(Adapted from Goodman & Cecil 2002)
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1 WeatherRadar and LightningObservations ofmesoscaleconvective Systems in thesouth of Brazil Cesar Beneti, Augusto Pereira Filho, Eloa Damian Lenardo Calvetti
2 Lightning Incidencein in SoutheasternSouth America (Adapted from Goodman & Cecil 2002)
3 Lightning Incidencein in SoutheasternSouth America SeazonalVariation Spring Summer Fall Winter
4 PrecipitationDistributionin in SoutheasternSouth America SeazonalVariation Spring Summer Fall Winter
5 Synoptic Influencefor for MCS Occurrencein Southeastern South America South American Low Level Jet SALLJEX (Vera et al 2006) MCC frequency during warm season( ) Durkeeet et al. (2009)
6 Southeastern Brazil More than70% ofgdp (Gross Domestic Product) Major cities: SaoPaulo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba (> 80million people) Power generation, Agriculture, Petrolrefineries, Industries Itaipu Power Plant 1300km IntegratedNationalPower Transmission Lines 1700km
7 Southeastern Brazil More than70% ofgdp (Gross Domestic Product) Major cities: SaoPaulo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba (> 80million people) Power generation, Agriculture, Petrolrefineries, Industries IntegratedNationalPower Transmission Lines Itaipu Power Plant 1700km 1300km In Parana State: -6.8% GDP - Largest Grain Production (55% Wheat, 25% Beans) - Hidropower Generation 35% Brazil 95% Paraguay (Electric Energy in Brazil is 80% Hydro-generation)
8 HydrometeorologicalSystem in Parana S-Band Doppler Weather Radar 45 automatic weather stations 1000km 47 automatic hydrological stations Satellite processing LightningSensors: LPATS, IMPACT, LS7000, LS8000 Integration with 60 AWS 50 Hydrological Automatic Stations (INMET, EPAGRI, and others)
9 Methodology Lightning Data (Jan2000- Dec2010) Brazilian Lightning DetectionNetwork Data in Parana: - Cloud-to-Ground detectionsensors - Lightning flashes (groupindividual strokes) - Peak Current Intensity(kA) - LightningFlash Polarity - Time and Location ofindividual flashes within the storms Sensor Location Flash Density Distribution Naccaratoet al. (2009)
10 Methodology Radar Data (Jan2000-Dec2010) Doppler WeatherRadar in Parana: - S-Band - 1.0deg beamwidth - Volumetricdata every 10-15minutes15minutes - Reflectivity,DopplerVelocity, Spectral Width - Quality controlled data - Interpolation2km x2km x0.5km
11 Methodology Radar Data (Jan2000-Dec2010) Doppler WeatherRadar in Parana: - Convective Stratiform partitioning usingvil (Vertically Integraded Liquid) - Ellipsis fitting - Lightingflashes identifiedin in stratiform/convective regions
12 MCS Example 04/Oct Oct/2005 ColdFront displacement through the area: - hail and strong precipitationin in Parana, - intense lightning activity, - wind gust> 15m/s, - 5 transmission towers collapsed.
13 MCS Example 04/Oct Oct/2005 GFS Analysis 05/Oct/ UTC GFS - Analysis 04/ /Oct/ UTC
14 MCS Synoptic Characteristics Isolated Convection GFS-Analysis Mean Fields MCS (organized, size>100km)
15 MCS Precipitation Regimes Clustering Algorithm(KMEANS) applied totheradar data as FAD (Frequency withaltitude Diagrams):
16 MCS Precipitation Regimes Radar CellOrganization: Isolated Convection: Cluster1 76% Cluster2 19% MCS (>100km): Cluster2 32% Cluster3 54% LLTS (>200km): Cluster2 27% Cluster3 54%
17 MCS Precipitation Regimes RADAR/FAD Diurnal Cycle LIGHTNING Diurnal Cycle Norm malized RFO Normalized dave. # Flashes TIME(UTC) TIME(UTC)
18 MCS Radar Characteristics Diurnal and Annual Cycles Isolated Convection MCS (organized, size>100km) Frequency Frequency Frequency Frequency TIME (UTC) TIME (UTC) Month Month
19 MCS Radar Characteristics MeanVertical Reflectivity Profile 30-35dBZ 35dBZ in mixed phase layer(~0c to-10c) X >40dBZ above-10c
20 MCS Radar Characteristics FAD for Isolated Convection and Leading Line, Trailing Stratiform (CDEP) MCS events: CDEP Neg Isolated Convection CDEP Pos
21 MCS Lightning Characteristics Diurnal and Annual Cycles for MCS TIME (UTC) Month LightningFlash PeakCurrent(kA) observed within the MCS clusters Peak Current (ka)
22 MCS Lightning Characteristics LightningFlash PeakCurrent(kA) observed within the MCS clusters Boxplot for lightningflashes identified in the convective and stratiform areas of the MCS. C convective region S stratiform region
23 PARANA WEATHER RADAR NETWORK EXPANSION RADAR TEIXEIRA SOARES (EAST) S-Band Doppler RADAR CASCAVEL (WEST) S-Band Dual-Pol TXS Radar (East) S-Band, Doppler, 1.0deg beam width, since Cascavel Radar (West) - S-Band Dual Polarization, 1.0deg beam width, in operation mid-2013
24 BRAZILIAN LIGHTNING DETECTION NETWORK / Parana Upgrade Upgrade of Lightning DetectionSensors ( Total Lightning sensors) BLDN Parana BLDN Parana
25
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