BSC 2010 Integrated Principles of Biology I

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1 BSC 2010 Integrated Principles of Biology I Spring Semester 2008 Section 0483: Period 2 Section 0485: Period 4 Section 0484: Period 6 Lecturers: Dr. Charlie Baer, Zoology Dr. Ben Bolker, Zoology Dr. Joan Herrera, Zoology Office: 3175 McCarty Office Hours: T/Th per 3 or by appt Phone: , herrera@zoo.ufl.edu Discussion Leader: Mollie Brooks Office: 616 Bartram mbrooks@zoo.ufl.edu Course Home Pages: Baer: TB Bolker: TB Herrera: dditional Help: Core Biology Office: Tangelyn Mitchell, 210 Carr Hall, Coordinator of Biological Sciences: Dr. Margaret Fields, , mfields@clas.ufl.edu Lectures Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Periods 2, 4, and 6. McCarty C 100 (MCC 100) Discussions Friday, Periods 2, 4, and 6. MCC 100 Textbook Campbell, et al., 7th Edition, "Biology"; you are responsible for using the correct edition. Copies on Reserve at the Marston Science Library: ask at the circulation desk. Examinations: ll machine-graded exam questions must be answered with a #2 pencil. NO MKE UP EXMS WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION. In case of illness, a note from your physician is required. personal matter requires a note from the Dean of Students (P202 Peabody Hall). NY MKE UP EXMS MY BE IN N ESSY FORMT. There are three noncumulative exams and a final which is cumulative. Each lecture exam is worth 100 points. Total points possible = 400. ll grades will be assessed on total of exam scores (out of 400 possible points). final grade of >90% is guaranteed an, >80% guaranteed a B, etc. We reserve the right to curve downward (i.e., be more generous). ny curve will be decided upon only FTER LL GRDES RE IN, so DO NOT SK US BOUT CURVE BEFORE THEN. NO EXTR CREDIT IS LLOWED. cademic Honesty: The Honor Code reads: We, the members of the University of Florida community, pledge to hold ourselves and our peers to the highest standards of honesty and integrity. You must sign your exam papers to confirm that you neither gave nor received unauthorized aid in taking the exam. EXMS WILL BE GIVEN ON THE FOLLOWING DTES. EXM TTENDNCE IS MNDTORY. Exam I: Friday, February 8, In Class Period McCarty C 100 (MCC 100) Exam II: Tuesday March 25, In Class Period - McCarty C 100 (MCC 100) Exam III: Wednesday pril 23, In Class Period - McCarty C 100 (MCC 100) Final according to UF schedule TB Many students experience test anxiety and other stress related problems. Self help guides for students are available through the Counseling Center (301 Peabody Hall, ) and at their website: Stress: For students with test anxiety or stress-related problems, self help guides are available at the Counseling Center, 301 Peabody , and at Note: ttendance is required. Makeup notes are not available. You are expected to be in class. You are responsible for all announcements made in lecture and/or posted on the class webpages. Exams are available for review for one week only after each exam. You may not review previous exams, other than the final, after the semester has ended. Challenges to exam questions must be submitted in writing within one week. Scantrons are not available for individual student review. There is no extra credit. Please do not request individual special treatment at the end of the semester because we do not adjust grades for individuals for NY reason. Plan to do well on all exams from the beginning of the semester. ll correspondence must be from your ufl.edu account, must have your full name in the body of the , and in the subject line you must identify the course in which you are enrolled. s not meeting these requirements may not be answered. 1

2 BSC 2010: Who m I? Dr. Joan Herrera Department of Zoology Office 3175 MCC Phone Office Hours: T/Th period 3 for the first five weeks of the semester. I will also have office hours M/F 8 9 in Carr 322 for the rest of the semester Marine Invertebrate Larval Ecologist PhD University of Florida, 1998 BSC 2010: Important Exam Stuff Four exams. 33 multiple choice questions per exam (100 points per exam). Maximum of 400 points for the course. Exams (except the final) are not cumulative, but concepts build on one another in the course and you are expected to have a basic high school background in biology, chemistry and algebra. There are extensive study guidelines on the class webpage. Class attendance is required and you are expected to check the webpage periodically. Please do not contact instructors asking for information that is regularly presented in class. Example: Where we are in the material and which chapters will be on the exam. BSC 2010: Exam Philosophy Lecture is emphasized, but also study the notes and read the text: Campbell & Reece 7 th Edition Biology Exams are based on lectures, notes and text, but with more emphasis on the lectures and notes. n requires that you demonstrate critical thinking skills. That is: you are able to apply concepts to synthesis questions on the exams. SK QUESTIONS before the exam is better than after. COME BY MY OFFICE but avoid the exam rush time. EMIL ME herrera@zoo.ufl.edu. I do respond to properly formatted s. 2

3 BSC 2010: Lecture Notes They are NOT intended to cover all the lecture, but to assist note-taking. They are not a substitute for coming to class or for taking notes. They have gaps; not all material is listed in the notes. Omissions provide an incentive to attend class and take your own notes. Study the notes along with the appropriate chapter in the text. Best Bet: ttend every class and pay attention. Use the notes, but don t completely rely on them. Keep up with your studies on an almost daily basis. Do not miss exams. Exam I Lectures and Text Pages I. Intro to Biology (2-29) II. Chemistry of Life Chemistry review (30-46) Water (47-57) Carbon (58-67) Macromolecules (68-91) III. Cells and Membranes Cell structure (92-123) Membranes ( ) IV. Introductory Biochemistry Energy and Metabolism ( ) Cellular Respiration ( ) Photosynthesis ( ) Relevance of Science to Your Everyday Life? 3

Irritability (5) Energy processing (4) Regulation Metabolism Homeostasis Figure 1.

4 Biology: The Study of Life Properties of Life: How do you know something is alive? Some properties of life (1) Order (2) Evolutionary adaptation (3) Response to the environment Irritability (5) Energy processing (4) Regulation Metabolism Homeostasis Figure 1.2 (6) Growth and development (7) Reproduction Properties of Life 8. Living things are made of cells. 9. Living things share a common genetic code. 4

1. Order: Hierarchy of Biological Organization Life is Ordered The hierarchy

Cells toms 10 µm 10 Molecules 7 Tissues 50 µm 6 Organs and organ systems

Metabolism: Energy Conversion, Chemical Rxns ctivities of life Require

5 1. Order: Hierarchy of Biological Organization Life is Ordered The hierarchy of life extends through many levels of biological organization From the biosphere through organisms Figure The biosphere From cells to molecules to atoms 9 Organelles 1 µm Cell 8 Cells toms 10 µm 10 Molecules 7 Tissues 50 µm 6 Organs and organ systems Figure Metabolism: Energy Conversion, Chemical Rxns ctivities of life Require organisms to perform work, which depends on an energy source. Molecules are taken apart for energy Catabolic Metabolism Molecules that makeup the cell are built from precursors. nabolic Metabolism 5

8. Closer Look at Cells The cell Is the lowest level of organization that can perform all activities required for life Figure 1.

main forms of cells Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Eukaryotic cells re subdivided by internal membranes into various membrane-enclosed organelles Prokaryotic cells Lack

6 8. Closer Look at Cells The cell Is the lowest level of organization that can perform all activities required for life Figure µm Two Main Forms of Cells ll cells share certain characteristics They are all enclosed by a membrane They all use DN as genetic information There are two main forms of cells Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Eukaryotic cells re subdivided by internal membranes into various membrane-enclosed organelles Prokaryotic cells Lack the kinds of membrane-enclosed organelles found in eukaryotic cells EUKRYOTIC CELL Membrane Cytoplasm PROKRYOTIC CELL DN (no nucleus) Membrane Figure 1.8 Organelles Nucleus (contains DN) 1 µm 6

9. The Cell s Heritable Information Cells contain chromosomes made partly of DN, the substance of genes Which program the cells production of proteins and transmit information from parents to

7 9. The Cell s Heritable Information Cells contain chromosomes made partly of DN, the substance of genes Which program the cells production of proteins and transmit information from parents to offspring Nuclei containing DN Sperm cell Figure 1.6 Egg cell Fertilized egg with DN from both parents Embyro s cells with copies of inherited DN Offspring with traits inherited from both parents The molecular structure of DN ccounts for it information-rich nature Nucleus DN Cell Nucleotide C T T C C G T G T Figure 1.7 (a) DN double helix. This model shows each atom in a segment of DN.Made up of two long chains of building blocks called nucleotides, a DN molecule takes the three-dimensional form of a double helix. (b) Single strand of DN. These geometric shapes and letters are simple symbols for the nucleotides in a small section of one chain of a DN molecule. Genetic information is encoded in specific sequences of the four types of nucleotides (their names are abbreviated here as, T, C, and G). Emergent Properties: Consequence of Order Biological systems are much more than the sum of their parts system Is a combination of components that form a more complex organization Due to increasing complexity New properties emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of biological order 7

system of broader and broader groups Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain Ursus americanus (merican black

8 Diversity is a hallmark of life: yet all life is related Figure 1.13 Grouping Species: The Basic Idea Taxonomy Is the branch of biology that names and Classifies species according to a system of broader and broader groups Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain Ursus americanus (merican black bear) Ursus Ursidae Carnivora Mammalia Chordata nimalia Figure 1.14 Eukarya The Three Domains of Life t the highest level, life is classified into three domains Bacteria rchaea Eukarya 8

Domain Bacteria and Domain rchaea Consist of prokaryotes Domain Eukarya, the eukaryotes Includes the various protist kingdoms and the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and nimalia Life s three domains

DOMIN RCHE Protists (multiple kingdoms) Kingdom Plantae consists of 100 µm are unicellular eukaryotes and multicellula eukaryotes that carry their relatively simple multicellular out photosynthesis,

9 Domain Bacteria and Domain rchaea Consist of prokaryotes Domain Eukarya, the eukaryotes Includes the various protist kingdoms and the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and nimalia Life s three domains Bacteria are the most diverse 4 µm and widespread prokaryotes and are now divided among multiple kingdoms. Each of the rod-shaped structures in this photo is a bacterial cell. DOMIN RCHE Protists (multiple kingdoms) Kingdom Plantae consists of 100 µm are unicellular eukaryotes and multicellula eukaryotes that carry their relatively simple multicellular out photosynthesis, the conversion relatives.pictured here is an assortment of of light energy to food. protists inhabiting pond water. Scientists are currently debating how to split the protists into several kingdoms that better represent evolution and diversity. Figure 1.15 Many of the prokaryotes known 0.5 µm as archaea live in Earth s extreme environments, such as salty lakes and boiling hot springs. Domain rchaea includes multiple kingdoms. The photo shows a colony composed of many cells. Kindom Fungi is defined in part by the nutritional mode of its members, such as this mushroom, which absorb nutrientsafter decomposing organic material. Kindom nimalia consists of multicellular eukaryotes that ingest other organisms. Unity in the Diversity of Life s diverse as life is There is also evidence of remarkable unity 15 µm Cilia of Paramecium. The cilia of Paramecium propel the cell through pond water. 1.0 µm 5 µm Cross section of cilium, as viewed with an electron microscope Cilia of windpipe cells. The cells that line the human windpipe are equipped with cilia that help keep the lungs clean by moving Figure 1.16 a film of debris-trapping mucus upward. 9

Welcome to AP BIOLOGY!!!! NOTES: Chapter 1 Exploring Life

Welcome to AP BIOLOGY!!!! NOTES: Chapter 1 Exploring Life The phenomenon we call life defies a simple, onesentence definition Exploring LIFE: We recognize life by what living things DO Some Properties