GEO GRAPHICAL RESEARCH

Transcription

1 GEO GRAPHICAL RESEARCH Vol. 22, No. 5 Sept., , 2 (11 ; 21, ) :, 1978,, 20,, : ; ; ; ; : F12919 ; F127 : (2003) ,,,,,,, :, [1 ], ,,, , 1973,, 1978,,,, %, 1212 % : ( ) ; ( ),,, : ; : : ( KZCX22307) : (19472),, ( )

2 532 22,, , , () [2 ], ( ),,,, 20,,,, 21 20,,,,,, [3,4 ] 1999,,,,,,,,, 2 Extended Metropolitan Region, 1990 [5 9 ] Mc Gee1995, [10 ], : (3 000 ), (600 ), (1 000 ), (1 ) (3 000 ) 66 %,,, 1980,, :,

3 5 : 533,,,,,, [9 ],,,,, % ; 7618 % ; 7416 % ; GDP 3711 % ; FDI 4618 % (1 565km 2 ), 6 193km , %, 83 %, 64 %, 23 %,, : ( Producer Services), R & D,,,,, [9,11 13 ],,,,,,,,,, Choe (1998) :,, [14 ],,,, :, ; ;,,

4 534 22, GDP(),,,,, / Gottmann 1961 (Megalopolis) [15 ],,,,, :, km, 3 000, 200 GDP, GDP 1 000,,, (),,, [16 ],,,,,,,, 3,,,, 9, km 2,,,,, :,,,,,, ( 1),, ( ), : ( ), ;,, (Regional Urbanization) ;,, ;,

5 5 : 535, ;, ; ; ;, 1 Tab11 Extent of the Three Extended Metropolitan Regions of China +,,,, (+ ),,,, (24 3 ) ( ) Tab12 Economic position of the Three Extended Metropolitan Regions in China in 1994 ( excluding Hong Kong & Macau) % % % % ( km 2 ) ( ) ( ) GDP () ( ) () () ( ) ( ) ( kwh) ( ) GDP ( ) ( / km 2 ) ( %) :.,,,,,

6 536 22, Tab13 Economic position of the Three Extended Metropolitan Regions in China in 1999 GDP (km 2 ) () () () ( ) ( ) (3118 %) (3116 %) (9516 %) ( %) , 758. GDP. : , km 2, 150km, , 959 / km 2, (), 1 000, 504 / km 2 GDP, 1 000, GDP, %, 5016 % GDP 40 %, 2811 %, 9912 % 3,,, 1999 :,, ( GDP) 500,,,,,,,,,, , 1999 GDP 1 000,,,,,,

7 5 : 537,,,, 10 km 2, ( ) 1980, 2,,, GDP 9516 % [7,18 ] 4? GDP 25 % WTO,, 20,,,,, 20, : 73 %, 73 %, 1124 % 7153 % 30 %GDP,,,, : ,,?,,, 2,,,, ( ) 20,, [19,20 ] 1999, GDP 2112 %, 5619 %, 6017 %,,,,,

8 538 22?,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 11 ; 21, ; 31, 11 ; 21 ; 31,,,, ; 41,,, 11,,,,, ; 21, ; 31, ; 41,, 5, : (1) 20,,,

9 5 : 539, (2),,,,, (3),,,, (), ( 1 ) (4),, : [ 1 ], 1 1 :, :, [ 2 ],1 1 :, :, [ 3 ] 1 1 :,, 1 1, [ 4 ], 1 1 :1,19981 [ 5 ] Ginsberg N1 Extended metropolitan regions in Asia : a new spatial paradigm1in : Ginsberg N, Koppel B, Mc Gee T G (eds1). 451 The Extended Met ropolis : Settlement Transition in Asia. Honolulu : University of Hawaii Press [ 6 ] Mc Gee T G1 The emergence of Desakota regions in Asia : expanding a hypothesis1in : Ginsberg N, Koppel B, Mc Gee T G (eds1). 251 The Extended Met ropolis : Settlement Transition in Asia. Honolulu : University of Hawaii Press [ 7 ] Chakraborty S C1 Extended metropolitan areas : a key to understanding urban process in India. In : Ginsberg N, Kopped B, Mc Gee T1G1(eds1) 1 The Extended Metropolis : Settlement Transition in Asia. Honolulu : University of Hawaii Press [ 8 ] Webster D1 Mega2urbanization in ASEAN1In : Mc Gee & I1M1 Robinson (eds1) 1 The Mega2Urban Regions of South2 east Asia. Vancouver : UBC Press, [ 9 ] Sit, V1F1S1 ( ) 1Mega2city, extended metropolitan region, Desakota, and exo2urbanization : an introduction. Asian Geographer, 1996, 15 ( 1 2) :1 141 [10 ] Mc Gee T G1Metrofitting in emerging mega2urban region in ASEAN : an overview1in : Mc Gee & I1M1 Robinson (eds1) 1 The Mega2Urban Regions of Southeast Asia. Vancouver : UBC Press, [ 11 ] Sit, V1F1S1 ( ), Yang C1 Foreign2investment2induced exo2urbanization in the Pearl River Delta1 U rban St ud2 ies, (4) : [ 12 ] Sit, V1F1S1 ( ) 1Globalization, Foreign Direct Investment, and Urbanization in Developing Countries ( in press) 1 [ 13 ] Soegijoko B T S1 Impact of strengthening in international urban linkage : the case of Jabotabeck, Indonesia1Planning Re2 port, National Development Planning Agency, Republic of Indonesia, 19961(unpublished) 1

10 [ 14 ] Choe, Sang2chuel1Urban Corridors in Pacific Asia1In : Fu2chen Lo & Yue2man Yeung (eds1) 1 Emerging World Cities in Asia Pacif ic, Tokyo : UNU Press, [ 15 ] Gottmann J1Megalopolis : The Urbanized Northeastern Seaboard of the United States. New York : K1I1P1, [ 16 ], ( ) 1 1 :, [ 17 ] Sit, V1F1S1 ( ) and Yang C1 Integration of the socialist market economy and world markets : foreign investment in the Pearl River Delta1 Asian Prof ile, 1995,23 (1) : [ 18 ] 1 1 :, :, [ 19 ] 1 : 1, 2000,71 : [ 20 ] 1 1 :, :, Formation and development strategies of China s Extended Metropolitan Regions V1F1S1 SIT 1, CAI Jian2ming 2 (11 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,China ; 21 The Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing , China) Abstract : In contemporary China, cities on major river deltas along its Pacific coast have e2 merged as the fastest growing urban centers1 After the opening up and reform of 1978,the de2 velopment of t hose cities became even more st riking comparing wit h ot her Chinese cities1around such key centers as Beijing2Tianjin, Shanghai, and Hong Kong, new mega ur2 ban regions,i. e., the Extended Metropolitan Regions ( EMRs) have emerged1they are export2 oriented wit h open economies of different degrees, and have led t he nation in international trade, FDI inflow, and rate of economic growth and urbanization in the past two decades1the global experiences, particularly experiences in Sout h2east Asia in t he past t hree decades had shown t hat as economic globalization proceeds, almost all EMRs in t hose count ries have experi2 enced a quicker growth and become a more and more dominating actor in its national economy1 It is also believed that the future competition between countries will very likely lie in the com2 petition between t hose EMRs1 Therefore knowledge on t he f unctions and formation of EMRs in China is an important basis for its regional planning1 It is also an important element for under2 standing t he emergence of large urban clusters wit hin t he present dualism of urbanization of t he country1it is argued that the importance of the three EMRs in urban China will become more outstanding after China s entry WTO and its participation in the global economy getting more deepening and widening1 It is highly believed by authors that those three EMRs will also be2 come the most dynamic urban regions in the world within the coming two decades given proper development st rategies are implemented1 Key words : Extended Met ropolitan Regions ; megalopolis ;urbanization ;regional development