Miniradar site Requirements (Action 6.1 and 7.1)

Transcription

1 THE ADRIARadNet PROJECT Miniradar site Requirements (Action 6.1 and 7.1) F. Marzano, E. Picciotti, G. Cinque University of L Aquila 1

2 Outline of Talk 1. Radar system overview 2. Miniradar application and use 3. Installation plan within the ADRIARadNet Project 2

3 Radar basics Radars (Radio Detection and Ranging) have an important role in the field of meteorology and hydrology providing valuable information about the location and intensity of precipitation Main Feature: - Real time precipitation monitoring over a large area - Rain, hail and snow identification - Severe weather allarms - Nowcasting (short time prediction of rain field) RAIN RATE 3

4 Principle of Operation Radar system transmit and receive an electromagnetic signals at S, C or X band scanning a large portion of the atmosphere using different elevation antenna angle. TX Based on received power (also called reflectivity Z) we can estimate the rain rate R (mm/h). mixer antenna RX Display 4

5 Radar Measurement Issues Before the conversion into Rain Rate we have to remove all non meteorological echos (clutter, beam block, interference and so on) Uncorrected Z (Rain+Clutter+Interference) Corrected Z (Rain) 5

6 Typical Radar Operative Chain 1 2 Quality Control Volume radar Gauge Network Uncorrected Z 5 Corrected Z 3 RadarALG Product Generation 4 Gauge Adjustment Calibrate RAIN 6

7 Radar Classification (1) Radars could be classified on transmitted/received frequency signal Frequency band Typical application 2-4 GHz 7-15 cm S-band Very long-range precipitation (400km) 4-8 GHz 4-7 cm C-band Long-range precipitation (200km) 8-16 GHz 2-4 cm X-band Short/medium -range precipitation (70 km) C and S band disadvantages: HIGH COSTS OF RADAR Over millions euro HIGH COSTS OF INFRASTRUCTURE Shelter, ground building, radar tower and UPS system Many licences required for installation HIGH COSTS OF MANAGEMENT Specialized personnel for maintenance Need of expensive spare parts During system faults, a large area is not covered X band disadvantages: LIMITED OBSERVATION RANGE Usually below km SIGNAL ATTENUATION Especially for heavy rain LOW SENSIBILITY Especially for longer range 7

8 Typical antenna Size S band 1 m Banda C 5 m 15 m X band 8

9 Radar Classification (2) Radars could be classified on technology: with dual polarization capability the difference between H and V received signal give us more informations ZH ZH, ZDR, LDR, PHIDP Single polarizzation Single polarization advantages: LOWER COST FOR PURCHASE LOWER COST FOR MAINTENANCE EASIER TO MANAGE Dual polarization Dual polarization advantages: HYDROMETEOR CLASSIFICATION (hail, rain, snow, ) BETTER RAIN ESTIMATION BETTER ALGORITHMS FOR CLUTTER AND ATTENUATION CORRECTION 9

10 Radar location in Europe C band S band Operative C/S-band Radars in Europe X-band Radars in Italy 10

11 Italy radar composite maps Reflectivity (Z) Rain rate (R) 11

12 Hail on Abruzzo Region, 30 June 2011 Marche Region Abruzzo Region LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 13

13 Flood on Rome area, 11 November 2012 Heavy Rain Light Rain ACCUMULATED RAIN (mm) LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 14

14 Outline of Talk 1. Radar system overview 2. Miniradar application and use 3. Installation plan within the ADRIARadNet Project 15

15 Why I have to use a Miniradar? At urban scale (within about 60 km) and for urban needs, often day by day questions are: Is parking safe for my car? Is my umbrella necessary to go out? Is the rain accumulation enough to flood the underground? 16

16 MiniRadar System Application A miniradar system is the best solution for monitoring area that needs high space and temporal resolution (as an example urban area) this is possible through a series of key products MINIRADAR FEATURES Real time monitoring over short area. Rain and Hail identification Severe weather monitoring Nowcasting applications Gap filling within national radar networks Low purchase and infrastructure costs Low management cost 17

17 Rome test Site We are testing some products with a Miniradar site in the heart and Art of Rome Miniradar site Coliseum radar images (70 km range) 18

18 May 22, 2013 Rainstorm on Rome area Strong Z area at 20 UTC R (mm/h) in downtown at 18 UTC Urban ring 12 hours accumulated R (mm) caused flooding and interruption of the subway line 19

19 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 03:00 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 20

20 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 03:10 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 21

21 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 03:20 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 22

22 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 03:30 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 23

23 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 03:40 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 24

24 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 03:50 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 25

25 HAIL EVENT on November, Cold front system migrating from northwest to southeast. 04:00 UTC LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 26

26 HAIL EVENT on November, LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 04:10 UTC Cold front is in Urban area of Rome 27

27 Miniradar Products: POH, SRI POH at 04:00 UTC SRI at 04:00 UTC LOW MODERATE HIGH PROBABILITY OF HAIL (POH) LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY RAIN RATE ESTIMATION (R) 28

28 Miniradar Products: Nowcasting The nowcasting is aimed at short-term forecast (maximum one hour) of rain field Radar Horizontal maps Predicted horizontal maps t Analysis window Nowcasting algorithm Requirement: Execution time < t Forecast window The nowcasting techniques we are developing for ADRIARadNet purpose is under testing See realtime image at: 29

29 Hail on Naples area, 26 May 2012 caused temporary interruption of the highway LIGHT MODERATE HEAVY 30

30 Outline of Talk 1. Radar system overview 2. Miniradar application and use 3. Installation plan within the ADRIARadNet Project 31

31 ADRIARadNet and Miniradar ADRIARadNet project foreseen the installation and testing (through a measurement campaign) of 4 X-band miniradar sytems. Two of them in Italy (Marche and Abruzzo Region), one in Croatia and one Albania WP6 Marche/Abruzzo campaign WP7 Croatia/Albania campaign 32 32

32 WP6: Test Campaign in Central Italy WP6 HAS 3 ACTIONS WITH TOTAL AMOUNT Euro Act. Start End Description of the Work 6.1 NOW APR 2014 Radar site individuation Radar site preparation Radar purchase Radar installation and commissioning Act. Start date End date Description of the Work 6.2 MAY 2014 JUN 2014 Measurements campaign utilizing Radar data Act. Start date End date Description of the Work 6.3 JUL 2014 SEP 2014 Data analysis from campaign 33

33 Radar location in Europe C band S band X-band Radars in Italy 34

34 WP6 Status Regards action 6.1, the two radar site has been choice, tender procedure for radar purchase and site preparation will be finalized out within next June Cingoli (Marche) 800 m. Tortoreto (Abruzzo) 10 m. 35

35 WP6: Tortoreto site for Abruzzo Region In the Tortoreto site the radar will be installed on a building roof above a suitable telescopic tower Building Roof 36

36 WP6: Cingoli site for Marche Region In the Cingoli site the radar will be installed on the top of an existing telecom tower duly arranged to allow maintenance operation (a walkway and banister must be included) Tower radar banister walkway tower Design 37

37 WP7: Test Campaign in Balkanan Area WP7 HAS 3 ACTIONS WITH TOTAL AMOUNT Euro Act. Start End Description of the Work 7.1 NOW APR 2014 Radar site individuation Radar site preparation Radar purchase Radar installation and commissioning Act. Start date End date Description of the Work 7.2 MAY 2014 JUN 2014 Measurements campaign utilizing Radar data Act. Start date End date Description of the Work 7.3 JUL 2014 SEP 2014 Data analysis from campaign 38

38 Radar Site Choice The choice of a good radar site may prove a complex and long operation. The first step is to seek for the best suitable area, based on radar visibility, hydrogeological and meteorological criteria and taking into account the existing radar coverage The second step is the identification of the radar site itself, which must carried out on the field" through a series of visual inspections taking into account the aspects described in the next slides 39

39 Radar location in Europe C band S band 40

40 Radar siting in Croatia (1) Currently the area of Dubrovnik (and in general the coast) is not well covered by the Croatian network radar formed by two S-band radar on internal area (see below the composite images taken from Croatian Hydro Meteorological Service website) Covered area by the two S-band radar 41

41 Radar siting in Croatia (2) Where are you planning to install the radar??

42 Radar location in Europe C band S band 43

43 Radar siting in Albania Coverage supposing radar at Tirana Ariport Regards the Albania the coastal area of the central part (near Durres) seems to be the best area where installing a miniradar being far from the high mountains present in the inland territory An alternative might be to install the radar in internal area on top of a mountain but be aware at the logistic constraints 44

44 Radar Site Choice The choice of a suitable radar site may prove a complex and long operation. The first step is to seek for the best suitable area, based on radar visibility, hydrogeological and meteorological criteria and taking into account the existing radar coverage The second step is the identification of the radar site itself, which must carried out on the field" through a series of visual inspections taking into account the aspects described in the next slide 45

45 Second step: Radar Site Aspects From visual inspection take in account different aspects: Visibility aspect Free horizon from obstacles that can interfere with the radar beam Logistic aspects Altitudes preferentially under 1000 meters Presence of roads open to allow access to crane and vehicles Access secure and fenced to avoid burglary risks and theft Technical aspects Existence of connection to the electric line Existence of communication link to data transfer in remote site Radio-protection aspects No residential building within a kilometer is preferred Absence of transmitter with the same emission frequencies Administrative aspect Absence of specific restriction in the installation area 46

46 Second step: visibility aspect (1) At the lowest elevations mounts or building may cause a block of the radar beam along some sector reducing the radar visibility. Obviously the radar site should be have a good optical visibility so the radar beam can travel to detect the targets without blockage or without force to raise the elevation angle radar beam shoul be avoided close to radar different elevation angle RADAR 47

47 Second step: visibility aspect (2) high mountains are too close no obstacle visible from afar A bad radar site A good radar site 48

48 Types of Installation Generally 2 types of installations are possible: 1) On the building roof (or on the ground) with a suitable new tower, preferably telescopic 2) On existing infrastructure like telecoms tower duly arranged to allow to put the radar on the top and to allow maintenance operation (a walkway and a banister must be included) The first option, utilizing a suitable tower (mast), should be preferred because it allows to perform the operations of maintenance and installation much more easily and at low cost 49

49 Example of installation (1) On the building roof radar On the ground tower Concrete platform miss the tower 50

50 Example of installation (2) On the existing telecoms tower radar banister walkway tower 51

51 Miniradar typical dimensions and weight Transmitted, received and antenna are usually inside the radome cm Max 150 cm Typical Frequency Measurable Typical range Tower Weigh (if need) Radar Weigh About 9.4 GHz Reflectivity (Z) Up to 100 Km Less than 150 Kg Less than 100 Kg 2-5 m If needed, a suitable tower should be provided by the Supplier together with the radar sensor. It should be arranged before the radar sensor installation (a concrete platform is required) Here we tried to take into account X band radar systems features (available on the European market) with budget consistent with those foreseen by ADRIARadNet project 52

52 Inside the radome. Parabolic antenna Transmitted and Received 53

53 Communication link highlight Usually a computer (PC Server) will be provided by Suppier at Radar Site and one additional computer (PC Client) at Control Centre (located at FB3/FB6 premises). Ethernet TCP/IP connections usually is required so in the radar site a network switch, hub or router must be available. An IP must be assigned both PC Server and Client. Radar Site Control Center DATA ARCHIVE DATA ARCHIVE PRODUCT DISPLAY STORAGE STORAGE PRODUCT GENERATOR switch LAN/WAN RADAR CONTROL PCServer ethernet cable PC Client 54

54 On-site installation typical scheme FB3/FB6 duties Supplier duties Consumption: about 250W Electricity type: 220V, 50Hz, single phase Radar Edifice or shelter is required for PC Server ospitality Raceways are required if needed Communication link by Customer Switch Cables for Radar- Server PC link for power and data transfert PC Server The distance beetwen Radar and Server PC restrictively under 90 meters and preferentially under 50 meters 55

55 Miniradar Supplier Duties The miniradar Supplier (winner of Public Procurement for radar purchase, installation and commissioning ) is responsible for: 1. Provide Miniradar sensor, PC Server and PC Client 2. Provide all connection cables 3. Provide a suitable tower (preferably a telescopic mast) where to place the miniradar (if requested) 4. Provide all other auxiliary units (i.e UPS) 5. Shipment of Miniradar + auxiliary units in radar site 6. Installation and Commissioning of miniradar systems in the selected site indicated by FB3/FB6 All these requirement for Supplier are included in the technical specifications of the Invitation to tender for RADAR PURCHASE (see WP7_RadarPurchaseTender_v1.doc already sent by Frank) 56

56 FB3 and FB6 Duties Radar site must be properly arranged by FB3 and FB6 before the installation, that is: Shall be arranged a shelter or edifice near radar sensor to host PC Server. The shelter should be equipped with desk, chairs and air conditioning (for the summer) and heating (for the winter) Shall be arranged raceways for the laying of the cables between radar and PC Server Shall be installed the tower where to put the radar (or duly arranged an existing tower) Shall be provided communication link and electric power Arrange other aspect in according with radar Supplier indications Obtaining all licences and permission required All preparation work must be included in the Invitation to tender for RADAR SITE PREPARATION. In fact a separate tender is required for radar site preparation, we strongly recommend to seek site already partially arranged to reduce costs and wasting time. 57

57 Thanks for your Attention 58