DO NOT OPEN EXAM UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO

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1 Name: KEY Last First Biology 11 Drs. Barnosky and Quail Spring 2005 Midterm 1 ID# DO NOT OPEN EXAM UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO Please Read the Instructions First Check your pages. There are 9 pages in this exam. You are responsible for making sure that you have all the pages. This examination is worth 100 points. Write your name and ID# on your scantron. Do not use a calculator. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Indicate your answers on the scantron sheet using a number 2 or test scoring pencil. Press heavily, don t stray out of the margins, and completely erase any changed answers. 2. If you think that a multiple choice question is ambiguous or confusing, use the gripe sheet at the end of the examination to explain the problem. 3. There are 20 multiple choice or true/false questions worth 3 points each (60 points total). Fill in and Short-Answer Questions 1. Use pen only (no grade corrections for pencil or white-out). 2. Write only one answer per question. You can elaborate on an answer, but you will not be given any credit if you write two different answers to the question. 3. Spelling rules: _ credit for 2 3 letters wrong or transposed. No points will be given if the misspelling alters the meaning of the word. 4. There are 6 fill in questions worth 40 points in total. 1

2 Choose the one best answer: 1. Which of the following is a FALSE statement? A. The biosphere includes communities and their interaction with the physical environment. B. Cells are found within organelles. C. Species consist of many populations. D. The cell is the smallest unit retaining characteristics of life. E. None of the above. 2. Which is not part of the Linnaean classification system? A. Binomial nomenclature B. Hierachical classification C. Synapomorphy D. Phylum E. Primates 3. Which of the following is not one of the Linnaean Kingdoms? A. Plantae B. Fungi C. Eubacteria D. Eukaryota E. Protista 4. Which of the following definitions best describe evolution? A. Systematically organized knowledge applicable in a relatively wide variety of circumstances, especially a system of assumptions, accepted principles,and rules of procedure devised to analyze, predict, or otherwise explain the nature or behavior of a specified set of phenomena. B. Abstract reasoning, speculation C. An assumption based on limited information or knowledge D. A conjecture E. Both B and C 5. Water is NOT: A. nonpolar [TRUE-IT IS POLAR] B. a molecule [FALSE IT IS A MOLECULE] C. an element [TRUE IT IS NOT AN ELEMENT] D. organic [TRUE IT IS NOT ORGANIC] E. both C and D [REAL ANSWER IS ALL BUT B] GIVE CREDIT FOR A, C, D, E 2

3 6. Which of the following is false? Hydrogen bonds: A. help control the shape of DNA molecules B. occur because an electron-negative atom is attracted to a hydrogen atom C. are weak but very important in stabilizing molecular structures D. are much stronger than covalent bonds E. help buffer against changes in temperature 7. In a two allele system where A is dominant to a, what are the chances of a curly haired father (Aa) and a straight haired mother (aa) producing a curly haired child? A. 25% B. 50% C % D. 75% E. 100% 8. The Burgess Shale organisms A. evolved in the high mountain environments of Canadian Rockies B. have evidence of the first cellular life C. are about 900 million years hold D. represent only extinct phyla E. represent most of the phyla that we still recognize today 9. When one gene influences more than one trait, as in Siamese cat eyes, voice, and coat color, it is called A. incomplete dominance B. Codominance C. epistasis D. environmental effect E. pleiotropy 3

4 10. Which of the following is characterized by a carbon backbone, a ketone or aldehyde, and a -OH group? A. Protein B. DNA C. Lipid D. Carbohydrate E. All of the above. 11. Here is the chemical equation for photosynthesis 12H 2 O + 6CO 2 6O 2 + C 6 H x O 6 + 6H 2 0 What number should be inserted for the x subscripted on H on the right side of the equation? A. 6 B. 12 C. 18 D. 24 E. None of the above 12. The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is: A. Only eukaryotic cells have DNA B. Only eukaryotic cells have organelles C. One of them lacks a cell membrane D. Both A and B E. Both B and C 13.True or False. Uracil is one of the nucleotides in DNA A. True B. False 14. True or False. Enzymes raise activation energy. A. True B. False 4

5 15. The difference between active transport and passive transport is: A. Active transport is across a membrane; passive transport is not. B. Active transport requires an energy input; passive transport does not. C. Active transport takes place with a transport protein; passive transport does not. D. Active transport is by osmosis; passive transport is by diffusion E. Active transport moves bulk material; passive transport does not 16. The phylum whose individual organisms are most abundant is the: A. Porifera B. Arthropoda C. Placazoa D. Cnidaria E. Nematoda 17. A jellyfish (pictured below) is a member of what phylum? A. Porifera B. Platyhelminthes C. Placazoa D. Cnidaria E. Nematoda 18. Which is NOT a feature of phylogenetic taxonomy? A. emphasizing evolutionary relationships B. expressing how groups are related on cladograms C. a hierarchical classification that fits organisms into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, genera, and species D. Reliance on synapormorphies E. None of the above 19. Which is NOT one of the major features of microevolution? A. mutation B. speciation C. recombination D. selection E. genetic drift 5

6 20. Which IS a characteristic of Porifera : A. B. C. D. F. builds coral reefs marine predator earliest complex life in the fossil record silica spicules as a skeletal structure both C and D Short answer questions. 21. Arrange the following steps in the building of proteins in the correct order with the first step at the top and the last step at the bottom: Assembly of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, Assembly of Polypeptide Chains, Assembly of Nucleotide Sequences, Assembly of Nucleic Acids, (5 pts. 1 point for each step) First A. B. C. D. E. Last Answer: (first to last) Nucleotides, Nucleotide Sequence, Nucleic Acid, Amino Acid, Polypeptide Chain 22. Name the parts of the cell that are indicated by letters. Write the name by the appropriate letter here (5 points): e a. Vesicle a b. Mitochondrion c. Golgi Body d. Endoplasmic reticulum e. Nucleus d b c 6

7 23. Choose any one of the structures from question 22 and tell what its function is (3 points). Name of Organelle Function Possible Answers: Nucleus: storage of DNA/chromosomes Golgi Body: packages proteins/lipids Vesicle: transports cell products Mitochondria: produces energy/atp Endoplasmic reticulum: protein synthesis No credit for ribosomes, cytoskeleton, flagella, or cilia since they don t have membranes and aren t considered organelles. Cell membrane is not entirely within the cytoplasm of a cell and is therefore not considered an organelle. 24. Using the table below (12 points): List the three stages in aerobic respiration in order, with the first stage at the top and the last stage at the bottom Tell what part of the cell the stage takes place in Tell how much ATP is present at the beginning of the stage, and how much at the end of the stage NAME THE STAGE WHERE IN CELL DOES IT TAKE PLACE HOW MUCH ATP IS PRESENT WHEN THE STAGE BEGINS Glycolysis Cytoplasm 2 ATP 4 ATP HOW MUCH ATP IS PRESENT WHEN THE STAGE CONCLUDES Krebs Cycle Mitochondrion 4 ATP 6 ATP Electron Transport Phosphorylation Inner membrane of mitochondrion 6 ATP 36 ATP I wasn't asking to really to explain the process and how much is produced and how each step of the way... only what you start with, and what you end up with. If you are thinking about how much is actually produced at each step, it would be 2 ATP produced during glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation, 2 produced during the Krebs Cycle by substrate-level phosphorylation, and 32 produced during ETP by electron transport phosphorylation, with a net yield of =36. (see Figs. 7.5, 7.6, 7.7 in the text) If the students gave an answer that accurately reflected what is actually produced at each step, it is ok to give them full credit. In that case, the only difference would be in the numbers in the "How much is present when the stage begins". If the student was interpreting it as "How much is actually produced during the stage" [which is actually pretty different than how the question is worded], the right answers for that column would be glycolysis=2, Krebs Cycle=2, ETP=32. 7

8 25. Indicate which letter on the cladogram below corresponds to the following terms by writing the letter next to the term (10 points, 1 point for each term): e Multicelled a Porifera j Complete gut d Nematoda g 18S gene sequence f Tissues c Platyhelminthes b Cnidaria i Bilateral Symmetry k Radial Symmetry 26. Describe two kinds of templates that the DNA molecule provides (5 pts.) 1. For replicating itself as new cells are produced 2. For building proteins through the process of transcription and translation 8

9 Name: Last First ID# Gripe Sheet Instructions: 1. Put your name at the top of the page (we tear it off from the rest of the exam). 2. If you think that a question is ambiguous or confusing, indicate the question number, the answer you gave, and the reason that you gave this answer. Question # Answer you gave Gripe 9