Section Title: Archaebacteria vs. Eubacteria

Transcription

1 Unit: 3.1 Name: Section Title: Archaebacteria vs. Eubacteria Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: None New Information: Bacteria Notes Basic Bacteria Facts Classification of Bacteria: Kingdom Archaebacteria Major Bacteria Phyla: Archaebacteria Classification of Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria

2 Shapes of Eubacteria: Draw and Label Eubacteria Eubacteria: Heterotrophs Photosynthetic: Autotrophs Eubacteria: Chemosynthetic Autotrophs Major Bacteria Phyla: Eubacteria

3 Most Bacteria Reproduce by 1 of 2 means Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Gram Stain

4 Activity: Book Work pg The two Kingdoms of bacteria are known as and. One reason Archaebacteria is placed into a separate kingdom is because its cell walls do not have, which is a protein carbohydrate compound found in the cell walls of Eubacteria. Archaebacteria were first discovered in extreme environments, such as,, and. The three phylogenetic groups of archaebacteria are,, and. Methanogens found in anaerobic conditions such as at the bottom of and, where they convert H2 and CO2 into. Extreme halphiles are archaebacteria, and live in environments with very high salt concentrations such as the Dead Sea. Thermoacidophiles live in extremely environments that have high temperatures, such as volcanic or hydrothermal vents. Eubacteria account for most bacteria and have three basic shapes. Eubacteria that are rod shaped are called. Eubacteria that are sphere shaped are called. Eubacteria that are spiral shaped are called. When cocci occur in chains they are called, and when cocci occur in grape like clusters they are called. Eubacteria are divided into 12 different phyla. Some basic phyla of bacteria are (table 24-1),,, and. Phylum cyanobacteria were once known as blue-green algae, but do not have a membrane bound nucleus. To acquire energy cyanobacteria perform. Phylum spirochetes are shaped heterotrophic bacteria and are known to cause the STD syphilis. Phylum Gram positive bacteria are a main producer of, which inhibit growth or kill microscopic organisms. Phylum proteobacteria is the one of the largest and most diverse bacteria kingdoms and include bacteria and. Class Review Questions: 1. Which of the following types of bacteria would you most likely to find in very salty water? a. Chemoautotroph b. Extreme halophile c. Cyanobacterium d. Thermoacidophile 2. Archaebacteria and eubacteria are placed into separate kingdoms because archaebacteria a. lack cell membranes b. have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan c. evolved after eubacteria evolved d. have some genes that closely resemble those found in eukaryotes 3. Rod shaped bacteria are called a. cocci b. bacilli

5 c. halophiles d. spirilla 4. Thermoacidophiles are a. eubacteria b. cyanobacteria c. archaebacteria d. spirochetes 5. Gram positive bacteria stain a. blue b. pink c. red d. purple Bacteria and Disease Type of Disease Areas Affected Mode of Transmission Botulism nerves Improper preserved foods Cholera intestines Contaminated water Tooth Decay teeth Bacteria in mouth Gonorrhea Urethra/ fal.tubes Sexual contact Lyme Disease Skin, joints, heart Tick bite Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Blood, skin Tick bite Salmonella intestines Contaminated food

6 Strep throat Respiratory tract Sneezing/coughing Tetanus nerves Contaminated wounds Tuberculosis Lungs, bones, etc coughing Ways Bacteria Cause Disease Activity: Book Work: pg The scientific study of disease is called. Bacteria that causes disease is known as. Some bacteria cause disease by producing poisons called toxins. are toxins produced by Gram-positive bacteria and are secreted into the surrounding environment. Toxins that are associated with Gram-negative bacteria and are not released from the bacteria until it dies are known as. Class Review Questions 1. One bacterial disease that is transmitted by contaminated drinking water is a. Lyme disease b. Gonorrhea c. Tuberculosis d. Cholera 2. A poison that is released from the outer membrane of dead Gram negative bacteria is called a. a pathogen b. an exotoxin c. an endotoxin d. a broad-spectrum toxin 3. Which of the following is not a way that bacteria cause disease in humans? a. Destroying body tissues b. Conjugating human cells c. Damaging blood vessels d. Dissolving blood clots 4. Bacteria that cause disease are known as a. Pathology

7 b. Endotoxins c. Pathogens d. Exotoxins 5. A poison that is produced by gram positive bacteria while the bacteria are still alive is known as a. Pathology b. Endotoxin c. Pathogens d. Exotoxin Unit: 3.2 Name: Section Title: Useful Bacteria Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: 1. Bacteria that can survive ONLY in the absence of oxygen are called obligate anerobes. a. True b. False 2. Ancient bacteria are typically referred to as archaebacteria. a. True b. False 3. Which of the following bacteria would you most likely find in very salty water? a. Chemoautotroph c. Halophile b. Cyanobacterium d. Thermoacidophile 4. One structure not found in a bacterial cell is a a. Cell wall b. Plasmid c. Nucleus d. DNA 5. The type of bacteria that feeds on other dead and decaying organisms is called a(n) a. Heterotroph c. Photoautotroph b. Saprophyte d. Chemoautotroph 6. Which type of bacteria CANNOT live without oxygen? a. Obligate anaerobes b. Obligate aerobes c. Facultative anaerobes d. All bacteria 7. Cocci bacteria are typically shaped like a. Grape-like clusters b. Spirals c. Rods d. Spheres 8. Pili serve what function in bacteria? a. Movement

8 b. Regulates movement of material into the cell c. Helps bacteria attach to other surfaces d. Helps protect bacteria in harsh environments Matching #1 9. staphylo a. rod-shaped 10. coccus b. chain 11. bacilli c. grape-like clusters 12. spirilla d. sphere shaped 13. strepto e. spiral shaped Matching #2 14. Cyanobacteria a. Archaebacteria; live ONLY in anaerobic anaerobic conditions like swamps and sewage. 15. Spirochetes b. Eubacteria; spiral-shaped; move using corkscrew motion. 16. Proteobacteria c. Archaebacteria; love hot and acidic environments. 17. Methanogens d. Eubacteria; photosynthetic; once referred to as blue-green algae. 18. Thermoacidophiles e. Eubacteria; chemoautotrophic; one type is enteric bacteria. 19. Which of the following appear purple when gram stained because of a thick peptidoglycan layer. a. Gram positive c. Archaebacteria b. Gram negative d. Methanogens 20. What archaebacteria live in extreme environments with high temperatures such as hot springs? a. Methanogens c. Thermoacidophiles b. Halophiles d. Cyanobacteria 21. Which of the following would have a blue green color? a. Spirochetes b. Proteobacteria c. Thermoacidophiles d. Cyanobacteria 22. Which is a type of asexual reproduction carried out by bacteria? a. Chemosynthesis b. Binary fission c. Eutrophication d. Peptidoglycan

9 23. Bacteria is known to cause diseases such as botulism and lyme disease. These bacteria would be known as a. Pathology b. Saprophytes c. Pathogens d. Antibiotics