1.1 Characteristics of Life Block: Date:

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1 Biology 12 Name: 1.1 Characteristics of Life Block: Date: ization of Life (p. 3) Definition Cell Example Blood cell Tissue Muscle tissue Several tissues joined together to form a function system Circulatory system ism An individual living thing Population All the members of the same species that inhabit a particular area All fish in a lake Community Group of many populations that interact with each other All living species in that lake Ecosystem Biosphere The community and the non-living physical environment The thin layer of life that encircles the earth. The community in the lake plus the water, rocks, minerals, soil All the oceans, jungles an land where there is life

2 p. -5 General Characterization of Living Things 1. All living things require & materials to maintain Energy is the ability to do for, chemical, staying 2. All living things are homeostatic Homeostasis means stays the e.g. body, ph of, [O2] in 3. All living things respond to stimuli (information received by the ) The nervous system processes this information thus resulting in an action or. Behavior in animals is driven by minimizing, getting &. All living things reproduce thus passing on their. Genes control everything in an organism including all the chemical reactions in an organism ( ). 5. All living things (get bigger) & (change occurs during growth causing distinct stages). From conception to. 6. All living things are adapted modified bodies to suit their way of life (e.g. birds have bones & feathers for ) When species breed new variations of offspring occur if certain offspring are better equipped to survive then more of them will survive more of these offspring will reproduce thus their genes are passed on more often the species adapts to its surrounding environment

3 1.2 Classification of Living Things Taxonomy: the part of biology that describes & classifies organisms 3 Domains: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya Archaea and bacteria: unicellular prokaryotes; lack membrane bound nucleus o Structurally simple but can carry out complex metabolism o Bacteria found almost everywhere on earth o Archaea found in extreme environments (e.g. no oxygen, too salty, too acidic or too hot) Eukarya: contain a membrane bound nucleus The kingdoms of Life Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Examples Bacteria/cyanobacteria Classification of Humans Classification Category Description Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Multicellular, moves, ingests food Dorsal supporting rod and nerve cord Class Mammalia Order Primates Adapted to climb trees Family Hominidae Genus Homo Species Homo sapiens Body proportions of modern humans

4 Biology 12 Name: 1.1 Characteristics of Life Block: ization of Life (p. 3) Definition Cell Smallest structural & functional unit of life Example Blood cell Tissue A group of similar cells performing a function Muscle tissue Several tissues joined together to form a function heart system Several organs working together Circulatory system ism An individual living thing Human being Population All the members of the same species that inhabit a particular area All fish in a lake Community Group of many populations that interact with each other All living species in that lake Ecosystem Biosphere The community and the non-living physical environment The thin layer of life that encircles the earth. The community in the lake plus the water, rocks, minerals, soil All the oceans, jungles an land where there is life

5 General Characterization of Living Things (p.-5) 1. All living things require energy & materials to maintain life Energy is the ability to do work for movement, chemical reactions, staying warm 2. All living things are homeostatic Homeostasis means stays the same e.g. body temperature, ph of blood, [O2] in blood 3. All living things respond to stimuli (information received by the senses) The nervous system processes this information thus resulting in an action or behavior. Behavior in animals is driven by minimizing injury, getting food & reproduction. All living things reproduce thus passing on their genes. Genes control everything in an organism including all the chemical reactions in an organism (metabolism). 5. All living things grow (get bigger) & develop (change occurs during growth causing distinct stages). From conception to death. 6. All living things are adapted modified bodies to suit their way of life (e.g. birds have hollow bones & feathers for flying) When species breed new variations of offspring occur if certain offspring are better equipped to survive then more of them will survive more of these offspring will reproduce thus their genes are passed on more often the species adapts to its surrounding environment EVOLUTION

6 1.2 Classification of Living Things Taxonomy: the part of biology that describes & classifies organisms 3 Domains: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya Archaea and bacteria: unicellular prokaryotes; lack membrane bound nucleus o Structurally simple but can carry out complex metabolism o Bacteria found almost everywhere on earth o Archaea found in extreme environments (e.g. no oxygen, too salty, too acidic or too hot) Eukarya: contain a membrane bound nucleus The kingdoms of Life Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Examples Bacteria/cyanobacteria Paramecium/amoeba/slimemolds Molds/yeasts/mushrooms Mosses/ferns/trees/non-woody plants Invertebrates/fish/reptiles/birds/mammals Classification of Humans Classification Category Description Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates Family Hominidae Genus Homo Species Homo sapiens Cells with nuclei Multicellular, moves, ingests food Dorsal supporting rod and nerve cord Hair, mammary glands Adapted to climb trees Adapted to walk erect Large brain, tool use Body proportions of modern humans

7 HW Check Spread out Blank piece of paper No Text book Can use your notes Biology 12 Home work heck Name: Block: Date: 1. In your own words describe homeostasis. 2. Give an example of homeostasis that occurs in the human body (other than the one that is in your text book).

Classification of Living Things. Unit II pp 98

Classification of Living Things Unit II pp 98 Why There is a Need for Classifying There are over 2 million different types of organisms known. biologists can organize living things into groups. Taxonomy