POGIL: Compounds- What s In a Name???
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1 ! POGIL: Compounds- What s In a Name??? Page 1 of 5 Name: Date: Identify some simple rules about nomenclature (naming). Model 1: I Lost an Electron! Are You Sure? I m Positive! Cation Anion Formula Name Na + Cl - NaCl sodium chloride Zn 2+ Cl - ZnCl 2 zinc chloride Na + S 2- Na 2S sodium sulfide K + N 3- K 3N potassium nitride 1. Are ALL cations positive ions or negative ions? 2. Are ALL anions positive ions or negative ions? 3. When the name of an ionic compound is given, which ion is named first? 4. Compare the first part of the compound name to the name of the element from the periodic table? How does the name of the cation compare to the name of the element? 5. Compere the second part of the compound name to the name of the element from the periodic table? How does the name of the anion compare to the name of the element? 6. From what part of the periodic table do the cations come, metals or nonmetals? 7. From what part of the periodic table do the anions come, metals or nonmetals? 8. For each of the following, predict whether the ion will likely be a cation (+) or anion ( ). (a) magnesium ion (b) selenide ion (c) bromide ion (d) cesium ion 9. For each ionic compound, identify the cation and the anion. (a) sodium fluoride (b) strontium sulfide (c) lithium iodide (d) barium chloride cation: cation: cation: cation: anion: anion: anion: anion:
2 POGIL: Compounds- What s In a Name??? Page 2 of In what way did the name provide clues about the classification of each element as a cation or anion? 11. Where are the periodic table would you expect to find elements that ionize to form cations?... anions? CATIONS: ANIONS: 12. Consider the clues you identified. (a) Write a general rule for how you change the name of an element into the name of the cation when naming ionic compounds. (b) Write a general rule for how you change the name of an element into the name of the anion when naming ionic compounds. Predict the correct number of cations and anions in a simple salt. Model 2: Oxygen and Potassium Went on a Date! It went OK! No - OK 2! Cation Anion Formula Name Na + Cl - NaCl sodium chloride Zn 2+ Cl - ZnCl 2 zinc chloride Na + S 2- Na 2S sodium sulfide K + N 3- K 3N potassium nitride 13. What is the charge on the zinc ion? 14. What is the charge on the nitride ion? 15. What is the charge on the ionic compound sodium chloride? 16. What is the charge on the ionic compound sodium sulfide? 17. How many potassium ions are present in K3N? 18. What does the 2 stand for in the formula ZnCl2? 19. Sodium chloride is NaCl and zinc chloride is ZnCl2. Why are there more chloride ions in the zinc chloride?
3 Page 3 of Sodium chloride is NaCl and sodium sulfide is Na2S. Why are there more sodium ions in the sodium compound? 21. How many chloride ions would combine with an Al 3+ ion to form aluminum chloride? How do you determine this? 22. What charge does the barium ion possess in the compound BaCl2? How do you determine this? Write the chemical formula of an ionic compound containing metals with varying charges. Model 3: When the Romans March Through... Formula Name Formula Name FeBr 2 iron(ii) bromide FeBr 3 iron(iii) bromide CrO chromium(ii) oxide Cr 2 O 3 chromium(iii) oxide Cu 3 N copper(i) nitride Cu 3 N 2 copper(ii) nitride 23. What is the charge on the bromide ion? 24. What is the charge on the oxide ion? 25. What is the charge on the nitride ion? 26. Represent the Roman numeral III as a normal (Arabic) number. 27. What two elements are present in the compounds in the last row of the model? 28. What is different about the chemical formulas of the two compounds in the last row of the model? 29. What is different about the compound names of the two compounds in the last row of the model? 30. Use the rules developed in the previous activity to determine the charge on the iron ion in each compound: (a) For FeBr2: Charge on iron ion: Roman numeral in the name:
4 Page 4 of 5 (b) For FeBr3: Charge on iron ion: Roman numeral in the name: 30. How is the Roman numeral in the compound name related to the charge on the iron? 31. Does this hold true for all the compounds in the table in the model? 32. What type of metals require the use of a Roman numeral in the name of their ionic compound? (Where are these metals located on the periodic table?) 33. Why do the compounds in this activity require Roman numerals in the name while compounds such as calcium chloride do not? 34. How will you know when to use a Roman numeral when writing the name of an ionic compound? Name polyatomic ions and use them to write chemical formulas of ionic compounds. Model 4: Polly Wanna Ion? Ion Name Ion Name N 3 nitride S 2 sulfide NO 2 nitrite SO 3 2 sulfite NO 3 nitrate SO 4 2 sulfate Getting Started: So far, only simple, monatomic cations and anions have been used. There is another class of ions, polyatomic ions. Polyatomic ions are a group of atoms that are held together by covalent interactions, the entire group of atoms carries the charge. The most common polyatomic ions contain oxygen. Their names and structures will be explored more at a point later in the course. 35. What is the suffix (ending) when there are no oxygen atoms in the formula and there is only a single element? 36. What suffixes (endings) are used when oxygen is included in the formula?
5 Page 5 of Does the suffix of each name depend on the charge of the ion? 38. Does the suffix tell you how many oxygen atoms are present in the atom? 39. Compare nitrate to nitrite. Which has more oxygen atoms? 40. Compare sulfate to sulfite. Which has more oxygen atoms? 41. Consider the two oxo- ions of chlorine, ClO2 and ClO3. Which ion would have the ate ending? Write the names of these two ions. 42. Consider the two oxo- ions of phosphorus, PO4 3 and PO3 3. Which ion would have the ate ending? Write the names of these two ions. 43. Calcium ion has a 2+ charge. Chloride has a 1 charge. The formula for calcium chloride is CaCl2. Nitrate has a formula and charge of NO3. How would you write the formula for calcium nitrate? Hydroxide has a formula and charge of OH. How would you write the formula for calcium hydroxide? 44. Sodium ion has a 1+ charge. How would you write the formula for sodium hydroxide? How would you write the formula for sodium nitrate? 45. The formula for iron(iii) nitrate is Fe(NO3)3. How many atoms of each element are in this compound? 46. How would you write the formula for aluminum sulfate? 47. Do all polyatomic ions require parenthesis? 48. When are parenthesis used?
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Chemical Bonding and Naming Compounds (Chapter 9) Types of Bonds Ionic Bonds Molecular Bonds Types of Compounds Ionic Molecular Acid Base Chemical Bonding Atoms will bond together using their valence electrons.