me YouTube link, share with me through Google Drive, or bring flash drive

Transcription

1 Bonding Unit 3

2 Element Commercial Due tomorrow Each member must have own copy of fact sheet me YouTube link, share with me through Google Drive, or bring flash drive Tomorrow there will be a short quiz asking a few questions about your element

3 What comes to mind when you think of bonds?

4 Pure sodium and potassium both ignite in water Yet the compounds containing sodium and potassium just dissolved in water What does this imply about bonds?

5 Chemical Bonds The forces or glue that hold atoms together When atoms form bonds, the properties of those atoms change That s why sodium chloride (table salt) behaves differently than sodium and chlorine

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7 Vaccines What is the main point of the article? Hypothetically, would you allow your child to be vaccinated? Why or why not? Pick two words you didn t know and look up the definition on your phone

8 Do Now First: There is graded work on your desk, put labs in lab binders and put everything else in whatever you put other work in Second: Thinking about the article about vaccinations from yesterday and what happens to the properties of an atom when it forms a bond, why are vaccines safe despite containing mercury?

9 Vaccines Many vaccines contain mercury which leads to a lot of fear about vaccination However, the mercury is in a compound so it has much different properties than pure mercury

10 Types of Bonds Ionic bonds- a bond involving the transfer of electrons Covalent bonds- a bond involving the sharing of electrons Metallic bonds-the attraction between the mobile valence electrons and an atom s positively charged kernel (kernel is made up of nucleus and non-valence electrons)

11 Ionic Bonds A bond between atoms that involves the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal Due to the differences in electronegativity Results in a positive cation (metal) and a negative anion (nonmetal)

12 Octet Rule Chemical rule of thumb that reflects observation that atoms tend to combine in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas.

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14 Naming Ionic Compounds When sodium and chlorine combine, we don t get sodium chlorine. We get sodium chloride AgCl KBr CO 2 MgI 2

15 Naming Ionic Compounds When sodium and chlorine combine, we don t get sodium chlorine. We get sodium chloride AgCl Silver Chloride KBr CO 2 MgI 2

16 Naming Ionic Compounds When sodium and chlorine combine, we don t get sodium chlorine. We get sodium chloride AgCl KBr Silver Chloride Potassium Bromide CO 2 MgI 2

17 Naming Ionic Compounds When sodium and chlorine combine, we don t get sodium chlorine. We get sodium chloride AgCl KBr CO 2 Silver Chloride Potassium Bromide Two nonmetals, not ionic (Carbon dioxide) MgI 2

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21 Al 2 S 3

22 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Calcium and Chlorine Magnesium and sulfur

23 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Calcium and Chlorine Magnesium and sulfur

24 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Na 2 S Calcium and Chlorine Magnesium and sulfur

25 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Na 2 S Calcium and Chlorine Ca +2 Cl -1 Magnesium and sulfur

26 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Na 2 S Calcium and Chlorine Ca +2 Cl -1 CaCl 2 Magnesium and sulfur

27 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Na 2 S Calcium and Chlorine Ca +2 Cl -1 CaCl 2 Magnesium and sulfur Mg +2 S -2

28 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Na 2 S Calcium and Chlorine Ca +2 Cl -1 CaCl 2 Magnesium and sulfur Mg +2 S -2 Mg 2 S 2

29 What would the formula be if the following elements formed an ionic bond together? Sodium and sulfur Na + S -2 Na 2 S Calcium and Chlorine Ca +2 Cl -1 CaCl 2 Magnesium and sulfur Mg +2 S -2 Mg 2 S >MgS (reduce using greatest common denominator)

30 Naming Ionic Compounds When sodium and chlorine combine, we don t get sodium chlorine. We get sodium chloride AgCl KBr CO 2 MgI 2 Silver Chloride Potassium Bromide Two nonmetals, not ionic (Carbon dioxide) Magnesium Iodide

31 Polyatomic Ions A collection of atoms that have an overall charge The whole collection of atoms can be treated similar to a single element View Table E of the reference table Ex. ) NO 3-1 is nitrate CN -1 is cyanide

32 Sodium cyanide Magnesium nitrate Li 3 PO 4

33 Oxidation States of Transition Metals Elements on the very sides of the periodic table generally only have one oxidation state, however the transition metals in the middle of the table (Groups 3-12) can have multiple possible oxidation states In order to indicate the transition metal s oxidation state, we use roman numerals Ex.) Fe +2 is Iron (II) while Fe +3 is Iron (III) Cu +1 is Copper (I) while Cu +2 is Copper (II)

34 What is the formula for : iron (III) chloride? What is the name for: CuCl 2?

35 Cation & Anion Cation-positively charge atom due to loss of one or more electrons Anion-negatively charged atom due to gain of one or more electrons During ionic bonds, a cation and anion are formed due to the transfer of electrons

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38 Do Now You have old work on your desk, put graded labs in lab binder and put any other work in folder/binder Based on what happens to chemical properties when bonds are formed, why are vaccines still safe despite containing mercury?

39 Ionic bonds- a bond involving the transfer of electrons Between a metal and nonmetal. Due to electronegativity differences

40 Octet Rule Chemical rule of thumb that reflects observation that atoms tend to combine in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas.