Radioactive Decay. Scientists have discovered that when atoms of one kind of element emit radiation, they can change into atoms of a NEW element.

Radioactive Decay. Scientists have discovered that when atoms of one kind of element emit radiation, they can change into atoms of a NEW element. Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay Scientists have discovered that when atoms of one kind of element emit radiation, they can change into atoms of a NEW element. Why would an atom emit radiation in the

More information

The Atom. protons, neutrons, and electrons oh my!

The Atom. protons, neutrons, and electrons oh my! The Atom protons, neutrons, and electrons oh my! What s an Atom? An atom is the smallest physical particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element. How Big is an Atom? At sea level,

More information

Chapter 2: Atoms and the Periodic Table

Chapter 2: Atoms and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Atoms and the Periodic Table Outline: Atoms & electrons, protons, neutrons Isotopes Periodic Table Mole & molar mass Chemistry: the science of matter and its structures, interactions, and transformations

More information

Radioactivity is the emission of high energy released when the of atoms change. Radioactivity can be or.

Radioactivity is the emission of high energy released when the of atoms change. Radioactivity can be or. Chapter 19 1 RADIOACTIVITY Radioactivity is the emission of high energy released when the of atoms change. Radioactivity can be or. TYPES OF RADIATION OR EMITTED ENERGY IN NUCLEAR CHANGES Radiation is

More information

Rules: With each statement, vote true or false. If your vote is correct and you can justify your answer, move along the board.

Rules: With each statement, vote true or false. If your vote is correct and you can justify your answer, move along the board. Rules: With each statement, vote true or false. If your vote is correct and you can justify your answer, move along the board. If your vote is incorrect, move towards the centre. Drop into the middle and

More information

A Nuclear Power Plant

A Nuclear Power Plant A Nuclear Power Plant Fallout from Chernobyl The question that all countries asked in 1986, and continue to ask to this day: Could it happen here? Radioactivity Np Pu+ 239 239 0 93 94 1 Beta decay the

More information

Structure of the Nuclear Atom

Structure of the Nuclear Atom Structure of the Nuclear Atom I. The II. A. The is the smallest particle of an element that retains its of the element. History of the Atom A. Democritus 1. Democritus (460 B.C. 370 B.C) was the first

More information

Chapter 2. Atoms and the Periodic Table. Chemistry: Atoms First Julia Burdge & Jason Overby

Chapter 2. Atoms and the Periodic Table. Chemistry: Atoms First Julia Burdge & Jason Overby Chemistry: Atoms First Julia Burdge & Jason Overby Chapter 2 Atoms and the Periodic Table Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2 Atoms and the

More information

2. Electrons: e - charge = negative -1 mass ~ 0

2. Electrons: e - charge = negative -1 mass ~ 0 Notes Ch. and 5: Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry History and Structure the Nuclear Atom The Atom smallest particle an element that retains all properties the element I. Early Models the Atom A.

More information

What does rate of reaction mean?

What does rate of reaction mean? 1 of 39 What does rate of reaction mean? 2 of 39 The speed of different chemical reactions varies hugely. Some reactions are very fast and others are very slow. The speed of a reaction is called the rate

More information

Particles involved proton neutron electron positron gamma ray 1

Particles involved proton neutron electron positron gamma ray 1 TOPIC : Nuclear and radiation chemistry Nuclide - an atom with a particular mass number and atomic number Isotopes - nuclides with the same atomic number (Z) but different mass numbers (A) Notation A Element

More information

Year 11 Physics booklet Topic 1 Atomic structure and radioactivity Name:

Year 11 Physics booklet Topic 1 Atomic structure and radioactivity Name: Year 11 Physics booklet Topic 1 Atomic structure and radioactivity Name: Atomic structure and radioactivity Give a definition for each of these key words: Atom Isotope Proton Neutron Electron Atomic nucleus

More information

10.1 RADIOACTIVE DECAY

10.1 RADIOACTIVE DECAY 10.1 RADIOACTIVE DECAY When Henri Becquerel placed uranium salts on a photographic plate and then developed the plate, he found a foggy image. The image was caused by rays that had not been observed before.

More information

Radioactive Decay What is Radioactivity? http://explorecuriocity.org/explore/articleid/3033 http://explorecuriocity.org/explore/articleid/3035 http://explorecuriocity.org/explore/articleid/2160 Quick Review

More information

Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3

Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3 Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3 Terms and definitions atom ion law of constant composition isotope atomic theory of matter mass number cathode ray tube atomic mass electron

More information

Part 12- Physics Paper 1 Atomic Structure Application Questions Combined Science

Part 12- Physics Paper 1 Atomic Structure Application Questions Combined Science Part 12- Physics Paper 1 Atomic Structure Application Questions Combined Science Internal energy and energy transfers Internal energy and energy transfers Changes of state and the particle model Particle

More information

The Electromagnetic Spectrum. 7.1 Atomic Theory and Radioactive Decay. Isotopes. 19K, 19K, 19K Representing Isotopes

The Electromagnetic Spectrum. 7.1 Atomic Theory and Radioactive Decay. Isotopes. 19K, 19K, 19K Representing Isotopes 7.1 Atomic Theory and Radioactive Decay Natural background radiation exists all around us. Radioactivity is the release of high energy particles or waves When atoms lose high energy particles and waves,

More information

Chap 4 Bell -Ringers

Chap 4 Bell -Ringers Chap 4 Bell -Ringers The Structure of the Atom The Atom has a Structure What we ve seen so far Chapter 1 The Science of Chemistry - Chemistry is about discovering and understanding natural laws using the

More information

Friday, 05/06/16 6) HW QUIZ MONDAY Learning Target (NEW)

Friday, 05/06/16 6) HW QUIZ MONDAY Learning Target (NEW) Friday, 05/06/16 1) Warm-up: If you start with 100g of a radioactive substance, how much will be left after 3 half-lives? 2) Review HW & Nuclear Notes 3) Complete Modeling Energy Investigation 4) Complete:

More information

Nuclear Chemistry. Atomic Structure Notes Start on Slide 20 from the second class lecture

Nuclear Chemistry. Atomic Structure Notes Start on Slide 20 from the second class lecture Nuclear Chemistry Atomic Structure Notes Start on Slide 20 from the second class lecture The Birth of an Idea Democritus, 400 B.C. coined the term atom If you divide matter into smaller and smaller pieces,

More information

Radioactivity pp Topic 9: Nuclear Physics Ch. 10. Radioactivity. Radioactivity

Radioactivity pp Topic 9: Nuclear Physics Ch. 10. Radioactivity. Radioactivity Topic 9: Nuclear Physics Ch. 10 pp.244-249 results from radioactive decay, which is the process in which unstable atomic nuclei transform and emit radiation. has existed longer than the human race. Unstable

More information

the properties of that element

the properties of that element Name Date Due Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table: Unit Objective Study Guide Part 1 Directions: Write your answers to the following questions in the space provided. For problem solving, all of the

More information

Full file at

Full file at Chapter 2 1. Which statement is incorrect? A. According to the atomic theory, all matter is composed of atoms. B. Protons, neutrons, and electrons are subatomic particles. C. Electrons are larger than

More information

Pre-AP Chemistry 1 st Nine Weeks Review Safety and Equipment

Pre-AP Chemistry 1 st Nine Weeks Review Safety and Equipment Name _ Period Pre-AP Chemistry 1 st Nine Weeks Review Safety and Equipment 1) Match the safety symbols with their meaning: Symbol a) Radioactive materials being used. b) Danger to the eyes. c) Poisonous

More information

Radioisotopes. alpha. Unstable isotope. stable. beta. gamma

Radioisotopes. alpha. Unstable isotope. stable. beta. gamma Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Chemistry Nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons Strong forces (nuclear force) hold nucleus together Protons in nucleus have electrostatic repulsion however, strong

More information

Unit 1 Atomic Structure

Unit 1 Atomic Structure Unit 1 Atomic Structure Defining the Atom I. Atomic Theory A. Modern Atomic Theory 1. All matter is made up of very tiny particles called atoms 2. Atoms of the same element are chemically alike 3. Individual

More information

Chapter 11 Nuclear Chemistry

Chapter 11 Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 11 Nuclear Chemistry 11.1 Nuclear Reactions Nuclear reactions involve the particles located in the nucleus of the atom: The nucleus contains: An atom is characterized by: X A Z - Z the gives the

More information

UNIT TWO TEST HISTORY OF ATOM, STRUCTURE OF ATOM, ATOMIC MASS CARBON-12

UNIT TWO TEST HISTORY OF ATOM, STRUCTURE OF ATOM, ATOMIC MASS CARBON-12 KEY Review Sheet: UNIT TWO TEST HISTORY OF ATOM, STRUCTURE OF ATOM, ATOMIC MASS 1. Know which isotope is the standard for the atomic mass unit. CARBON-12 2. Know what the difference in masses of isotopes

More information

Atomic Concepts and Nuclear Chemistry Regents Review

Atomic Concepts and Nuclear Chemistry Regents Review 1. In the late 1800s, experiments using cathode ray tubes led to the discovery of the 10.Compared to an atom of phosphorus-31, an atom of sulfur-32 contains A) electron B) neutron C) positron D) proton

More information

Chapter 2. Atoms and Ions

Chapter 2. Atoms and Ions Chapter 2 Atoms and Ions A History of Atomic Models 400 B.C.E. (Democritus, a early atomist) 1804 (Dalton) Law of Conservation of Mass Antoine Lavoisier 1743-1794 In a chemical reaction, matter is neither

More information

The previous images display some of our hopes and fears associated with nuclear radiation. We know the images, and some of the uses, but what is Nuclear Radiation and where does it come from? Nuclide In

More information

Atomic Structure. For thousands of years, people had many ideas about matter Ancient Greeks believed that everything was made up of the four elements

Atomic Structure. For thousands of years, people had many ideas about matter Ancient Greeks believed that everything was made up of the four elements An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. Although early philosophers and scientists could not observe individual atoms, they were still able to propose

More information

Chapter 3. Radioactivity. Table of Contents

Chapter 3. Radioactivity. Table of Contents Radioactivity Table of Contents Introduction 1. Radioactivity 2. Types of Radioactive Decays 3. Natural Radioactivity 4. Artificial Radioactivity 5. The Rate of Radioactive Decay 6. The Effects of Radiation

More information