2014 Physics Exam Review

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1 Name: ate: 1. The diagrams below show a model airplane. Which energy transformation occurs in a rubber band powered model airplane when it is flown?. Thermal energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into chemical energy used by the propeller. B. Kinetic energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into thermal energy used by the propeller.. hemical energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into potential energy used by the propeller.. Potential energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into mechanical energy used by the propeller. page 1

2 2. high diver steps off a diving platform that is 10 meters above the water. If no air resistance is present, during the fall there will be a decrease in the diver s 3.. gravitational potential energy. B. total mechanical energy.. kinetic energy.. momentum. group of students were setting up their school auditorium for a rock concert to be held over the weekend. The students used a ramp to get one of the large speakers onto the stage. The students know that work = force distance. Which of the following best explains the advantage of using the ramp instead of lifting the speaker onto the stage?. The mass of the speaker is reduced by using the ramp. B. More energy is created by using the ramp.. Less force is required by using the ramp.. The amount of work done is decreased by using the ramp. 4. The diagram shows two bowling balls of equal mass. Ball is resting near the edge of a shelf. Ball B is resting on the ground below. Which of these statements best describes the diagram above?. Ball has more kinetic energy than Ball B. B. Ball B has more kinetic energy than Ball.. Ball has more potential energy than Ball B.. Ball B has more potential energy than Ball. page 2

3 5. Two workers use a ramp to help lift a box onto a dock as shown below. Use the diagram below to answer the following question. 6. student riding a bicycle doubles his speed. By what factor does the kinetic energy of the student and bicycle change?. 1 4 B espite the advantage gained by using the ramp, there is a loss of energy mainly due to. friction between the box and the ramp. B. the length of the ramp.. the rope stretching when it is pulled.. two people pulling the rope. page 3

4 7. Machine X produces the least amount of power in a factory. Since power is determined by the amount of work done and the time it takes, which Work vs. Time graph explains the power produced by Machine X?. B... page 4

5 8. The diagram below shows four positions of a ball rolling down and off a curved ramp. 11. The diagram shows a motor being used to lift a load with the use of a pulley. t which position is the kinetic energy of the ball being converted into potential energy?. position 1 B. position 2. position 3. position 4 The motor is lifting the 6 kg box at a constant velocity. How much work is done on the box to lift it 2 m? (ssume no resistance from the pulley.). 3 J B. 4 J. 60 J. 120 J kilogram mass is moving with a speed of 3.0 m s. What is the kinetic energy of the mass?. 1.5 J B. 6.0 J. 9.0 J J kilogram mass is lifted from the ground to a height of 10 meters. The gravitational potential energy of the mass is increased by approximately. 0.5 J. B. 50 J J J. 12. Four students of different weights timed themselves walking up a set of stairs. Their data are shown below. Student Student Weight (N) Stair Height (m) Time (s) W X Y Z Which student used the most power while walking up the stairs?. student W B. student X. student Y. student Z page 5

6 13. rock climber weighs 550 N and is carrying a backpack that weighs 50 N. How much total work has been done after she climbs 12 m? 15. steel ball is dropped from a height (h) of 90 m as shown in the diagram below.. 50 J B. 600 J J J 14. The potential energy of a 77 kg diver standing on a 20 m high diving tower is 15,400 J. Two-thirds of the way down during the dive into the pool, his potential energy is 5,100 J. Neglecting air resistance, what is the diver s kinetic energy at this point?. 2,550 J B. 7,650 J What is the potential energy, PE, and kinetic energy, KE, of the ball at h = 36.0 m?. PE = 240 J and KE = 240 J B. PE = 240 J and KE = 360 J. PE = 360 J and KE = 240 J. PE = 360 J and KE = 360 J. 10,300 J. 12,850 J 16. child is on a sled moving down a hill at 20 second meters. The combined mass of the sled and child is 100 kilograms. The momentum of the child and sled is. 5 kilogram ms B. 20 kilogram ms kilogram ms kilogram ms page 6

7 t an amusement park, bumper car X moves at a speed of 2.5 m/s toward car Y, which is at rest, as shown in the diagram below. ar X collides with car Y. How does the momentum of each car change after the collision? When these two freight cars of different mass collide and couple, what will be their resultant velocity?. 1 m s B. 2 m s. 4 m s. 8 m s. ar X s momentum increases, and car Y s momentum decreases. B. ar X s momentum decreases, and car Y s momentum increases.. ar X s momentum is unchanged, and car Y s momentum increases.. ar X s momentum is unchanged, and car Y s momentum decreases. 20. n object with a mass of 3 kg has a momentum of 75 kg m/s. What is its velocity? 18. Which of the following has the least momentum?. a 0.5 kg mass with a 1000 m/s velocity. 0.4 m/s B. 7.1 m/s. 25 m/s. 72 m/s B. a 1 kg mass with a 100 m/s velocity. a 10 kg mass with an 11 m/s velocity. a 100 kg mass with a 2 m/s velocity 21. What impulse must be applied to a 25.0-kg cart to cause a velocity change of 12.0 m/s? N s B N s N s N s page 7

8 22. box slides on frictionless ice and collides with another box sliding in the same direction. If the two boxes stick together after the collision, what assumption can be made about the type of collision that occurred? 25.. It was a completely inelastic collision. B. It was an inelastic collision.. It was an elastic collision.. It was a completely elastic collision. How many amperes of current will flow when four 1-ohm resistors are in this series circuit? 23. Which statement explains what would happen to an astronaut in space after the astronaut throws a rock?. 0.5 ampere B. 1.0 ampere. 1.5 amperes. 2.0 amperes. The astronaut would remain still because of the law of gravitation. B. The astronaut would move above the rock because of the law of gravitation.. The astronaut would move in the same direction that the rock is moving to match the rock s momentum.. The astronaut would move in the opposite direction that the rock is moving to counter the rock s momentum. 26. To double the current through a resistor in a circuit,. double the voltage across the resistor. B. double the resistance of the resistor double the voltage across the resistor and double the resistance.. double the resistance and decrease the voltage across it by half. In this circuit, what is the current through the 2-ohm resistor?. 0.2 B page 8

9 27. The diagram below shows a simple electrical circuit. 28. circuit constructed on a circuit board is shown below. Which of the following schematic circuits correctly represents the circuit shown? Which of the following would always increase the flow of current through the lights in the circuit shown above?.. ecreasing the battery voltage and decreasing the resistance of the lights. B. Increasing the battery voltage and increasing the resistance of the lights.. ecreasing the battery voltage and increasing the resistance of the lights. B.. Increasing the battery voltage and decreasing the resistance of the lights... page 9

10 29. The diagram below shows a circuit. 31. The measurements in the table below are from four circuits that each have the same components except for the battery. ircuit Voltage (V) urrent () Resistance (V) Which of the following statements describes how voltage, current, and resistance are related by Ohm s law in these circuits?. s voltage increases, current decreases and resistance decreases. B. s voltage increases, current increases and resistance stays the same. The current in this circuit is 3. The resistance of R1 is 2Ω. R2 and R3 each have a resistance of 4Ω. What is the voltage for this circuit?. 6 V B. 10 V. 30 V. 90 V. s voltage increases, current decreases and resistance stays the same.. s voltage increases, current stays the same and resistance decreases. 30. The diagram below represents a parallel circuit. ll three bulbs in this circuit are identical. When the switch is closed, if ammeter 1 measures a current of 2.0, which of the following is the current through 2? B page 10

11 32. The diagram below shows the top view of a student swinging a ball above her head. This ball continues to move in a circular path because. gravity pulls the ball downward. B. some air resistance is present.. the string applies a force against the ball.. the weight of the string is the same weight as the ball. page 11

12 33. ball was attached to the end of a string and spun in a circle as shown in Figure 1 below. The ball moved in a counter-clockwise direction when seen from above as shown in Figure 2. fter several spins, the string was released when the ball was at point R. Which diagram shows the direction that the ball would fly the instant the string was released?. B... page 12

13 student studies gravity, using objects that have the same mass. Which two objects have the greatest gravitational force acting between them? What event will produce the greatest increase in the gravitational force between the two masses?.. doubling the large mass B. doubling the distance between the masses B.. reducing the small mass by half. reducing the distance between the masses by half small car is being driven in a circular path at constant speed on a horizontal surface. What is the direction of the frictional force that keeps the car from skidding as it travels along this path?. opposite the direction of the velocity of the car B. in the same direction as the velocity of the car. toward the center of the circle. outward from the center of the circle 37. How would the measurable properties of a golf ball change if it were moved from Earth to the Moon?. It would have the same mass, but a different weight. B. It would have the same weight, but a different mass.. It would have the same density, but a different mass.. It would have the same mass, but a different density. 38. What is the mass of an object weighing 63 N on Earth?. 0.1 kg B. 6.3 kg. 73 kg. 617 kg page 13

14 39. Which sketch best represents the charge distribution around a neutral electroscope when a positively charged strip is brought near, but does not touch, the electroscope?. B. 42. Which procedure will give an electroscope a positive charge?. touching the electroscope with a neutral object B. bringing a positively charged object near the electroscope. touching the electroscope with a negatively charged object. touching the electroscope with a positively charged object Which of the diagrams given shows the correct distribution of charge on the knob and leaves of an electroscope after it has made contact with a negatively charged hard rubber rod?. B. 40. Electrical power is measured in units called... watts B. joules. volts. amperes 44. The coulomb is a unit of. resistance B. power 41. particle of aluminum is found to have 13 protons in its nucleus with 10 electrons in orbit around the nucleus. This particle would be. negatively charged B. positively charged. electrically neutral. heavier than a normal aluminum atom. charge. force 45. s the distance between two point charges is tripled, the electrostatic force between the charges. decreases to one-ninth the original force B. decreases to one-third the original force. increases by a factor of three. increases by a factor of nine page 14

15 46. What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force and between a charge of coulomb and a charge of coulomb separated by 0.30 meter? 49. The diagram shows the electric field in the vicinity of two charged conducting-spheres, and B. What is the static electric charge on each of the conducting spheres? N B N N N. is negative and B is positive. B. is positive and B is negative. 47. The distance between two point charges is tripled. ompared to the original force, the new electrostatic force between the charges is. Both and B are positive.. Both and B are negative.. decreased to one-ninth B. decreased to one-third. increased by a factor of three. increased by a factor of nine 48. Electrostatic force F exists between two point charges with a separation distance d. Which graph best represents the relationship between F and d?. B. 50. s shown in the diagram, a neutral pith ball suspended on a string is attracted to a positively charged rod. uring contact with the rod, the pith ball. loses electrons B. gains electrons. loses protons. gains protons.. page 15

16 51. In each diagram shown, an electron travels to the right between points and B. In which diagram would the electron be deflected toward the bottom of the page? 53. Which diagram best represents the electric field of a point charge?. B.. B n inflated balloon which has been rubbed against a person s hair is touched to a neutral wall and remains attracted to it. Which diagram best represents the charge distribution on the balloon and wall?. B. 52. In the diagram, an electron moving with speed v enters the space between two oppositely charged parallel plates. Which diagram best represents the path the electron follows as it passes between the plates?... B What is the mass of an asteroid with a speed of 200 m/s and a momentum of 2,000 kg m/s?. 10 kg B. 1,800 kg. 2,200 kg. 400,000 kg page 16

17 56. Two toy carts are about to collide, as shown in the diagram below. art 1 art What is the spring constant of a spring of negligible mass which gained 8 joules of potential energy as a result of being compressed 0.4 meter?. 100 N/m B. 50 N/m 15 kg 5 kg. 0.3 N/m. 40 N/m art 1 has a mass of 15 kg and is moving right at a speed of 2 m/s. art 2 has a mass of 5 kg and is moving left at a speed of 3 m/s. When they collide, the carts will stick together. Neglecting friction, what will be the velocity of the carts after the collision? m/s left B m/s right. 15 m/s left. 15 m/s right 57. pendulum swings as shown in the diagram. t which position is the kinetic energy of the pendulum bob least?. B. B kilogram diver falls freely from a diving platform that is 3.00 meters above the surface of the water in a pool. When she is 1.00 meter above the water, what are her gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy with respect to the water s surface?. PE = 1620 J and KE = 0 J B. PE = 1080 J and KE = 540 J. PE = 810 J and KE = 810 J kilogram boy initially at rest skis down the slope as shown. ssuming no frictional loss, what will be his kinetic energy at the bottom of the slope?. PE = 540 J and KE = 1080 J. 1,500 joules B. 7,500 joules. 15,000 joules. 75,000 joules page 17

18 61. n object falls freely near Earth s surface. Which graph best represents the relationship between the object s kinetic energy and its time of fall?. 63. Which quantity and unit are correctly paired?. velocity: m/s 2 B. momentum:. energy: kg m 2 s 2 kg m s 2. work: kg/m B kilogram object strikes the ground with 1,960 joules of kinetic energy after falling freely from rest. How far above the ground was the object when it was released?. 10 m B. 14 m. 98 m. 200 m. 62. Two vacationers walk out on a horizontal pier as shown in the accompanying diagram. 65. The diagram shown represents a frictionless track. 10-kilogram block starts from rest at point and slides along the track. What is the approximate potential energy of the block at point? s they approach the end of the pier, their gravitational potential energy will. 20 J B. 200 J. 300 J. 500 J. decrease B. increase. remain the same page 18

19 Problem-ttic format version c Educide Software Licensed for use by Renee Gilson Terms of Use at 06/06/ B B B B

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