ESR#1 Research Model

Transcription

1 The Correlation of Air Pressure & Wind Speed of Hurricane Andrew ESR#1 Research Model Research is about focused communication through clear scientific writing and sharing supporting evidence.

2 The Correlation of Air Pressure & Wind Speed of Hurricane Andrew ESR#1 Research Model Be very clear & thorough in the communication of what you are trying to convey to your audience or public. In the writing of science & science research, avoid using personal pronouns (you, my, our, he, she, & it). Reread your work out loud to your self. Assume you are writing to inform the general public and middleschoolers about your topics of research.

3 RESEARCH QUESTION Guides and centers your research - it should be clear and focused. Include in this section why the answer to this question would be important to learn. Is there a correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed?

4 TITLE - The title should describe & include the IV & DV The Effect of Surface Type on Heat Absorption. The Correlation between a Galaxy s Distance from Earth and its Velocity. The Relationship between Soil Porosity and Permeability. The Correlation of Air Pressure & Wind Speed of Hurricane Andrew

5 ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS (Your original hypothesis) Predict what you expect the data to show and include the IV & DV in your statement Does not need to be an if/then statement! Heat Absorption will be greater on surfaces with a darker color. As a Galaxy s distance from Earth increases, it velocity will increase. There is a correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed.

6 NULL HYPOTHESIS States that the independent variable has no effect on the dependent variable or that there is no difference between the control group and the experimental group Does not need to be an if/then statement! The Color of a Surface has no effect on Heat Absorption. A Galaxy s distance from Earth has no effect on its velocity. There is no correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed.

7 STATISTICAL DATA TABLES Includes Descriptive Statistics and Statistical Analysis Tables (Completed in Excel)

8 GRAPHS Includes a proper title, labeled x-axis and labeled y-axis (Completed in Excel)

9 RESULTS Describe the variables and method of research [include the time frame if applicable] Summarize trends shown by the graph and explain the relevant descriptive data Explain the results of the significance or correlation test Accept the alternative hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis or Fail to reject the null hypothesis and reject the alternative hypothesis

10 RESULTS Describe the variables and method of research [include the time frame if applicable] The air pressure and wind speed during Hurricane Andrew was measured and recorded every three hours between the dates of August 21, 1992 and August 26, 1992.

11 RESULTS Summarize trends shown by the graph and explain the relevant descriptive data The graph showed an inverse relationship between air pressure and wind speed. The air pressure decreased as the wind speed increased.

12 RESULTS Summarize trends shown by the graph and explain the relevant descriptive data Statisticians describe a set of data in 2 ways 1. Compute a measure of central tendency (number that is most typical of the entire set of data) Mode - value that occurs most often (in a tie, use both) Median - middle value when ranked highest to lowest Mean - mathematical average

13 RESULTS Summarize trends shown by the graph and explain the relevant descriptive data Statisticians describe a set of data in 2 ways 2. Describe variation (spread within the data - how closely the individual data points cluster around the mean) Range - difference between smallest & largest DV Standard Deviation - Average distance from the mean; the larger the standard deviation, the more spread the data around the mean.

14 RESULTS Summarize trends shown by the graph and explain the relevant descriptive data A total of 24 data points were recorded for both air pressure and wind speed. The lowest air pressure that was measured was 923mb which occurred when wind speeds were at a maximum of 175mph. The maximum air pressure was 1013mb which corresponded with the lowest wind speed of 50mph.

15 RESULTS Summarize trends shown by the graph and explain the relevant descriptive data The mean air pressure was 964mb and the standard deviation was The median was 952.5mb and mode was 945mb. The mean wind speed was 115.2mph and the standard deviation was The median was 130mph and mode was 150mph.

16 RESULTS Explain the results of the significance or correlation test The Pearson R Correlation test determined that the R-value was -.97 meaning there is a high correlation between air pressure and wind speed making the results significant.

17 RESULTS Accept the alternative hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis or Fail to reject the null hypothesis and reject the alternative hypothesis The alternative hypothesis that there is a correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed is accepted and the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed is rejected.

18 CONCLUSION State the Purpose Make a claim: Write a statement that answers the research question (Does the IV affect the DV?) and share the findings Explain the scientific concepts about the claim Explain the results of the significance or correlation test Accept the alternative hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis or Fail to reject the null hypothesis and reject the alternative hypothesis Discuss errors: Every project is potentially flawed; think about what kind of things could have interfered with data collection Discuss further research: How could you extend this research? What similar data could be studied?

19 CONCLUSION State the Purpose Make a claim: Write a statement that answers the research question (Does the IV affect the DV?) and share the findings The purpose was to determine if there is a correlation between Hurricane Andrew s air pressure and its wind speed. Through graphing and statistical analysis, it was determined that there is a correlation between air pressure and wind speed. The lowest air pressure measured was 923mb which occurred when wind speeds were at a maximum of 175mph and as the air pressure increased, the wind speed decreased.

20 CONCLUSION Explain the scientific concepts about the claim Winds begin with differences in air pressures. Pressure that is higher at one place than another sets up a pressure gradient force pushing from the high toward the low pressure. The greater the difference in pressures, the stronger the force. The distance between the area of high pressure and the area of low pressure also determines how fast the moving air is accelerated. In a hurricane, the extremely low pressure in the center and the much higher pressures not far away from the eye creates a strong gradient force which causes the high winds.

21 CONCLUSION Explain the results of the significance or correlation test The Pearson R Correlation test determined that the R-value was -.97 meaning there is a high correlation between air pressure and wind speed making the results significant.

22 CONCLUSION Accept the alternative hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis or Fail to reject the null hypothesis and reject the alternative hypothesis The alternative hypothesis that there is a correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed is accepted and the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between a hurricane's air pressure and wind speed is rejected.

23 CONCLUSION Discuss errors: Every project is potentially flawed; think about what kind of things could have interfered with data collection Possibilities for error may include instrumentation problems and misreading values.

24 CONCLUSION Discuss further research: How could you extend this research? What similar data could be studied? Further research would include analyzing other hurricane data or determining if the air pressure affects storm surge levels along the coastline.

25 RESEARCH QUESTION Guides and centers your research - it should be clear and focused. Include in this section why the answer to this question would be important to learn. (So what? Who cares? How would researching hurricanes help the public?) Understanding the implications of differences in air pressure and wind speed in a hurricane could help with tracking powerful tropical storms. More accurate warnings may lead to less damage of personal property and less loss of life if citizens are able to prepare ahead of time.