SOLAR ASSESSMENT IN ALGERIA USING RETSCREEN DATABASE

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1 SOLAR ASSESSMENT IN ALGERIA USING RETSCREEN DATABASE Abdeladim kamel,salim Bouchakour, Amar Hadj Arab, Farida Cherfa,S. Semaoui, Abdelhak Razagui Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables. CDER. BP 62 Route de l'observatoire Bouzaréah Algiers. Algeria Abstract In order to consolidate results obtained during previous assessments, where solar maps for Algeria were established. RETScreen software was used in this study in order to strengthen results obtained. RETScreen International Clean Energy Project Analysis Software is the leading tool specifically aimed at facilitating pre-feasibility and feasibility analysis of clean energy technologies. By using the software, we were able to determine the solar potential using 3 different types of data. 61 sites were considered in this work; solar radiation and meteorological data are mainly provided by the NASA agency (analyzed satellite data) or from weather monitoring stations on the ground for 10 sites. The results show a great potential for most parts, especially in the southern part of the country. This contribution could give an important information and feedback, which can be used as a database for future investments in the solar sector in the country. In fact, recently, the government within the framework of the Algerian programme for renewable energy has increased its goal concerning the electricity production from renewable, which is now set to 25 GW to be installed by Keywords: RETSceen, NASA data,solar Radiation, Meteorological data. 1. Introduction The capacity of the photovoltaic solar plant will increase to MW in the national renewable energy development program launched back in Therefore, photovoltaic share will be the major part of the plan. [1] In order to optimize current installations and those planned for the future as part of the deployment of large-scale program.knowledge of the solar potential available on the site where the system will be installed is crucial. This assessment must take into account the daily and seasonal variations, solar radiation and load profile. However, mapping of solar radiation depends on the availability of measured data. Unfortunately, the number of station providing the measurement of radiometric data remains insufficient. Studies of the solar radiation were conducted in recent works [2-8]. The idea in this work is to use the data available at the RETScreen database. Data measured on ground, meteorological and radiometric data estimated by the NASA were considered. RETScreen has been designed and developed by the Agency of Natural Resources Government of Canada. [9] Thanks to the availability of this database, we were able to draw up our maps using Surfer software with a fair precision. These maps will be added to others that we have already established in other previous studies. 2. Data treatment 2.1. Data used Data from RETScreen tool database were considered where 61 sites are available in the database. In this climate database, we can distinguish three types of data categories: -Data measured on the ground. -Satellite data of the improved NASA. -Mixed data (ground measured and estimated by NASA). In Figure 1, are given the type of data, for the sites over the National territory. of Corresponding Author:k.abdeladim@cder.dz

2 Solar radiation estimated by NASA Ground Data ECRES 3. European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems, Antalya, TURKEY, Oct Figure 1. Distribution of type data available through the National territory. On Table 1,are represented all sites across the country with their geographical coordinates. by category. depending on the availability of data. Table 1. List of sites by category of available data. Site Alt. (m) Lat. ( ) Long. ( ) Tamanrasset Tamanrasset Adrar Timimoun El Goléa Ghardaïa El Oued Biskra Oran Airport Alger Port Djanet Illizi In Salah Tindouf In Amenas Béni Abbes Béchar HassiMessaoud Ouargla Airport Touggourt Mécheria El Bayadh Tlemcen Airport Tébéssa TiaretAéroport Mascara Batna BordjBouArréridj

3 Data by NASA ECRES 3. European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems, Antalya, TURKEY, Oct SétifAéroport Constantine Alger Airport Béjaïa Annaba Jijel Skikda In Guezzam Reggane Aoulef Tindouf AïnSefra El Hadjira (Ouargla) Guerrara El Abiodh Sid Cheikh HassiKhelifa Laghouat Al-Mghaïr Aflou Zeribet El Oued Djelfa Saïda Boussaada AïnDeheb (Tiaret) HassiBahbah Khenchela Barika AïnOussera M'sila Chettia Chlef Blida Collo Parameters considered for the study The climatic database that RETScreen holds consists of meteorological and radiometric data. Meteorological data concern the data of: - Air temperature - Relative humidity - Atmospheric pressure - Wind speed - Temperature at the ground surface. Radiometric data concerns data: - The daily irradiation on horizontal plane. We can distinguish: - 10 measurement sites on the ground sites where the global irradiation is estimated are provided by the American agency NASA sites where the meteorological data including radiometric estimated, they are provided by the American agency NASA. In figure 2, are represented relative humidity and air temperature parameters measured on ground for 4 sites among the 10 sites available on the climate database. Among these sites, Tamanrasset 1 looks the site, which is characterized by the driest climate, where the average relative humidity rarely exceeds 25%. 3

4 ECRES 3. European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems, Antalya, TURKEY, Oct Figure 2. Evolution of monthly averages of measured air temperature and relative humidity. 3. Data validation With an aim to check the accuracy of the data available at RETScreen database, with those measured by the National office of Meteorology (ONM, Algeria), a basic relation allowing the calculation of the relative error was used, the relation is given as follow: e r % = 100 G est G meas G meas (1) G est : is the measured global solar irradiation by NASA G meas : is the measured global solar irradiation by ONM In table 2, are presented the results for the relative error comparing measured and those given by NASA agency, the calculation was performed for only five (05) available sites. We can remark that the data from NASA are almost the same for the 5 cases, the maximum error was obtained for the site of Algiers with a value approaching 19% for the month of April, however the model was able to give the value for the month of April for Tamanrasset site. Table 2. Monthly relative error values (%) Jan Fev Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Algiers Oran Ghardaïa Béchar Tamanrasset Solar maps production Using SURFER software, with the Kriging method, different maps were produced in order to represent the Algerian solar potential. Monthly and yearly maps were established. In Figure 3, are shown a sample of maps representing the yearly Algerian solar potential and the solar potential for different seasons, where we see the availability of global irradiation received on horizontal plane for the whole country. Note that the south region of the country has a greater solar potential than other regions. 4

5 ECRES 3. European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems, Antalya, TURKEY, Oct Fig. 3.a: Yearly average global solar irradiance received on normal plane Fig. 3.b: Daily global solar irradiance received on normalplane in Winter Fig. 3.c: Daily global solar irradiance received on normal plane in Spring Fig. 3.d: Daily global solar irradiance received on normalplane in Summer Fig. 3.e: Daily global solar irradiance received on normalplane in Autumn 5

6 ECRES 3. European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems, Antalya, TURKEY, Oct Conclusion The use of the database available with RETScreen software helped us to consolidate the studies that preceded it, including the production of solar maps of Algeria with acceptable accuracy. This step for the assessment of solar energy potential remains essential. It should be noted that the solar systems depend of this study is done beforehand. The study has confirmed that Algeria holds one of the most important potential in the region. Under the updated version of the national program dedicated to renewable energies, the share of photovoltaic has been revised upwards, where it is scheduled an installation capacity of 13,575 MW. However, 23 photovoltaic power plants with a capacity of 343 megawatts (MW) are expected to be received in the highlands and the south by the end of 2015, among others that of Djanet has been received recently with a facility of 3 MW capacity. References [1] [2]Hadjarab A., B. Aitdriss, R. Amimeur and E. Lorenzo Photovoltaicsystems sizing for Algeria. Solar Energy. 54: [3]Mefti A., M.Y. Bouroubi& A. Khellaf Analyse Critique du Modèle de l Atlas Solaire de l Algérie. Revue des Energies Renouvelables 2:69-85 [4]Mefti. A., M.Y. Bouroubi and A. Adane Generation of hourly solar radiation for inclined surfaces us ing monthly mean sunshine duration in Algeria. Energy Conversion and Management 44: [5] Abdeladim K Cartographie éolienne-solaire de certaines régions de l Algérie. Technical Rapport. C.D.E.R. Bouzaréah.Algeirs. [6] Abdeladim K., Hadj-Arab A. Cartographie solaire sur la majeure partie du territoire national. 2èmes Journées Internationales sur les Énergies Renouvelables et le Développement Durable. Laghouat Juin 2012 [7] Abdeladim K.,Hadj-Arab A.,Chouder A.,Cherfa F., Bouchakour S. and Kerkouche K. Contribution for Solar Mapping in Algeria. Dincer et al. (eds.). Progress in Sustainable Energy Technologies Vol 1. Chapter 26. DOI / _26. Springer International Publishing Switzerland [8] K. Abdeladim, A. Chouder, S. Bouchakour, A. Hadj Arab, F. BoukhtoucheCherfa& K. Kerkouche Contribution for Solar Assessment and Mapping in Algeria Using Appropriate Models. 28 th EU PVSEC /09/- 04/10/2013. Paris. France. [9]RETScreen. RETScreen International.Natural resources Canada