Postemergence Winter Weed and Preemergence Crabgrass Control. L. S. Warren North Carolina State University
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1 Postemergence Winter Weed and Preemergence Crabgrass Control L. S. Warren North Carolina State University
2 Wild Garlic Perennial, hollow stems Germinates late summer, early fall Control Feb-Mar when mild 2,4-D amine Many formulations 3 qt/acre + surfactant Bermuda, fescue, ryegrass Treat for 2 years Image 70DG 0.35 to 0.7 lb/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede, zoysia Apply before spring greenup
3 Common Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds Ground ivy India mock strawberry Dandelion Dock / Plantain species White clover Wild violet Yellow woodsorrel Carolina geranium Henbit Chickweed species Speedwell species Lawn burweed Field pansy Hairy bittercress Hop clover
4 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include 2,4-D mecoprop dicamba dichlorprop mcpa Registered since at least the 1970 s 3-way mixtures commonly used Trimec, Triamine, Triamine II trade names
5 Possible Weed Escapes (White) Using Trimec and Triamine Formulations Ground ivy India mock strawberry Dandelion Dock / Plantain species White clover Wild violet Yellow woodsorrel Carolina geranium Henbit Chickweed species Speedwell species Lawn burweed Field pansy Hairy bittercress Hop clover
6 Improved??? Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include triclopyr woody plants clopyralid herbaceous legume plants Registered since s Used together Confront Used with older chemistries Horsepower, Coolpower, Chaser, Momentum, Millennium Ultra
7 Clopyralid Label Change in 2003 Changes in 2003: Clopyralid-containing products are not labeled for use in home lawns. Clopyralid extremely sensitive to legume plants Homeowners collected clippings in compost piles Used compost in flower and ornamental beds Bye-bye flower and ornamental beds
8 New and Improved??? Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include carfentrazone registered in 2002 fluroxypyr registered in 2004 Possible replacements for clopyralid loss Carfentrazone Quicksilver T&O 1.9EC Fluroxypyr Spotlight 1.5EC
9 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include carfentrazone registered in 2002 fluroxypyr registered in 2004 Possible replacements for clopyralid loss Carfentrazone - Power Zone, Speed Zone and Speed Zone Southern (include combinations of 2,4-D, mcpa, mecoprop and dicamba) Fluroxypyr Escalade, Escalade Low Odor
10 Escalade Contains: 2,4-D 39.5% or 3.2 lb/gal, fluroxypyr 11.8% or 0.8 lb/gal and dicamba 4.1% or 0.4 lb/gal
11 Escalade Controls broadleaf weeds including: Black medic Dogfennel Prickly sida Carolina geranium Ground ivy Purple deadnettle Chickweed sp. Hairy bittercress Serecea lespedeza Clover sp. Hairy vetch Thistle sp. Common purslane Henbit V. buttonweed Curly dock Knotweed
12 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control 2,4-D, Mecoprop, Dicamba, Dichlorprop, MCPA Triclopyr, Clopyralid Carfentrazone, Fluroxypyr Can be applied to warm and cool season turf but do not control winter grassy weeds (annual bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, etc )
13 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds: Poa annua metribuzin (Sencor 75 Turf) 0.67 lb/acre chickweed sp., henbit, lawn burweed, corn speedwell glyphosate (Roundup Pro, Touchdown Pro) % v/v NIS for some formulations 1 pt/acre Dormant nonoverseeded bermuda only!
14 Mar 8, 2004 (8 WAT) Apr 7, 2004 (12 WAT) May 4, 2004 (16 WAT) Roundup Pro 1 pt
15 Sulfonylurea Herbicides Registrations since 2002 Revolver (home use) foramsulfuron TranXit GTA Monument 75WG rimsulfuron trifloxysulfuron Registration in 2005 Certainty (home use) sulfosulfuron
16 Sulfonylurea Herbicides Revolver (home use) TranXit GTA Monument 75WG Certainty (home use) poa, perennial ryegrass, some goosegrass activity poa, perennial ryegrass poa, perennial ryegrass, sedge and kyllinga species poa, perennial ryegrass, sedge and kyllinga species
17 Sulfonylurea Herbicides Revolver, TranXit GTA, Monument, Certainty All control various broadleaf weeds, but check label for specific species All provide soil residual to inhibit and possibly prevent late season germination All safe on bermudagrass and zoysiagrass turf, but check label for specific varieties
18 Mar 8 (8 WAT) Apr 7 (12 WAT) May 4 (16 WAT) Why not use glyphosate? Monument 75WG
19 Table 1. Postemergence Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control with Sulfonylurea Herbicides Treatment a Carolina geranium Common chickweed Corn speedwell Facelis Field pansy Henbit % Manor 100 (0.5) b 100 (0.5) 0 (0.5) 33 (1) 100 (0.5) 100 (0.5) 100 (0.5) Monument 75WG 0 (0.56) 100 (0.33) 99 (0.33) 94 (0.59) 0 (0.33) 79 (0.33) 100 (0.33) Revolver 0 (17) 62 (17) 0 (17) - 0 (17) 11 (17) 100 (17) TranXit GTA 0 (2) 100 (1) 0 (1) 3 (2) 0 (1) 11 (1) 100 (2) LSD (0.05) Application date Evaluation interval Dec WAT Mar 04 5 WAT Mar 04 Mar 03 5 WAT 5 WAT Mar 04 5 WAT Mar 04 5 WAT Dec WAT a Nonionic surfactant was added to all treatments except Revolver at 0.25% (v/v). b Rates in parentheses are expressed as oz/a of product.
20 Table 2. Postemergence Winter Annual and Cool Season Perennial Broadleaf Weed Control with Sulfonylurea Herbicides Treatment a Ivyleaf speedwell Lawn burweed Mouseear chickweed White clover Yellow woodsorrel % Manor 99 (0.5) b (0.5) 100 (0.5) 99 (0.5) Monument 75WG 100 (0.33) 100 (0.47) 100 (0.33) 100 (0.33) 100 (0.33) - Revolver 0 (17) 0 (17) 62 (17) 81 (17) 9 (17) - TranXit GTA 0 (2) 98 (1) 100 (1) 100 (1) 0 (2) - LSD (0.05) Application date Evaluation interval Dec WAT Jan 04 Nov WAT 25 WAT Mar 04 5 WAT Dec WAT Apr 04 5 WAT a Nonionic surfactant was added to all treatments except Revolver at 0.25% (v/v). b Rates in parentheses are expressed as oz/a of product.
21 Table 3. Postemergence Warm Season Perennial Broadleaf Weed Control with Sulfonylurea Herbicides Treatment a Catsear dandelion Lawn pennywort Virginia buttonweed Wild violet % Manor 100 (0.33) b 93 (0.5) 75 (1) (0.75) Monument 75WG - 78 (0.33 1X) 94 (0.56) 100 (0.33 2X) 97 (0.47 2X) (0.47) Revolver (17) TranXit GTA (1) LSD (0.05) Application date Evaluation interval Apr 04 8 WAT Apr 04 8 WAT Jul 00 Jul WAT 62 WAT Jun 03 9 WAT a Nonionic surfactant added to all treatments except Revolver at 0.25% (v/v). b Rates in parentheses are expressed as oz/a of product.
22 Check Henbit, C. geranium Monument 0.33 oz + NIS Monument 0.56 oz + NIS Manor 0.5 oz + NIS
23 Manor 0.5 oz + NIS TranXit GTA 1 oz + NIS Revolver 17 oz Check Chickweeds, Facelis
24 Corn Speedwell Control with Monument 0.59 oz + NIS
25 TranXit GTA 2 oz + NIS Revolver 17 oz Ivyleaf Speedwell
26 Revolver 17 oz Monument 0.56 oz + NIS Lawn Burweed and Annual Bluegrass
27 Catsear Dandelion Manor 0.33 oz + NIS Check
28 Monument 75WG 0.33 oz + NIS 2X 1X Manor 0.5 oz + NIS Lawn Pennywort
29 NIS Manor 0.75 oz + NIS TranXit GTA 1 oz + Wild Violet
30 Certainty Weeds Controlled Annual and Perennial Broadleaf Species Henbit Lamium amplexicaule Common chickweed Stellaria media Lawn burweed Soliva pterosperma White clover Trifolium repens Shepherd s-purse Capsella bursapastoris Wild mustard Sinapis arvensis Mayweed chamomile Anthemus cotula
31 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass (Preemergence Control) Generally apply before Mar 15 Single or split applications (Split rates 8 weeks apart) Many Available Products benefin (Balan) benefin + trifluralin (Team Pro) bensulide (Betasan) dithiopyr (Dimension / Ultra) oxadiazon (Ronstar) no home use pendimethalin (Pre-M) prodiamine (Barricade 65WG)
32 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass (Preemergence Control) Generally apply before Mar 15 Single or split applications (Split rates 8 weeks apart) Rates (lb ai/a) Balan 3 Team Pro 3 Betasan 10 Dimension / Ultra 0.5 Ronstar (no home use) 3 Pre-M 3 Barricade 65WG 0.75
33 PRE Weed Management Strategies When Do Weeds Emerge? Applying PRE crabgrass herbicides early (January or sooner) usually will not affect the length of control, because the soil microbes that will eventually break down the herbicides are not active until soil temperatures increase. PRE crabgrass herbicides are effective for approximately 200 days once microbial activity begins.
34 % Control Goosegrass and Smooth Crabgrass Control ) LSD ( P = c bc ab a bc d b b a a a c Goosegrass Smooth crabgrass Hammerlock Plus 0.43G Barricade Plus 0.43G Lesco Prod. 65WG Syngenta Prod. 65WG Syngenta Prod. 4F Check (174 DAT) (175 DAT) All trts applied at 0.65 lb ai/a
35 % Control 100 Smooth Crabgrass Control in Tall Fescue 31 LSD ( P =.05) Single - Full Rate Split - Half Rate 2X Barricade 65WG Barricade 4F Dimension 1EC Dimen. Ultra 40WP Pre-M 60DF Pendulum 3.3EC Pend. Aqua Cap 3.8CS Pendulum 2G Surflan 4F Team Pro 0.86G Check (175 DAIT) Trt Dates: Mar 11 and
36 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass Preemergence Control Athletic Fields and High Traffic Areas Avoid dinitroaniline herbicides Balan, Team Pro, Pre-M, Barricade 65WG Root inhibitors (affect turfgrasses also) Heavy traffic can shear roots Avoid Dimension and Dimension Ultra also Options Ronstar G
37 Photo Taken St. Augustinegrass Nontreated St. Augustinegrass Barricade 65WG Spring, 2001 Clubbed roots
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