What s New in the World of Winter Maintenance Technology. Laser Road Surface Sensor (LRSS) Functional Description

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1 What s New in the World of Winter Maintenance Technology Dennis Burkheimer Winter Operations Administrator Iowa Department of Transportation John Scharffbillig Fleet Manager Minnesota Department of Transportation Laser Road Surface Sensor (LRSS) Laser Road Surface Sensor (LRSS) Functional Description An Active, Laser Road Surface Sensor (LRSS) can classify surface conditions (dry, wet, snow and ice-covered) over a wide target area in any lighting conditions. System is non-intrusive, designed to be placed along side a roadway on a mounting pole or existing RWIS site. An image is taken of target area and sent to a monitoring station or stored for later retrieval. 4/21/2005

2 System installation/ operation Typical LRSS image Snow Vehicle Tire Paths Ice EACH IMAGE IS ASSIGNED SERIES AND IMAGE NUMBER TIME AND DATE STAMPED RANGE TO CENTER OF IMAGE Infrared image vs. Black and White image WATER AND SLUSH IN TIRE TRACK

3 Hot Plate Snow Gauge New device used to measure precipitation- Melts falling snow in plate and can handle liquid rates up to 2 inches per hour Measures the amount of power needed to evaporate precipitation on the upper plate while keeping its surface temperature constant. The second plate, positioned directly under the evaporating plate and heated to the same temperature as the top, factors out cooling from the wind. Key Features of System Solid state system that uses no moving parts, reducing maintenance costs Aluminum construction Measures both rain and snow Plates operate at 130 degrees F Can be integrated with a decision support system Developed by researchers from National Center for Atmospheric research and Desert Research Institute

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5 Maintenance Decision Support System (MDSS) The MDSS combines: Advanced weather prediction Advanced road condition prediction Rules of practice for anti-icing and de-icing Generates treatment recommendations on a route-by-route basis Goals of the MDSS Project: Better road-specific forecasts A higher level-of-service on roadways A cost savings from reduced use of resources (material, equipment, labor) Less impact on the environment State DOT * MDSS Stakeholders 35 State Participants *Includes the District of Columbia

6 Overview MDSS Project Schedule FY2000: FY2001: FY2002: FY2003: FY2004: FY2005: Requirements Analysis Conceptual Prototype Development MDSS Development, Technology Release-1 Field Demonstration 1, Technology Release-2 Field Demonstration 2, Technology Release-3 Technology Transfer to Private Sector MDSS Prototype Focus Areas Weather Component Focus : Event start and stop times Surface temperature Precipitation type Precipitation rate Precipitation accumulation Conditional probabilities Surface wind speed Surface wind direction Surface visibility MDSS Prototype Focus Areas Road Component Focus: Pavement temperature and trends Pavement chemical concentration Pavement friction coefficient Pavement contamination (liquid, snow, ice, etc.) Snow drifting

7 MDSS Test Bed Winter Maintenance Decisions Supported by MDSS Treatment Type (chemical, plow, sand, etc.) Treatment Amount (lbs per lane mile, etc.) Treatment Location (plow routes) Treatment Timing (start/end)

8 MDSS Pooled fund project Six states pooled research funds to transition the MDSS prototype to a value added meteorological company (Meridian Environmental, Inc.) South Dakota (lead) North Dakota Iowa Minnesota Indiana Colorado

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11 Flow boy trailer 16 ton dry material 2,700 gallons liquid

12 Slush blade developments

13 Snowmobile shock absorber One-foot segments Slush blade design incorporating 12 snowmobile shock absorbers to keep foot long sections of slush blade constantly in contact with the surface of the roadway Practice CRP 17A- Living snow fence Payments made by Farm Service Agency (FSA), Field planting plan approved through Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) year contract period Must be on North or West side of roadway CRP program makes annual payments for native grass and tree/shrub area Landowner paid bonuses for sign-up and planting that nearly pay for everything Spring FSA/NRCS County offices will contact IADOT supervisors for planning meeting to discuss marketing program in each county.

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15 Friction Meter

16 Hitch-Style Road Grip Tester RGT design will be capable of mounting on various ODOT vehicle types through the use of its reese-style hitch. No restrictions or endorsements, such as a CDL, are required to operate this vehicle. RGT - Design Goals The initial goal was to create a system that could sense road surface conditions to help form an objective opinion of how well we are performing snow and ice removal. A secondary goal was to give the operators a system that could warn them when they are traveling on low grip surfaces. Prototype Mounted in the spring of 2002 on ODOT s Prototype truck. Truck contained a Force America CommandAll Hydraulic System and a ThomTech GPS System with data collection capabilities. Prototype contained an in-cab display of 10 green, 10 amber and 10 red lights.

17 Results - Winter During a light morning snow, different levels of traffic and pavement types possibly affected the surface friction. Black Ice During the early morning, rain with falling temperatures formed a 1/8 to ¼ ice sheet. Columbus, Ohio 3/1/ PM

18 RGT - Goals Test and evaluate during snow and ice events, specifically looking for accuracy of low-grip readings. Evaluate the timeliness required to receive and process the data being collected by the RGT. If the above evaluations are acceptable, begin to plan the implementation of a realtime response/warning to the motoring public during low-grip events. Lastly, provide a warning device which alerts the operator of low grip areas, helping to insure the operator s safety as well as the motoring public around him. Ohio DOT s Multi Purpose 1 Phase-3 MP-1 Body Construction 1 st tall tank Capacity: 1590 gallon Center back tank Capacity: 550 gallon 2 side tanks Capacity: 600 gallon each Center Hopper with 7 cubic yard capacity

19 Satellite TV AVL AVL uses GEO, LEO & GPS satellite systems Military & Communications SAIL II System Diagram

20 Testing Of Heads-Up Display Final Test Model Gen-5

21 Determining the Position of the Sensor Set Position 1 OK Position 2 NG Determining the Position of the Sensor Set Position 1 More than 100m Area for Detecting Obstacle 15.5m Area for Detecting Obstacle (Width 11.7m) (Width 8.8m) Sensor

22 The Effect of Heating Turned off Turned on The effect of dissolving snow Application of a Driving System to a Snowplow Snowplow Application of a Driving System to a Snowplow On-Board Display D-GPS Antenna Personal Computer On-Board Display and Personal Computer Millimeter Radio Wave Sensor Millimeter Radio Wave Sensor and D-GPS Antenna

23 Japan Head-Up Display Loader

24 QUESTIONS

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