ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY

Transcription

1 ASTROPHYSICAL DISKS

2 ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY VOLUME 337 EDITORIAL BOARD Chairman W.B. BURTON, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. University of Leiden, The Netherlands Executive Committee J. M. E. KUIJPERS, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands E. P. J. VAN DEN HEUVEL, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands H. VAN DER LAAN, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands MEMBERS F. BERTOLA, University of Padua, Italy J. P. CASSINELLI, University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A. C. J. CESARSKY, European Southern Observatory, Garching bei München, Germany O. ENGVOLD, University of Oslo, Norway A. HECK, Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory, France R. McCRAY, University of Colorado, Boulder, U.S.A. P. G. MURDIN, Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, U.K. F. PACINI, Istituto Astronomia Arcetri, Firenze, Italy V. RADHAKRISHNAN, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India K. SATO, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan F. H. SHU, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan B. V. SOMOV, Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Russia R. A. SUNYAEV, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia Y. TANAKA, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Kanagawa, Japan S. TREMAINE, Princeton University, U.S.A. N. O. WEISS, University of Cambridge, U.K.

3 ASTROPHYSICAL DISKS Collective and Stochastic Phenomena Edited by ALEXEI M. FRIDMAN Institute of Astronomy, Moscow, Russia MIKHAIL YA. MAROV Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia and ILYA G. KOVALENKO Volgograd State University, Russia

4 A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN (HB) ISBN (HB) ISBN (e-book) ISBN (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Printed on acid-free paper Cover picture: Work, I, Michael L. Evans, Business Manager of the Astrophysical Research Consortium (ARC), performer of the SDSS, Astrophysical Research Consortium (ARC) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Collaboration, All Rights Reserved 2006 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands.

5 Contents Contributing Authors Preface ix xv Part I Invited Papers The Over-Reflection Instability: Myth or Reality? 3 A. M. Fridman, E. V. Polyachenko, Yu. M. Torgashin, S. G. Yanchenko, and E. N. Snezhkin Chaotic and Ordered Structures in the Developed Turbulence 23 Mikhail Ya. Marov and Aleksander V. Kolesnichenko Internal Structure of Thin Accretion Disks 55 Vasily Beskin, Alexander Tchekhovskoy Disc Formation in Binary be Stars 75 D. V. Bisikalo, A. A. Boyarchuk, P. Harmanec, P. V. Kaigorodov, and O. A. Kuznetsov Accretion Disks Around Black Holes with Account of Magnetic Fields 97 Gennady Bisnovatyi-Kogan Supercritical Accretion Disk in SS A. M. Cherepashchuk Galactic Vortices 131 G. Contopoulos, and P. A. Patsis Spiral Perturbations in Disk Galaxies Observed in NIR 145 P. Grosbøl

6 vi Contents The Role of Ordered and Chaotic Motion in N-Body Models of Elliptical Galaxies Models 157 N. Voglis, and C. Kalapotharakos Part II Oral Contributions Gamma-Ray Burst Interaction with Dense Interstellar Medium 197 Maxim V. Barkov, and Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan Morphology of the Interaction between the Stream and Cool Accretion Disc in Semidetached Binaries 205 P. V. Kaigorodov, D. V. Bisikalo, A. A. Boyarchuk, and O. A. Kuznetsov Computer Modeling of Non-Stationary Gas Quasi-Keplerian Disk 217 Alexander V. Khoperskov, and Sergej S. Khrapov 3D Structure of Gaseous Disks in Spiral Galaxies 231 I. G. Kovalenko, M. A. Eremin, and V. V. Korolev Hydrodynamical Turbulence in Accretion Discs 241 O. A. Kuznetsov 2D-Simulations of Subcritical and Supercritical Accretion Disks Around Black Holes 259 Toru Okuda Separate Circumnuclear Stellar and Gaseous Disks in Disk Galaxies 275 O. K. Sil chenko Bending Instability Galaxies: The Stellar Disk Thickness and the Mass of Spheroidal Component 291 N. V. Tyurina, A. V. Khoperskov, and D. V. Bizyaev, Disk-to-halo Mass Ratio Evaluations Based on the Numerical Models of Collisionless Disks 307 Anatoly V. Zasov, Alexander V. Khoperskov, and Nataly V. Tyurina,

7 Contents vii Part III Posters Global Irregularities of Spiral Patterns in Galaxies: Manifestation of hydrodynamic Instabilities? 321 A. D. Chernin, V. V. Korolev, and I. G. Kovalenko The Morphology of Gaseous Flows in Z and in the Active State 329 E. Yu. Kilpio, D. V. Bisikalo, A. A. Boyarchuk, and O. A. Kuznetsov Self-Consistent Gas and Stellar Dynamics of Disk Galaxies: A Problem of Dark Mass 337 Alexander V. Khoperskov, and Sergej S. Khrapov Numerical Simulation of Expanding Shock Waves in the Young Stars Objects 345 S.S. Khrapov, and V.V. Mustsevoi

8 Contributing Authors Victor Afanasiev, Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Russia Maxim Barkov, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia Vasily Beskin, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia Dmitri Bisikalo, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Gennady Bisnovatyi-Kogan, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia Anatoly Cherepashchuk, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of MSU, Moscow, Russia Chi Yuan, Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Academia Sinica Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Jim Collett, Division of Physics & Astronomy, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom George Contopoulos, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece Mikhail Eremin, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Alexei Fridman, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Preben Grosbøl, European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany

9 x Contributing Authors Sergei Kapitza, P.L.Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, Moscow, Russia Pavel Kaygorodov, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Alexander Khoperskov, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Oleg Khoruzhii, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Sergei Khrapov, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Alexander Kilpio, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Elena Kilpio, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Johan Knapen, Department of Physical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom Vitalij Korolev, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Ilya Kovalenko, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Oleg Kuznetsov, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia Mikhail Marov, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia Takuya Matsuda, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan Evgenij Matvienko, Rostov State University, Rostov, Russia Elena Mikhailova, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Alexei Moiseev, Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Russia Victor Mustsevoi, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

10 Contributing Authors xi Toru Okuda, Hakodate College, Hokkaido University of Education, Hakodate, Japan Anna Sidorova, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia Olga Sil chenko, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of MSU, Moscow, Russia Yuri Torgashin, Institute of Astronomy RAS, Moscow, Russia Nataly Tyurina, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of MSU, Moscow, Russia Nikos Voglis, Research Center for Astronomy, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece Marina Zabolotskih, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of MSU, Moscow, Russia Anatoly Zasov, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of MSU, Moscow, Russia

11 xii Contributing Authors 1. Yuri Torgashin 2. Mikhail Marov 3. Alexei Fridman 4. George Contopoulos 5. Gennady Bisnovatyi-Kogan 6. Anatoly Cherepashchuk 7. Elena Mikhailova 8. Olga Sil chenko 9. Nikos Voglis 10. Oleg Kuznetsov 11. Toru Okuda 12. Preben Grosbøl 13. Anatoly Zasov 14. Sergei Kapitza 15. Dmitri Bisikalo 16. Alexander Khoperskov 17. Chi Yuan 18. Anna Sidorova 19. Pavel Kaygorodov 20. Vasily Beskin 21. Alexander Kilpio 22. Elena Kilpio 23. Ilya Kovalenko 24. Mikhail Eremin 25. Vitalij Korolev 26. Maxim Barkov

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13 Preface In the recent decades the theory and observations of disk systems became one of the fast progressing branches of astrophysics. This was stimulated by expansion of astronomical facilities including space-born and ground based instruments, data storage with growing resolution, the development of theoretical treatment of the processes involved and their modeling with the use of powerful computers. Among these processes, of particular interest and importance is the study of disks structure, their dynamics and evolution resulting in different configurations, including self-organization, which are basically relevant to the general problems of non-linear dynamic systems. Discussion of this topic was the main focus of the Colloquium Progress in the Study of Astrophysical Disks: Collective and Stochastic Phenomena and Computational Tools that was held from September 9 to 11, 2003 in Volgograd, south-east of European Russia. This book is the Proceedings of a conference attended by the leading scientists in the field from around the world, as well as by young scholars, mostly from the Volgograd State University which hosted the event. Altogether, 28 papers were presented, 22 oral ones and 6 posters, followed by valuable discussions. The book emphasises models of the disk galaxies, the nature of galactic vortices, dynamics of accretion disks with density waves, chaotic and ordered structures including turbulence in the accretion disks, numerical modelling of galactic and accretion disks, and the results of their observation. The contents of the book are a good summary of collective and stochastic processes in the astrophysical disks, their structure and evolution, and in-depth study of different approaches to their modelling with the use of modern computational tools. The main topics include: development of the orbital theory leading to a separation of ordered and chaotic regions in the galactic disks; revealing of a spiral-vortex structure (which is a density wave) by numerical simulation of the dynamics of an accretion disk in close binary stars supported by observations; development of a phenomenological model of non-equilibrium turbulence in the compressible fluid with the account of collective non-linear processes; advancement in accretion disk theory with the involvement of turbulent viscosity and in the numerical simulation of structure and dynamics of

14 xvi Preface a gaseous disk in a spiral galaxy, as well as in the study of mass distribution of luminous matter in disk galaxies involving spiral patterns/perturbations and of the internal structure of the thin accretion disk around a black hole. Specially addressed are spiral-vortex structure in galactic and accretion disks, stochastic and ordered structures in the developed turbulence, sources of turbulence in the accretion disks, numerical modelling of Be envelopes in binaries, gaseous disks in spiral galaxies with shock waves formation. Also, such exciting results as the first experimental detection of an overreflection instability impact on the rotating shallow water found independently in 1957 for the simplest case of the plane geometry in the pioneer theoretical works of Miles and Ribner, are thoroughly described and discussed in the book. The authors adeptly brought together collective and stochastic phenomena in the modern field of astrophysical disks, their formation, structure, and evolution involving relevant methodology, the results of observation and modelling, thereby advancing the study in this important branch of astrophysics. This is a book that belongs in all science libraries. It is intended for professional researchers in the field and graduate students and may be also useful for undergraduates who are going to specialize in astrophysics. The Editors greatly appreciate the support given by the Volgograd State University in holding this international Colloquium and would like to thank all authors who submitted the refined versions of their papers, the reviewers who generously responded and greatly contributed to the quality of the Proceedings, and Springer-Kluwer Publishers who offered to put out this book. ALEXEI M. FRIDMAN MIKHAIL YA. MAROV ILYA G. KOVALENKO