Journal of Zhejiang University( Humanities and Social Sciences)

Transcription

1 ( ) Journal of Zhejiang University( Humanities and Social Sciences) Vol. 36, No. 3 May 2006 : 1, 2 (1., ; 2., ) [ ],,,, ;,, [ ] ; ; ; ; [ ] C ; F [ ] A [ ] X(2006) , :, :,,,, 2004,, 21,,,, :,, [1-2 ] ;,,, [3 ] ;, [ 4 ], 3,,, ;, [ ] [ ]http :// www. journals. zju. edu. cn/ soc [ ] ( ) ; (04ZD012) [ ] 1. (1967 ),,,,, ; 2. (1976 ),,,,,

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8 3, : 115 [ 3 ]. [J ].,2002, (8) : [ 4 ]. [J ].,2003, (3) : [ 5 ]. : [J ].,2005, (5) : [ 6 ].? [ EB/ OL ]. http :/ / news3. xinhuanet. com/ newscenter, / [ 7 ],,,. [ EB/ OL ]. http :/ / news3. xinhuanet. com/ newscenter, / The Social Endo wment Insurance System f or Peasant2Workers : Dilemma and Theoretical Analysis YAN G Cui2ying 1, GUO Jin2feng 2 (1. Center of A gricultural and Rural Development, Zhej iang University, Hangz hou , China; 2. Teaching & Research Section of Business Management, Party School of J iangxi, Nanchang , China) Abstract : The social endowment insurance system for peasant2workers ( SEISPW), which sho uld play it s role in ensuring numero us Chinese peasant2worker s pensio n after t heir retirement, is operatio nal in t hree different modes adopted in Guangdo ng and Shenzhen, Beijing, and Shanghai respectively. However, t he p ractice of t hese t hree modes is far f ro m being ideal. Limited coverage and low attendance are t he main common problems. Operationally, these problems are caused by t he co nflicting at tit udes adop ted by t he government and by enterp rises and peasant2workers : t he former is active, while t he latter are passive. Specifically, t he government has paid more attention to t he SEISPW, given t he different needs to cultivate labor market, to maintain social stability, and to solve t he p roblems about agricult ure, rural areas and farmers. On t he co nt rary, enterp rises t hink t hat social securit y is not good for increasing t heir competitiveness which, coupled with the pitfalls in t he social security management and prevalent local protectionism, has discouraged t hem from showing an active attit ude towards t he SEISPW. Meanwhile, due to numero us factor s affecting t he solving of co nt radictio ns between moveable employment of peasant2worker s and stable requirement for endowment insurance, peasant2workers do not show much interest in the SEISPW established by the government for them. In ot her words, t he dilemma can be summed up as follow s : fir stly, insurance p remium should be paid regularly while peasant2workers usually do not have lifetime occupation, and often change t heir jobs or cities where t hey work, or bot h. Secondly, t he supply of a large amount of p remium seems to be impo ssible. Thirdly, it is hard for peasant2worker s to t ransfer insurance since t here is much difference in coverage and p remium ratio in different localities. Fo urt hly, peasant2workers benefit s gained f rom social securities could be bot h retained and disappear partly, because t he endowment insurance at p resent is operated in a relatively clo sed environment. Fift hly, absence of effective comp uterized information system makes it even more difficult to coo rdinate different insurance instit utio ns. To resolve t he above2mentio ned dilemma, it is necessary to establish t he SEISPW in the long run and carry it out in a safe and steady way.

9 116 ( ) 36 So, to break down t he instit utional and conceptual barriers is t he first thing to do. At the same time, to perfect bot h t he basic social pensio n insurance for employees (BSPIE) and t he rural social pensio n insurance ( RSPI) is t he basis o n which to t ransfer insurance for peasant2workers. Seco ndly, it is necessary to reform t he SEISPW in acco unt s management, pensio n allocating, etc., by taking acco unt of moveable employment and low inco me, which characterize peasant2 worker s. And last, to create a good social enviro nment will co nt ribute a great deal to t he implementatio n of SEISPW, such as coordinating insurance management in urban and rural areas, strengt hening t he information system and enforcing t he law. Key words : endowment insurance ;peasant2worker ;social security ;operational dilemma ;theoretical reasons (, ) 20 80,, ( ),,, ;,, 19,,, :,,,, ( ) ( ),,, 1949, / =,,,,,, 19, :,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,