Homework Due May 4, 2017

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1 Homework ue May 4, 2017 Name: ate: 1. The graph below shows the effect of temperature on the volume of a gas. 2. scientist observed changes in the gas pressure of one mole of a gas in a sealed chamber with a fixed volume. To identify the source of the changes, the scientist should check for variations in the. air pressure outside the chamber.. molecular formula of the gas.. temperature of the chamber.. isotopes of the gas. Which generalization can be made about the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas?. s the temperature of a gas decreases, its volume increases.. s the temperature of a gas decreases, its volume stays the same.. s the temperature of a gas increases, its volume increases.. s the temperature of a gas increases, its volume stays the same. 3. Theoretically, when an ideal gas in a closed container cools, the pressure will drop steadily until the pressure inside is essentially that of a vacuum. t what temperature should this occur? K. 0 K page 1

2 4. The picture below shows a gas at standard conditions in a container with a moveable piston. 5. The diagram below shows the top view of a student swinging a ball above her head. ccording to harles s law, what will happen to the piston when the gas is heated?. The piston will move up because the gas particles get larger.. There will be no change because heat will not affect the system.. The piston will move up because the gas particles move faster and get farther apart.. The piston will move down because the gas particles move slower and get closer together. This ball continues to move in a circular path because. gravity pulls the ball downward.. some air resistance is present.. the string applies a force against the ball.. the weight of the string is the same weight as the ball. page 2 Homework ue May 4, 2017

3 6. The illustration shows a runner rounding a turn on a running path. 7. student conducted many trials to determine the effect that variables had on the cycle of a pendulum. The runner leans inward while traveling around a curve. This action allows the runner to. use force to help change direction.. introduce a force to overcome gravity.. balance all of the forces acting on him.. resist the force trying to change his direction. Trial Length of String (cm) Pendulum Experiment ata Length of Pull (cm) Number of Washers* Time of One ycle (sec) *Each washer has a mass of 10 grams. change in which variable changed the time of one cycle?. length of string. length of pull. mass of washers. number of washers 8. satellite that is moving in a circular orbit around Earth and maintaining a constant speed will experience a. changing gravitational force toward Earth.. net gravitational force toward Earth.. changing acceleration away from Earth.. net acceleration away from Earth. page 3 Homework ue May 4, 2017

4 9. student studies gravity, using objects that have the same mass. Which two objects have the greatest gravitational force acting between them? 10. One of the two identical metal spheres is given a negative charge by rubbing a wool cloth on its surface..... Next, one sphere is moved so that it touches the other sphere, and then they are separated. Which statement correctly describes the spheres after separation?. Each sphere has a positive charge.. Each sphere has a negative charge.. Sphere 1 is neutral, and sphere 2 has a negative charge.. Sphere 1 has a positive charge, and sphere 2 has a negative charge. page 4 Homework ue May 4, 2017

5 11. Two parallel copper wires are each carrying the same electrical current in the same direction. Which statement explains how they respond to each other? 13. Which of the following electromagnets would have the greatest magnetic field?.. They repel each other, because they have similar magnetic fields.. They repel each other, because they have opposite magnetic fields.. They strengthen each other, because they have similar magnetic fields... They strengthen each other, because they have opposite magnetic fields Look at the diagram of the bar magnets below. What will happen to the force between the two magnets if they are pulled farther apart?. The force would be weaker.. The force would be stronger.. The force would stay unchanged.. The force would reverse the poles. page 5 Homework ue May 4, 2017

6 14. Iron filings and bar magnets were placed on a sheet of paper. The following diagram shows the pattern made on the paper. 16. Where does visible light fall on the electromagnetic spectrum?. between x-rays and gamma rays. between short-wave radio and television. between infrared and ultraviolet. between microwaves and infrared t which location is the magnetic field the strongest? The Rocket s Red Glare 15. sound wave is produced in a metal cylinder by striking one end. Which of the following occurs as the wave travels along the cylinder?. Its amplitude increases.. Its frequency increases.. It transfers matter.. It transfers energy. On the 4th of July there was a fireworks display near the onnecticut River in Hartford. There were many different colorful fireworks in the show. spectator saw light from a fireworks explosion then heard a loud noise a few seconds later from the same explosion. The sound was heard a few seconds later because the sound.. originated a few seconds after the light. traveled farther than the light. traveled more slowly than the light. reflected from a different location page 6 Homework ue May 4, 2017

7 18. Use these graphs to answer the question. 20. Each picture shows a light bulb connected to a battery. Which bulb will light?.. Wave Wave The two waves above are traveling at the same speed. Which statement best describes the difference between the waves?... Wave has a higher frequency than wave.. Wave has a lower frequency than wave.. Wave has a higher amplitude than wave.. Wave has a lower amplitude than wave Which best describes a parallel circuit?. Electricity flows along one pathway.. The flow of electricity comes from one source.. Electricity flows along more than one pathway. In this circuit, what is the current through the 2-ohm resistor? The flow of electricity comes from more than one source. page 7 Homework ue May 4, 2017

8 In the circuit shown above, the meter registers 1.5 amperes. The voltage across the 10.0-ohm resistor is about. 1.5 V V V V. Which solute exhibits the least response to temperature change?. NH 4 l. Kl. Hl. NH V battery is connected to a light bulb with a resistance of 3Ω. What is the current in the circuit? Kareem wants to dissolve rock salt in a glass of water at room temperature. Which process will speed up the time it takes for the salt to dissolve?. dd hot water to the glass.. dd cold water to the glass.. Pour the water into a larger container.. Pour the water into a smaller container. page 8 Homework ue May 4, 2017

9 26. This graph shows the solubility curves for various ionic compounds. 28. The atomic number of iron is 26, and the atomic mass is What do these numbers mean in regard to protons, electrons and neutrons?. There are 26 each of protons and neutrons, and the rest of the mass is the result of electrons.. There are 26 protons and 26 electrons. Some atoms of iron have 29 neutrons; the.847 shows that there is more than one isotope of iron.. There are 26 protons and 29 neutrons. Each particle has an atomic mass of 1.. There are 26 protons and 26 neutrons. Since neutrons have slightly more mass than protons, the mass is greater than 52. Which compound is most affected by a change in temperature from 30 to 50?. sno 3. NH 4 r. uso 4. Kl 29. Which of the following atoms has six valence electrons?. magnesium (Mg). silicon (Si). sulfur (S). argon (r) 27. The chemical properties of an element are determined by its. atomic mass.. proton number.. electron arrangement.. atomic size. 30. Which statement best describes the density of an atom s nucleus?. The nucleus occupies most of the atom s volume but contains little of its mass.. The nucleus occupies very little of the atom s volume and contains little of its mass.. The nucleus occupies most of the atom s volume and contains most of its mass.. The nucleus occupies very little of the atom s volume but contains most of its mass. page 9 Homework ue May 4, 2017

10 31. The label below contains information about an unknown metal. 34. The reason salt crystals, such as Kl, hold together so well is because the cations are strongly attracted to. neighboring cations.. the protons in the neighboring nucleus.. free electrons in the crystals.. neighboring anions. How many valence electrons does the unknown metal have? Which of the following correctly shows how carbon and hydrogen bond to form a compound?. [4H] +4 [] 4. [H] + [] Some of the molecules found in the human body are NH 2 H 2 OOH (glycine), 6 H 12 O 6 (glucose), and H 3 (H 2 ) 16 OOH (stearic acid). The bonds they form are. nuclear.. metallic.. ionic.. covalent. page 10 Homework ue May 4, 2017

11 35. The pictures below show the structures of two polymers. 36. Use the diagram below to answer the following question. How many bonds are made by each carbon atom in the molecule shown above?. one. two. three. four What can be concluded from comparing these two pictures?. Polymers are easily broken down into their component parts.. The same number of carbon atoms may be arranged in various ways.. Linear polymer strres are stronger than ringed polymer structures.. It takes fewer monomers to form a linear polymer than a ringed polymer. 37. Which of the following models correctly represents the compound phosphorus trichloride (Pl 3 )?.... page 11 Homework ue May 4, 2017

12 38. Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge hammer. What other tool should he also use to split the log?. a lever. a pulley. a wedge. a fulcrum 40. lexa wants to build a machine for her technology class. To think of ideas, she drew four sketches of moving parts for her machine. Which design will work? The picture shows a ladder leaning against a wall... person climbing this ladder is using the ladder as. a lever.. a wedge.. a simple gear.. an inclined plane. 41. total of 750 J of work was done when a force of 125 N was exerted on a box to move it. How far was the box moved? m m m. 906 m page 12 Homework ue May 4, 2017

13 42. If a 6.0-N force is required to move a box through a distance of 2.0 m, how much work is done?. 3.0 J. 4.0 J. 8.0 J. 12 J 45. 2Na(s) + l 2 (g) 2Nal(s) s = solid g = gas The equation represents a chemical change because.. it is balanced 43. ifferent arrangements of atoms are shown in the figures below.. the product is solid. a new substance is produced. there are two substances on the reactant side Which figure represents a mixture?. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change? 44. The following equations represent chemical reactions.. mixing spices for the sauce. slicing pepperoni for the topping. spreading cheese on the pizza. baking the dough to form the crust Which equation shows that the total mass during a chemical reaction stays the same? page 13 Homework ue May 4, 2017

14 47. The law of conservation of mass can be demonstrated by a chemical reaction. Which of the following models of a chemical reaction best represents the law of conservation of mass? 49. Which equation correctly represents the alpha decay of polonium-214? Which of the following is an example of nuclear fusion? 48. lpha particle radiation will most likely result when. two atoms are near one another.. the nucleus becomes unstable.. atoms become charged.. electrons gain energy.. Hydrogen-1 and hydrogen-2 combine to form helium-3.. Polonium-210 decays into lead-206 and an alpha particle.. arbon-14 breaks down into a beta particle and nitrogen-14.. Uranium-235 and a neutron produce barium-141, krypton-92, and three neutrons. page 14 Homework ue May 4, 2017

15 51. The equation below shows the radioactive decay of thorium (Th). Which of the following particles is released in this reaction?. alpha ( 4 2 He). beta (0 1 e). neutron ( 1 0 n). proton (1 1 H) 54. hospital buys a compound that contains an isotope of barium. Several months later, most of the barium has changed to the element lanthanum. Which of the following is responsible for this change?. exposure to air. radioactive decay. reactions with the container wall. absorption of moisture from the air 52. The three main types of nuclear radiation are alpha, beta, and gamma. Which of the following lists these types of radiation from highest penetrating power to lowest penetrating power?. alpha, gamma, beta. beta, alpha, gamma. beta, gamma, alpha. gamma, beta, alpha 53. Uranium forms thorium and helium, as shown in the equation below U Th He Which of the following does this equation represent?. decomposition reaction. physical change. radioactive decay. synthesis reaction page 15 Homework ue May 4, 2017

16 55. The diagram below shows what happens to an atom of uranium-235 when bombarded by a neutron 1 0 n gram sample of radium-226 has a half-life of 1,600 years. How long will it take before there are only 12.5 grams of the radioactive radium-226 remaining?. 1,600 years. 3,200 years. 4,800 years. 6,400 years Which isotope is represented by X in the diagram? a s La Rb 58. rock sample contains 80 g of a potassium-40 ) isotope with a half-life of 1.25 billion years. (K How much of the potassium-40 isotope will remain after 2.5 billion years have passed?. 0 g. 10 g. 20 g. 80 g 56. The half-life of phosphorus-32 is 14.3 days. How much of a sample of phosphorus-32 will remain after 57.2 days? page 16 Homework ue May 4, 2017

17 59. The picture below shows a student pulling on a rope that is attached to a wall. wall 60. crate is being pulled along a floor by means of two ropes. frictional force opposes the motion of the crate. The diagram below shows these three forces acting on the crate. What is the magnitude of the net force acting on the crate?. 800 N N Which statement correctly describes the amount of force applied by the wall as the student continues to apply a 250-newton force? N N. The wall pulls with a force of 125 newtons against the student.. The wall pulls with a force of 250 newtons against the student.. The wall exerts twice as much force as the student.. The wall exerts no force since it is stationary. page 17 Homework ue May 4, 2017

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