Figure Page 117 Microbiology: An Introduction, 10e (Tortora/ Funke/ Case)

Transcription

1 Chapter 11 The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea Objective Questions 1) Which of the following are found primarily in the intestines of humans? A) Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci B) Aerobic, helical bacteria C) Facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods D) Gram-positive cocci E) Endospore-forming rods Figure ) What is group ʺc.ʺ in the key shown in Figure 11.1? A) Bacteroidetes B) Chlamydiae C) Fusobacteria D) Planctomycetes E) Spirochaetes 3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the non-endospore-forming gram-positive rods? A) Are aerotolerant B) Carry out fermentative metabolism C) Donʹt produce endospores D) Are nonpathogenic E) Lack cell walls Page 117

2 4) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neisseria? A) Requires X and V factors B) Cocci C) Gram-negative D) Oxidase-positive E) Some species are human pathogens. 5) Staphylococcus and Streptococcus can be easily differentiated in a laboratory by which one of the following? A) Cell shape B) Gram stain reaction C) Growth in high salt concentrations D) Ability to cause disease E) Glucose fermentation 6) Which of the following genera is an anaerobic gram-negative rod? A) Escherichia B) Staphylococcus C) Bacteroides D) Treponema E) Neisseria 7) Which of the following do you expect to be most resistant to high temperatures? A) Bacillus subtilis B) Eschericia coli C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae D) Staphylococcus aureus E) Streptococcocus pyogenes 8) Which of the following is NOT an enteric? A) Salmonella B) Shigella C) Escherichia D) Enterobacter E) Campylobacter Page 118

3 9) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes? A) Possess an axial filament B) Gram-negative C) Helical shape D) Easily observed with brightfield microscopy E) Difficult to culture in vitro 10) You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing an organic substrate and nitrate in the absence of oxygen. The nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas. You can be sure that this bacterium is A) Gram-positive. B) Using anaerobic respiration. C) A chemoautotroph. D) A photoautotroph. E) A photoheterotroph. 11) Which of the following lacks a cell wall? A) Borrelia B) Mycoplasma C) Mycobacterium D) Clostridium E) Nocardia 12) Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative? A) Treponema B) Corynebacterium C) Bacillus D) Staphylococcus E) Mycobacterium 13) Which of the following form conidiospores? A) Endospore-forming gram-positive rods and cocci B) Actinomycetes and related organisms C) Rickettsias D) Anaerobic gram-negative cocci E) Spiral and curved bacteria Page 119

4 14) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria produce H 2 S B) Archaea extremophiles C) Chemoautotrophic bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen D) Actinomycetes reproduce by fragmentation E) Cytophaga a gliding, nonfruiting bacterium 15) Rickettsias differ from chlamydias in that rickettsias A) Are gram-negative. B) Are intracellular parasites. C) Require an arthropod for transmission. D) Form elementary bodies. E) Lack cell walls. 16) Requirements for X and V factors are used to identify A) Staphylococcus. B) Escherichia. C) Neisseria. D) Haemophilus. E) Pseudomonas. 17) You have isolated a bacterium that grows in a medium containing only inorganic nutrients. Ammonia is oxidized to nitrate ion. This bacterium is A) Gram-negative. B) Using anaerobic respiration. C) A chemoautotroph. D) A photoautotroph E) A photoheterotroph. 18) Which of the following bacteria is gram-positive? A) Pseudomonas B) Salmonella C) Streptococcus D) Bacteroides E) Rickettsia Page 120

5 19) Escherichia coli belongs to the A) Proteobacteria. B) Gram-positive bacteria. C) Green sulfur bacteria. D) Spirochetes. E) Actinomycetes. 20) Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others? A) Bacillus B) Escherichia C) Lactobacillus D) Staphylococcus E) Streptococcus 21) Which of the following statements about the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is false? A) It is an intracellular parasite. B) It is transmitted by ticks. C) It is in the genus Rickettsia. D) It is gram-negative. E) It is found in soil and water. 22) A primary difference between cyanobacteria and purple and green phototrophic bacteria is A) Energy source. B) Cell wall type. C) Electron donor for CO 2 reduction. D) Cell type. E) Color. 23) Which one of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others? A) Bordetella B) Burkholderia C) Campylobacter D) Pseudomonas E) Salmonella Page 121

6 24) Which of the following bacteria are responsible for more infections and more different kinds of infections? A) Streptococcus B) Staphylococcus C) Salmonella D) Pseudomonas E) Neisseria 25) Both Beggiatoa and the purple sulfur bacteria use H 2 S. These bacteria differ in that Beggiatoa A) Uses H 2 S for an energy source. B) Uses H 2 S for a carbon source. C) Uses light energy. D) Belongs to the gammaproteobacteria. E) Is a heterotroph. 26) The nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria use organic compounds as A) Carbon sources. B) Electron donors to reduce CO 2. C) Energy sources. D) Electron acceptors. E) Oxygen sources. 27) Which of the following is the best reason to classify Streptococcus in the Lactobacillales? A) Gram reaction B) Morphology C) Fermentation of lactose D) rrna sequences E) Found in dairy products 28) Streptomyces differs from Actinomyces because Streptomyces A) Makes antibiotics. B) Produces conidia. C) Forms filaments. D) Is aerobic. E) Is a bacterium. Page 122

7 29) All of the following bacteria are gram-positive. Which does NOT belong with the others? A) Actinomyces B) Bacillus C) Corynebacterium D) Listeria E) Mycobacterium 30) Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, and Serratia are all A) Pathogens. B) Gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods. C) Gram-positive aerobic cocci. D) Fermentative. E) Endospore-forming bacteria. 31) You have isolated a gram-positive rod. What should you do next? A) Gram stain B) Lactose fermentation C) Endospore stain D) Flagella stain E) Enterotube 32) Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it A) Is aerobic. B) Possesses an axial filament. C) Is a rod. D) Is a pathogen. E) Is transmitted by ticks. 33) Thiobacillus oxidizes inorganic sulfur compounds and reduces CO 2. This bacterium is a A) Chemoheterotroph. B) Chemoautotroph. C) Photoautotroph. D) Gammaproteobacteria. E) Photoheterotroph. Page 123

8 34) You have isolated a prokaryotic cell. The first step in identification is a(n) A) Gram stain. B) Lactose fermentation test. C) Endospore stain. D) Flagella stain. E) DNA fingerprint. 35) Actinomycetes differ from fungi in that actinomycetes A) Are chemoheterotrophs. B) Lack a membrane-bounded nucleus. C) Require light. D) Are decomposers. E) Cause disease. 36) You have isolated an aerobic gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium that grows well on nutrient agar. To which of the following groups does it most likely belong? A) Phototrophic bacteria B) Gammaproteobacteria C) Deltaproteobacteria D) Bacillales E) Canʹt tell 37) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Spirochete axial filament B) Aerobic, helical bacteria gram-negative C) Enterics gram-negative D) Mycobacteria acid-fast E) Pseudomonas gram-positive 38) Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others? A) Coxiella B) Ehrlichia C) Rickettsia D) Staphylococcus E) Wolbachia Page 124

9 39) Caulobacter are different from most bacteria in that A) They are gram-negative. B) They are gram-positive. C) They have stalks. D) They lack cell walls. E) They are motile. 40) All of the following bacteria are motile; which does (do) NOT have flagella? A) Escherichia B) Helical bacteria C) Pseudomonas D) Spirochetes E) Salmonella 41) Which of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others? A) Halobacterium B) Halococcus C) Methanobacterium D) Staphylococcus E) Sulfolobus 42) Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they A) Grow inside host cells. B) Lack a cell wall. C) Are acid-fast. D) Are motile. E) Are gram-negative. 43) Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched? A) Elementary body Escherichia B) Endospore Bacillus C) Endospore Clostridium D) Heterocyst cyanobacteria E) Myxospore gliding bacteria Page 125

10 44) Burkholderia was reclassified from the gammaproteobacteria to the betaproteobacteria because A) It grows in disinfectants. B) It is a gram-negative rod. C) It causes infections in cystic fibrosis patients. D) It causes melioidosis. E) Its rrna sequence is similar to that of Neisseria. 45) The crab industry needs female crabs for growing more crabs. What bacterium might be used to ensure development of female crabs and shrimp? A) Acinetobacter B) Gemmata C) Neisseria D) Pelagibacter E) Wolbachia Essay Questions 1) Discuss the use of Bergeyʹs Manual as a tool of classification. Of identification. Answer: Skill: 2) Provide a reason to classify bacteria. Answer: Skill: 3) Bacteroides and Escherichia are both gram-negative rods found in the large intestine. Why are they in different phyla? Answer: Skill: Page 126