TRANSACTION S INTERNATIONA L ASTRONOMICA L UNION VOLUM E XXI A REPORTS

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1 TRANSACTION S OF THE INTERNATIONA L ASTRONOMICA L UNION VOLUM E XXI A REPORTS

2 INTERNATIONA L COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFI C UNIONS INTERNATIONA L ASTRONOMICA L UNION UNION ASTRONOMIQU E INTERNATIONAL E TRANSACTION S OF THE INTERNATIONA L ASTRONOMICA L UNION VOLUM E XXI A REPORTS ON ASTRONOMY Edited by DEREK McNALL Y GeneralSecretaryof the Union * SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V. I M

3 Librar y of Congres Cataloging-in-Publication Data Reports on astronomy / edite d by Derek McNally. p. cm. (Transaction s o f th e Internationa l Astronomica l Union ; v. 21A) ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Astronomy Congresses. 2. Astrophysics Congresses. I. McNally, Derek. II. Internationa l Astronomica l Union. III. Series. QB1.I6 vol.21a 520 s dc20 [ CIP ISBN Printed on acid-freepaper All RightsReserved 1991 SpringerScience+BusinessMedia Dordrecht Originally publishedby Kluwer AcademicPublishersin 1991 Softcovereprint of the hardcover1st edition 1991 No part of the material protectedby this copyright notice may be reproducedor utilized in any form or by any means,electronicor mechanicalincluding photocopying, recording or by any information storageand retrieval system,without written permission from the publisher.

4 v Foreword Reports on Astronomy represent a triennial survey of the progress of Astronomy. They are not an abstracting service, such as Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, nor a volume of reviews. An abstracting service aims to be comprehensive, while no review volume can encapsulate the whole of astronomy. Because Reports are contributed by the Commissions of the Union, it covers the whole of Astronomy for the preceeding 3 years terminating for Volume XXIA on 1990 June 30. However, beca use of press ure of spa ce, Reports ca nnot be comprehensive but must concentrate on what each Commission considers to be important at the time of compilation. The subjective element thus introduced into the selection of the material is not a bad thing -users of Reports can get a rapid overview of those matters considered of importance in particular subject ar'eas which may well direct their subsequent searches of the literature more fruitfully, The Commissions have produced their expected high standard in their Reports. The Reports are varied in style and manner of reporting as befits the varied nature of the tasks allotted to each Commission. Nevertheless, Reports constitute a unique triennial record of the trends and directions in astronomy. I would like to thank each Commission President for organising the compilation of their report and their Organising Committees who frequently were equal partners in the task. I would also express my appreciation to Monique Orine for her work in assembling the reports and for proding (it must be admitted) the tardy few. I hope this volume will prove as useful to the Astronomical Community as its predecessors. Derek McNally Genera 1 Secreta ry, IAU 1990 December

5 vi i CONTENTS REPORTS OF COMMISSIONS Foreword v Ephemerides/Ephemerides Documentation & Astronomical Data/ Documentation & Donnees astronomiques Astronomical Telegrams/Telegrammes astronomiques Celestial Mechanics/Mecanique celeste Positional Astronomy/Astronomie de Position Instruments & Techniques/Instruments & Techniques Solar Activity/Activite solaire Radiation & Structure of the Solar Atmosphere/ Radiation & Structure de I 'Atmosphere solaire Atomic & Molecular Data/Donnees atomiques & moleculaires Physical Study of Comets, Minor Planets & Meteorites/... l37 Etude physique des Gometes, des petites Planetes & des Meteorites 16 Physical Study of Planets & Satellites/ Etude physique des Planetes & Satellites Rotation of the Earth/Rotation de la Terre Positions Motions of Minor Planets. Comets & Satellites/ Positions & Mouvements des petites Planetes, des Gometes & des Meteorites 21 Light of the Night Sky/Lumiere du Giel nocturne Meteors & Interplanetary Dust/Meteores & Poussiere interplanetaire Photographic Astrometry/Astrometrie photographique Stellar Photometry & Polarimetry/ Photometrie & Polarimetrie stellaires 26 Double & Multiple Stars/Etoiles doubles & multiples Variable Stars/Etoiles variables Galaxies Stellar Spectra/Spectrestellaires 309

6 viii Radial Velocities/Vitesses radiales Time/L'Heure Structure & Dynamics of the Galactic System/ Structure & Dynamique du Systeme galactique Interstellar Matter/Matiere interstellaire Stellar Constitution/Constitution des Etoiles Theory of Stellar Atmospheres/Theorie des Atmospheres stellaires Star Clusters & Associations/Amas stellaires & Associations Exchange of Astronomers/Echange des Astronomes Radio Astronomy/Radioastronomie History of Astronomy/Histoire de l'astronomie Close Binary Stars/Etoiles binaires serrees Astronomy from Space/L'Astronomie a partir de l'espace Stellar Classification/Classification stellaire Teaching of Astronomy/Enseignement de l'astronomie Cosmology/Cosmologie High Energy Astrophysics/Astrophysique des hautes Energies The Interplanetary Plasma & the Heliosphere/ Plasma interplanetaire & Heliosphere *** *** *** Protection of Existing & Potential Observatory Sites/ Protection des Sites d'observatoires existants & potentiels 51 Bioastronomy: Search for Extraterrestrial Life/ Bioastronomie: Recherche de la Vie Extraterrestre Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)/ Groupe de Travail sur la Nomenclature du Systeme planetaire 599 *** No report provided

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