Regulation of Signal Strength by Presynaptic Mechanisms
|
|
|
- Emory Alexander
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Regulation of Signal Strength by Presynaptic Mechanisms / 7.68: Core Class Sheng Lectures Presynaptic Mechanisms Nathan Wilson
2 Background / Theory
3 Background / Theory The Presynaptic Specialization
4 Background / Theory Presynaptic Characteristics of Interest
5 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
6 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
7 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
8 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
9 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
10 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
11
12 (At Least) Two Modes of Fusion
13 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
14 Clever Methods Method 1: Capacitance (Direct Sensing of Transmitter Release)
15 Capacitance Technique
16
17 Clever Methods Method 2: Amperometery (Direct Sensing of Transmitter Release)
18
19 Measurement of Fusion Modes via Amperometry
20
21 Clever Methods Method 3: FM Imaging (Fluorescent Staining of Active Vesicles)
22 A stimulation FM 1-43 ADVASEP-7 image 1 load 1 unload 1AP 480AP 10 min 2 load 30AP 10 min 2 unload 480AP high a 2 1 AP 30 AP c 4 F 1 F 2 low b 1 µm d B C D Relative F unloading time, sec Number of synapses F Number of synapses Pr F 1
23 Aravanis et al.,
24 Aravanis et al.,
25 Clever Methods Method 4: Synaptophluorins (ph-sensitive Visualization of Fusion Events)
26
27 Regulation Molecular Regulation of Fusion Process
28 Regulation of the Fusion Pore The rate of fusion pore expansion is regulated by: Intracellular Ca2+
29
30 Regulation of the Fusion Pore The rate of fusion pore expansion is regulated by: Intracellular Ca2+
31 Regulation of the Fusion Pore The rate of fusion pore expansion is regulated by: Intracellular Ca2+ Phorbol esters (e.g. PMA, via PKC pathway)
32
33 Regulation of the Fusion Pore The rate of fusion pore expansion is regulated by: Intracellular Ca2+ Phorbol esters (e.g. PMA, via PKC pathway)
34 Regulation of the Fusion Pore The rate of fusion pore expansion is regulated by: Intracellular Ca2+ Phorbol esters (e.g. PMA, via PKC pathway) Fusion pore open time is regulated by synaptotagmin I/IV dynamin
35 Regulation of the Fusion Pore The rate of fusion pore expansion is regulated by: Intracellular Ca2+ Phorbol esters (e.g. PMA, via PKC pathway) Fusion pore open time is regulated by synaptotagmin I/IV dynamin Shift of the mode of exocytosis to kiss-and-run by: High extracellular Ca2+ Staurosporine (kinase inhibitor) (?) Phorbol esters (e.g., PMA, PKC activator) Munc-13
36 Fusion pore can be regulated Carbon Fibre Amperometry ) Spikes from control nd phorbol ester MA)-treated cells; (B) spikes from control nontransfected and from Munc18(R39)-expressing cells; Catecholamines Chromaffin Cells
37
38 Regulation Molecular Regulation of Fusion Process
39 Regulation Implications for Synaptic Transmission
40 Quantal size is regulated by the fusion pore in small vesicles of dopaminergic neurons simple release Amperometry complex release µ dopamine ventral midbrain Staal, Mosharov, Sulzer
41 the Timecourse of Release of Neurotransmitter Quanta Concentration timecourse (normalized) 16 ms 100 pa DAR 100 ms 100 ms BA A R 200 pa MPAR 10 ms 50 pa
42 Regulation Implications for Synaptic Transmission
43 Regulation Implications for Development of Neural Networks
44 During Development of Neural Networks, Transmission Changes from Silent Type to Functional Immature: Silent Transmission Mature: Functional Synaptic Release Causes NMDA Receptor-Mediated Current Synaptic Release Causes (NMDA + AMPA Receptor-Mediated Current
45 During Development of Excitatory Signaling in ippocampal Circuits, Transmission Changes from a Slow, Silent Type, to a Fast, Functional Type Immature: Silent Transmission Mature: Functional Transmission Synaptic Release Causes NMDA Receptor-Mediated Current What s Different? Synaptic Release Causes (NMDA + AMPA Receptor-Mediated Current
46 Summary of presynaptic neurotransmitter release maturation I synaptic FM1-43 AMPA-quiet = restricted release Functional = unrestricted release
47
48 Early glutamatergic synapse exhibit silent transmission consisting mainly of NMDA currents.
49 Later in development, NMDA currents are joined by AMPA currents.
50
51
52 Regulation Implications for Development of Neural Networks
53 What is the Fusion Pore?
54 Brain Lunch ( ).ppt
55 What is the Fusion Pore?
56 Summary
57 Possible Explanations for Variability in a Synapse s Quantal Amplitude Nonniform olume Non- Uniform Filling Non- Uniform Flux Non- Uniform Alignment of Variable Numbe of Vesicles
58 Regulation of Signal Strength by Presynaptic Mechanisms / 7.68: Core Class Sheng Lectures Presynaptic Mechanisms Nathan Wilson
Imaging structural changes of exo- & endocytosis in live cells Imaging Structural Changes Vesicle Fusion and
Imaging structural changes of exo- & endocytosis in live cells Imaging Structural Changes Vesicle Fusion and Ling-Gang Wu Endocytosis National Institute of in Neurological Live Cells Disorders and Stroke,
Consider the following spike trains from two different neurons N1 and N2:
About synchrony and oscillations So far, our discussions have assumed that we are either observing a single neuron at a, or that neurons fire independent of each other. This assumption may be correct in
Synaptic dynamics. John D. Murray. Synaptic currents. Simple model of the synaptic gating variable. First-order kinetics
Synaptic dynamics John D. Murray A dynamical model for synaptic gating variables is presented. We use this to study the saturation of synaptic gating at high firing rate. Shunting inhibition and the voltage
Biosciences in the 21st century
Biosciences in the 21st century Lecture 1: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Dr. Michael Burger Outline: 1. Why neuroscience? 2. The neuron 3. Action potentials 4. Synapses 5. Organization of the nervous
Nervous Tissue. Neurons Neural communication Nervous Systems
Nervous Tissue Neurons Neural communication Nervous Systems What is the function of nervous tissue? Maintain homeostasis & respond to stimuli Sense & transmit information rapidly, to specific cells and
Compartmental Modelling
Modelling Neurons Computing and the Brain Compartmental Modelling Spring 2010 2 1 Equivalent Electrical Circuit A patch of membrane is equivalent to an electrical circuit This circuit can be described
13-3. Synthesis-Secretory pathway: Sort lumenal proteins, Secrete proteins, Sort membrane proteins
13-3. Synthesis-Secretory pathway: Sort lumenal proteins, Secrete proteins, Sort membrane proteins Molecular sorting: specific budding, vesicular transport, fusion 1. Why is this important? A. Form and
Nervous Tissue. Neurons Electrochemical Gradient Propagation & Transduction Neurotransmitters Temporal & Spatial Summation
Nervous Tissue Neurons Electrochemical Gradient Propagation & Transduction Neurotransmitters Temporal & Spatial Summation What is the function of nervous tissue? Maintain homeostasis & respond to stimuli
Math in systems neuroscience. Quan Wen
Math in systems neuroscience Quan Wen Human brain is perhaps the most complex subject in the universe 1 kg brain 10 11 neurons 180,000 km nerve fiber 10 15 synapses 10 18 synaptic proteins Multiscale
The debate on the kiss-and-run fusion at synapses
Review TRENDS in Neurosciences Vol.30 No.9 The debate on the kiss-and-run fusion at synapses Liming He and Ling-Gang Wu National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 35 Convent Drive, Bldg 35,
Neuroscience 201A Exam Key, October 7, 2014
Neuroscience 201A Exam Key, October 7, 2014 Question #1 7.5 pts Consider a spherical neuron with a diameter of 20 µm and a resting potential of -70 mv. If the net negativity on the inside of the cell (all
This script will produce a series of pulses of amplitude 40 na, duration 1ms, recurring every 50 ms.
9.16 Problem Set #4 In the final problem set you will combine the pieces of knowledge gained in the previous assignments to build a full-blown model of a plastic synapse. You will investigate the effects
Action Potentials and Synaptic Transmission Physics 171/271
Action Potentials and Synaptic Transmission Physics 171/271 Flavio Fröhlich (flavio@salk.edu) September 27, 2006 In this section, we consider two important aspects concerning the communication between
Introduction Principles of Signaling and Organization p. 3 Signaling in Simple Neuronal Circuits p. 4 Organization of the Retina p.
Introduction Principles of Signaling and Organization p. 3 Signaling in Simple Neuronal Circuits p. 4 Organization of the Retina p. 5 Signaling in Nerve Cells p. 9 Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neurons
Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY POWERPOINT
POWERPOINT LECTURE SLIDE PRESENTATION by LYNN CIALDELLA, MA, MBA, The University of Texas at Austin Additional text by J Padilla exclusively for physiology at ECC UNIT 2 8 Neurons: PART A Cellular and
CAPS-1 and CAPS-2 Are Essential Synaptic Vesicle Priming Proteins
CAPS-1 and CAPS-2 Are Essential Synaptic Vesicle Priming Proteins Wolf J. Jockusch, 1 Dina Speidel, 1,3 Albrecht Sigler, 2,4 Jakob B. Sørensen, 2 Frederique Varoqueaux, 1 Jeong-Seop Rhee, 1, * and Nils
3 Detector vs. Computer
1 Neurons 1. The detector model. Also keep in mind this material gets elaborated w/the simulations, and the earliest material is often hardest for those w/primarily psych background. 2. Biological properties
Physiology Unit 2. MEMBRANE POTENTIALS and SYNAPSES
Physiology Unit 2 MEMBRANE POTENTIALS and SYNAPSES Neuron Communication Neurons are stimulated by receptors on dendrites and cell bodies (soma) Ligand gated ion channels GPCR s Neurons stimulate cells
Chapter 9. Nerve Signals and Homeostasis
Chapter 9 Nerve Signals and Homeostasis A neuron is a specialized nerve cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system. Neural signaling communication by neurons is the process by which an animal
Neuron. Detector Model. Understanding Neural Components in Detector Model. Detector vs. Computer. Detector. Neuron. output. axon
Neuron Detector Model 1 The detector model. 2 Biological properties of the neuron. 3 The computational unit. Each neuron is detecting some set of conditions (e.g., smoke detector). Representation is what
Nervous Systems: Neuron Structure and Function
Nervous Systems: Neuron Structure and Function Integration An animal needs to function like a coherent organism, not like a loose collection of cells. Integration = refers to processes such as summation
Molecular biology of neural communication
Molecular biology of neural communication One picture - two information Where do I feel the pain? Real and Virtual Consciousness Almost all neural process is pervaded by the consciousness We not only perceive
Integration of synaptic inputs in dendritic trees
Integration of synaptic inputs in dendritic trees Theoretical Neuroscience Fabrizio Gabbiani Division of Neuroscience Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston, TX 77030 e-mail:gabbiani@bcm.tmc.edu
Membrane Potentials, Action Potentials, and Synaptic Transmission. Membrane Potential
Cl Cl - - + K + K+ K + K Cl - 2/2/15 Membrane Potentials, Action Potentials, and Synaptic Transmission Core Curriculum II Spring 2015 Membrane Potential Example 1: K +, Cl - equally permeant no charge
Nerve Signal Conduction. Resting Potential Action Potential Conduction of Action Potentials
Nerve Signal Conduction Resting Potential Action Potential Conduction of Action Potentials Resting Potential Resting neurons are always prepared to send a nerve signal. Neuron possesses potential energy
The Neuron - F. Fig. 45.3
excite.org(anism): Electrical Signaling The Neuron - F. Fig. 45.3 Today s lecture we ll use clickers Review today 11:30-1:00 in 2242 HJ Patterson Electrical signals Dendrites: graded post-synaptic potentials
Organization of the nervous system. Tortora & Grabowski Principles of Anatomy & Physiology; Page 388, Figure 12.2
Nervous system Organization of the nervous system Tortora & Grabowski Principles of Anatomy & Physiology; Page 388, Figure 12.2 Autonomic and somatic efferent pathways Reflex arc - a neural pathway that
DISCOVERIES OF MACHINERY REGULATING VESICLE TRAFFIC, A MAJOR TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN OUR CELLS. Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Medicine 2013
DISCOVERIES OF MACHINERY REGULATING VESICLE TRAFFIC, A MAJOR TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN OUR CELLS Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Medicine 2013 Daniela Scalet 6/12/2013 The Nobel Prize in Medicine
Control and Integration. Nervous System Organization: Bilateral Symmetric Animals. Nervous System Organization: Radial Symmetric Animals
Control and Integration Neurophysiology Chapters 10-12 Nervous system composed of nervous tissue cells designed to conduct electrical impulses rapid communication to specific cells or groups of cells Endocrine
Structure and Measurement of the brain lecture notes
Structure and Measurement of the brain lecture notes Marty Sereno 2009/2010!"#$%&'(&#)*%$#&+,'-&.)"/*"&.*)*-'(0&1223 Neurons and Models Lecture 1 Topics Membrane (Nernst) Potential Action potential/voltage-gated
Nervous System Organization
The Nervous System Nervous System Organization Receptors respond to stimuli Sensory receptors detect the stimulus Motor effectors respond to stimulus Nervous system divisions Central nervous system Command
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
I. The model for vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis at synapses Figure S1. Modification of the current model on exocytosis and endocytosis at synapses a, The current view. b, Modification of the current
Neurophysiology. Danil Hammoudi.MD
Neurophysiology Danil Hammoudi.MD ACTION POTENTIAL An action potential is a wave of electrical discharge that travels along the membrane of a cell. Action potentials are an essential feature of animal
Modeling the role of lateral membrane diffusion in AMPA receptor trafficking along a spiny dendrite
Modeling the role of lateral membrane diffusion in AMPA receptor trafficking along a spiny dendrite Paul C. Bressloff Berton A. Earnshaw Department of Mathematics, University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah
لجنة الطب البشري رؤية تنير دروب تميزكم
1) Hyperpolarization phase of the action potential: a. is due to the opening of voltage-gated Cl channels. b. is due to prolonged opening of voltage-gated K + channels. c. is due to closure of the Na +
The fusion pore, 60 years after the first cartoon
REVIEW ARTICLE The fusion pore, 60 years after the first cartoon Satyan Sharma 1 and Manfred Lindau 1,2 1 Laboratory for Nanoscale Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, G ottingen,
Quantitative Electrophysiology
ECE 795: Quantitative Electrophysiology Notes for Lecture #4 Wednesday, October 4, 2006 7. CHEMICAL SYNAPSES AND GAP JUNCTIONS We will look at: Chemical synapses in the nervous system Gap junctions in
Exercise 15 : Cable Equation
Biophysics of Neural Computation : Introduction to Neuroinformatics WS 2008-2009 Prof. Rodney Douglas, Kevan Martin, Hans Scherberger, Matthew Cook Ass. Frederic Zubler fred@ini.phys.ethz.ch http://www.ini.uzh.ch/
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Amygdaloid complex and evoked synaptic currents recorded in CeM amygdala neurons.
Supplementary Figure 1 Amygdaloid complex and evoked synaptic currents recorded in CeM amygdala neurons. (a) Left: Schematic representation (modified from: Allen Brain Atlas) of coronal sections containing
Nervous system. 3 Basic functions of the nervous system !!!! !!! 1-Sensory. 2-Integration. 3-Motor
Nervous system 3 Basic functions of the nervous system 1-Sensory 2-Integration 3-Motor I. Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain Spinal Cord I. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) 2) Afferent towards afferent
Microsystems for Neuroscience and Medicine. Lecture 9
1 Microsystems for Neuroscience and Medicine Lecture 9 2 Neural Microsystems Neurons - Structure and behaviour Measuring neural activity Interfacing with neurons Medical applications - DBS, Retinal Implants
Receptors and Ion Channels
Receptors and Ion Channels Laurie Kellaway Senior Lecturer Department of Human Biology Laurie@curie.uct.ac.za Tel. +27 +21 4066 271 What are the two types of Neurotransmitter receptors Ionotropic receptors
CSE/NB 528 Final Lecture: All Good Things Must. CSE/NB 528: Final Lecture
CSE/NB 528 Final Lecture: All Good Things Must 1 Course Summary Where have we been? Course Highlights Where do we go from here? Challenges and Open Problems Further Reading 2 What is the neural code? What
NEURONS Excitable cells Therefore, have a RMP Synapse = chemical communication site between neurons, from pre-synaptic release to postsynaptic
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY NOTES L1 WHAT IS NEUROPHYSIOLOGY? NEURONS Excitable cells Therefore, have a RMP Synapse = chemical communication site between neurons, from pre-synaptic release to postsynaptic receptor
Basic elements of neuroelectronics -- membranes -- ion channels -- wiring. Elementary neuron models -- conductance based -- modelers alternatives
Computing in carbon Basic elements of neuroelectronics -- membranes -- ion channels -- wiring Elementary neuron models -- conductance based -- modelers alternatives Wiring neurons together -- synapses
How do synapses transform inputs?
Neurons to networks How do synapses transform inputs? Excitatory synapse Input spike! Neurotransmitter release binds to/opens Na channels Change in synaptic conductance! Na+ influx E.g. AMA synapse! Depolarization
Physiology Unit 2. MEMBRANE POTENTIALS and SYNAPSES
Physiology Unit 2 MEMBRANE POTENTIALS and SYNAPSES In Physiology Today Ohm s Law I = V/R Ohm s law: the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the
Chapter 37 Active Reading Guide Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Name: AP Biology Mr. Croft Section 1 1. What is a neuron? Chapter 37 Active Reading Guide Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 2. Neurons can be placed into three groups, based on their location and function.
Introduction to CNS neurobiology: focus on retina
Introduction to CNS neurobiology: focus on retina September 27, 2017 The retina is part of the CNS Calloway et al., 2009) 1 Retinal circuits: neurons and synapses Rods and Cones Bipolar cells Horizontal
Dendritic computation
Dendritic computation Dendrites as computational elements: Passive contributions to computation Active contributions to computation Examples Geometry matters: the isopotential cell Injecting current I
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
9 Generation of Action Potential Hodgkin-Huxley Model
9 Generation of Action Potential Hodgkin-Huxley Model (based on chapter 12, W.W. Lytton, Hodgkin-Huxley Model) 9.1 Passive and active membrane models In the previous lecture we have considered a passive
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
Purpose: Perception, Movement, Learning, Memory, Thinking, Communication Functions:
Nervous System Purpose: Perception, Movement, Learning, Memory, Thinking, Communication Functions: Sensory Input: Obtaining stimulation from the environment (light, heat, pressure, vibration, chemical,
The neuron as a secretory cell
The neuron as a secretory cell EXOCYTOSIS ENDOCYTOSIS The secretory pathway. Transport and sorting of proteins in the secretory pathway occur as they pass through the Golgi complex before reaching the
Lecture 12: Electroanalytical Chemistry (I)
Lecture 12: Electroanalytical Chemistry (I) 1 Electrochemistry Electrochemical processes are oxidation-reduction reactions in which: Chemical energy of a spontaneous reaction is converted to electricity
Stochastic Model of Central Synapses: Slow Diffusion of Transmitter Interacting with Spatially Distributed Receptors and Transporters
J. theor. Biol. (1999) 198, 11 12 Article No. jtbi.1999.95, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Stochastic Model of Central Synapses: Slow Diffusion of Transmitter Interacting with Spatially
Synapses. Electrophysiology and Vesicle release
Synapses Electrophysiology and Vesicle release Major point Cell theory (cells being separated) implies that cells must communicate with each other through extracellular connections most communication is
Neurophysiology. + = Na + - = Cl - Proteins HOW? HOW?
All animal cells have electric potential differences (voltages) across plasma s only electrically excitable cells can respond with APs Luigi Galvani (1791) Animal electricity Electrical fluid passed through
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Concept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer Neurons are nerve cells that transfer information within the body Neurons
Physiology 2 nd year. Neuroscience Optional Lecture
Academic year 2018/2019 Physiology 2 nd year Semester 1 Curricula Nervous system physiology Blood physiology Acid-base equilibrium Bibliography: Boron & Boulpaep Medical Physiology, 3 rd edition Physiology
Propagation& Integration: Passive electrical properties
Fundamentals of Neuroscience (NSCS 730, Spring 2010) Instructor: Art Riegel; email: Riegel@musc.edu; Room EL 113; time: 9 11 am Office: 416C BSB (792.5444) Propagation& Integration: Passive electrical
What I do. (and what I want to do) Berton Earnshaw. March 1, Department of Mathematics, University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
What I do (and what I want to do) Berton Earnshaw Department of Mathematics, University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 March 1, 2008 Current projects What I do AMPA receptor trafficking Synaptic plasticity
Diffusion-based Model for Synaptic Molecular Communication Channel
1 Diffusion-based Model for Synaptic Molecular Communication Channel Tooba Khan, Student Member, IEEE, Bilgesu A. Bilgin, Member, IEEE, and Ozgur B. Akan, Fellow, IEEE Abstract Computational methods have
Quantum stochasticity and neuronal computations
Institute for Clinical Neuroanatomy Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie J.-W. Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main Quantum stochasticity and neuronal computations Peter Jedlička, MD Definition A stochastic
PROPERTY OF ELSEVIER SAMPLE CONTENT - NOT FINAL. The Nervous System and Muscle
The Nervous System and Muscle SECTION 2 2-1 Nernst Potential 2-2 Resting Membrane Potential 2-3 Axonal Action Potential 2-4 Neurons 2-5 Axonal Conduction 2-6 Morphology of Synapses 2-7 Chemical Synaptic
Sophisticated Synapses: Modeling Synaptic Modulation by Astrocytes Suhita Nadkarni
Sophisticated Synapses: Modeling Synaptic Modulation by Astrocytes Suhita Nadkarni Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Simple vs Complex Synapses are immensely complex - a large number
Cells. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Cells Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Microscopy Methods of histology: Treat the tissue with a preservative (e.g. formaldehyde). Dissect the region of interest. Embed
Resting Distribution of Ions in Mammalian Neurons. Outside Inside (mm) E ion Permab. K Na Cl
Resting Distribution of Ions in Mammalian Neurons Outside Inside (mm) E ion Permab. K + 5 100-81 1.0 150 15 +62 0.04 Cl - 100 10-62 0.045 V m = -60 mv V m approaches the Equilibrium Potential of the most
Neural Circuits Underlie Brain Function
Neural Circuits Underlie Brain Function interneuron interneuron pyramidal neurons Neural Circuits Underlie Brain Function interneuron interneuron pyramidal neurons Synapses: the basic computational units
Imaging single synaptic vesicles undergoing repeated fusion events: kissing, running, and kissing again
Neuropharmacology 45 (2003) 797 813 www.elsevier.com/locate/neuropharm Imaging single synaptic vesicles undergoing repeated fusion events: kissing, running, and kissing again A.M. Aravanis a,b, J.L. Pyle
A dynamical system-markov model for active postsynaptic responses of muscle spindle afferent nerve
Article Biophysics February 2013 Vol.58 No.6: 603612 doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5562-8 A dynamical system-markov model for active postsynaptic responses of muscle spindle afferent nerve CHEN Xing & YIN YueHong
Mathematical Foundations of Neuroscience - Lecture 3. Electrophysiology of neurons - continued
Mathematical Foundations of Neuroscience - Lecture 3. Electrophysiology of neurons - continued Filip Piękniewski Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
BIOLOGY. 1. Overview of Neurons 11/3/2014. Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling. Communication in Neurons
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION 48 Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick 1. Overview of Neurons Communication
Neurophysiology Notes
Neurophysiology Notes Lecture 1: The brain consists of oligodendrocytes (myelinating cell), axon initial segments, soma (cell body), myelin sheath, microglia (macrophage derived- immune cells of the brain-repair
MEMBRANE POTENTIALS AND ACTION POTENTIALS:
University of Jordan Faculty of Medicine Department of Physiology & Biochemistry Medical students, 2017/2018 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Review: Membrane physiology
R7.3 Receptor Kinetics
Chapter 7 9/30/04 R7.3 Receptor Kinetics Professional Reference Shelf Just as enzymes are fundamental to life, so is the living cell s ability to receive and process signals from beyond the cell membrane.
Regulation of Vesicle Docking, Priming, and Fusion by Synaptotagmin. Zhao Wang. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of
Regulation of Vesicle Docking, Priming, and Fusion by Synaptotagmin By Zhao Wang A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy (Cellular and Molecular
Neurons. The Molecular Basis of their Electrical Excitability
Neurons The Molecular Basis of their Electrical Excitability Viva La Complexity! Consider, The human brain contains >10 11 neurons! Each neuron makes 10 3 (average) synaptic contacts on up to 10 3 other
TRANSMITTER RELEASE AT THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
TRANSMITTER RELEASE AT THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION Thomas L. Schwarz Program in Neurobiology, Children s Hospital and Department of Neurobiology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Eighth Edition Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp and Janette Lewis Copyright
Biological membranes and bioelectric phenomena
Lectures on Medical Biophysics Dept. Biophysics, Medical faculty, Masaryk University in Brno Biological membranes and bioelectric phenomena A part of this lecture was prepared on the basis of a presentation
Connecting Epilepsy and Alzheimer s Disease: A Computational Modeling Framework
Connecting Epilepsy and Alzheimer s Disease: A Computational Modeling Framework Péter Érdi perdi@kzoo.edu Henry R. Luce Professor Center for Complex Systems Studies Kalamazoo College http://people.kzoo.edu/
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Application of density estimation methods to quantal analysis
Application of density estimation methods to quantal analysis Koichi Yoshioka Tokyo Medical and Dental University Summary There has been controversy for the quantal nature of neurotransmission of mammalian
Munc13 C 2 B domain is an activity-dependent Ca 2+ regulator of synaptic exocytosis
Munc C B domain is an activity-dependent Ca regulator of synaptic exocytosis Ok-Ho Shin,,, Jun Lu,,, Jeong-Seop Rhee,4,,, Diana R Tomchick, Zhiping P Pang,5, Sonja M Wojcik 6, Marcial Camacho-Perez 4,7,
Information processing. Divisions of nervous system. Neuron structure and function Synapse. Neurons, synapses, and signaling 11/3/2017
Neurons, synapses, and signaling Chapter 48 Information processing Divisions of nervous system Central nervous system (CNS) Brain and a nerve cord Integration center Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Nerves
Channels can be activated by ligand-binding (chemical), voltage change, or mechanical changes such as stretch.
1. Describe the basic structure of an ion channel. Name 3 ways a channel can be "activated," and describe what occurs upon activation. What are some ways a channel can decide what is allowed to pass through?
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK IT 0469 NEURAL NETWORKS
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK IT 0469 NEURAL NETWORKS Elementary Neuro Physiology Neuron: A neuron nerve cell is an electricallyexcitable cell that processes and transmits information
Post Translational Modulation and Regulation of Glutamate Transporters
Poonam Balani Post Translational Modulation and Regulation of Glutamate Transporters -2005- Biochemie Post Translational Modulation and Regulation of Glutamate Transporters Inaugural-Dissertation zur
Diffusion-activation model of CaMKII translocation waves in dendrites
Diffusion-activation model of CaMKII translocation waves in dendrites Paul Bressloff Berton Earnshaw Department of Mathematics University of Utah June 2, 2009 Bressloff, Earnshaw (Utah) Diffusion-activation
Neurophysiology. I. Background. A. Cell Types 1. Neurons 2. Glia. B. Subtypes 1. Differ based on their structure, chemistry and function
Neurophysiology I. Background A. Cell Types 1. Neurons 2. Glia B. Subtypes 1. Differ based on their structure, chemistry and function C. Relative distribution 1. 100 billion neurons (give or take 100 million)
Supplementary Information
Two modes of fusion pore openings revealed by cell-attached recordings at a synapse Liming He, Xinsheng Wu, Raja Mohan and Ling-Gang Wu National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 35 Convent
Two Dimensional Coaxial Circular Elements in FEM to Study Calcium Diffusion in Neuron Cells
Applied Mathematical Sciences, Vol. 6, 2012, no. 10, 455-466 Two Dimensional Coaxial Circular Elements in FEM to Study Calcium Diffusion in Neuron Cells Amrita Tripathi and Neeru Adlakha Department of
How Does Synaptotagmin Trigger Neurotransmitter Release?
ANNUAL REVIEWS Further Click here for quick links to Annual Reviews content online, including: Other articles in this volume Top cited articles Top downloaded articles rehensive search Annu. Rev. Biochem.
Neurons and Nervous Systems
34 Neurons and Nervous Systems Concept 34.1 Nervous Systems Consist of Neurons and Glia Nervous systems have two categories of cells: Neurons, or nerve cells, are excitable they generate and transmit electrical
SI Methods Neuronal Culture Preparation and Stimulation.
SI Methods Neuronal Culture Preparation and Stimulation. Dissociated hippocampal cell culture was prepared as described in ref. 1. Briefly, rats were killed on postnatal day 0-1, hippocamppi dissected,
Nobel Lecture. The Principle of Membrane Fusion in the Cell. James E. Rothman Yale University. Karolinska Institutet Stockholm December 7, 2013
Nobel Lecture James E. Rothman Yale University The Principle of Membrane Fusion in the Cell Karolinska Institutet Stockholm December 7, 2013 Stockholm 10:32 am October 7, 2013 Dr. Göran Hansson Manhattan
Outline. Neural dynamics with log-domain integrator circuits. Where it began Biophysics of membrane channels
Outline Neural dynamics with log-domain integrator circuits Giacomo Indiveri Neuromorphic Cognitive Systems group Institute of Neuroinformatics niversity of Zurich and ETH Zurich Dynamics of Multi-function
Nervous System Organization
The Nervous System Chapter 44 Nervous System Organization All animals must be able to respond to environmental stimuli -Sensory receptors = Detect stimulus -Motor effectors = Respond to it -The nervous