namibia UniVERSITY OF SCIEnCE AnD TECHnOLOGY

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1 namibia UniVERSITY OF SCIEnCE AnD TECHnOLOGY FACULTY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND SPATIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF GEO-SPATIAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY QUALIFICATIONS: DIPLOMA IN GEOMATICS BACHELOR OF GEOMATICS QUALIFICATIONS CODES: 06DGEM 07BGEM QUALIFICATIONS LEVEL: 6-06DGEM 7-07BGEM COURSE CODE: COURSE NAME: BASIC SURVEYING (Level 5) SESSION: NOVEMBER 2016 PAPER: THEORY DURATION: 3 HOURS MARKS: 100 FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER EXAMINER: Mr. F. J. Louw MODERATOR: Mr. E. Sinvula INSTRUCTIONS 1. You MUST answer Question 1 and ANY THREE OTHER QUESTIONS. 2. Write clearly and neatly. 3. Number the answers clearly. PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS 1. Calculators may be used as well as other drawing equipment THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 13 PAGES (Including this Front Page and 4 Data Sheets)

2 Question 1 Answer the following questions on Data Sheet 1, by selecting the correct statement for each: 1.1. In geodetic surveys higher accuracy is achieved, if: a. The curvature of the earth surface is ignored b. The curvature of the earth surface is taken into account c. The angles between the curved lines are treated as plane angles d. None of the above 1.2. Surveys concerned with the measurements and mapping of natural and artificial features of the earth, like hills, lakes, rivers, roads, railways, power lines, etc are: a. Engineering Surveys b. Cadastral Surveys c. Topographic Surveys d. Mining Surveys 1.3. A survey may be executed in several ways by different combinations of instruments and methods, and some parts of the work may require different treatment from others. The principle factors to be considered are: a. The purpose of the survey b. The extent of the survey c. The degree of accuracy required 1.4. The main purposes of surveying is: a. The art of making measurements of the relative positions of natural and man-made features on the earth's surface, and the presentation of this information either graphically or numerically b. The determination of the relative positions of points (natural or artificial) on the surface ofthe earth. c. The setting out on the ground of the positions of the points used in the construction, location of properties, etc d. band c 1.5. The quality of a Surveyor is: a. He must have a thorough theoretical and practical knowledge of his work. b. He must be honest and trustworthy and his judgment must be good c. He must have initiative; think clearly and without prejudice, tackling each survey with energy and perseverance. d. All the above 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 2 of 13 November 2016

3 1.6. Determining the difference in height between two points relative to a reference plane, or relative to each other, by means of an instrument that provides a line of sight perpendicular to that of gravity i.e. a line of sight that is horizontal, is called: a. Barometric Levelling b. Direct Levelling c. Levelling d. Alloftheabove 1.7. A permanent reference point or mark, of known height is a: a. Witness Mark b. Reference Mark c. Bench Mark d. None ofthe above 1.8. The imaginary line passing through the optical centre of the object lens, through the telescope and through the eyepiece, is a: a. Contour Line b. Collimation Line c. Level Line d. Horizontalline 1.9. The first reading from a level station is: a. foresight b. back-sight c. intermediate sight d. any sight The most common co-ordinate system for referring to the position of any definite point on the Earth's surface is: a. Geographical Co-ordinate System b. Plane Rectangular or Grid Co-ordinate System c. Polar Co-ordinate System The purpose of observing a Reference Object (R.O.) is: a. To ensure that the horizontal circle of the instrument has not been disturbed while observing b. To orient the instrument to Zero South c. To orient the instrument to a trigonometrical beacon d. None of the above 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 3 of 13 November 2016

4 1.12. Basic types of errors in surveying can be divided into two main groups, namely controllable and uncontrollable errors, of which uncontrollable errors are: a. Accidental Errors b. Gross Errors c. Systematic Errors The basic method of determining a distance is: a. Taping b. Electronic Distance Measuring c. Staff Tacheometry Observations that are closely grouped and the measurement (average value) is accurate, are: a. Accurate Observations b. Inaccurate Observations c. Precise Observations d. Accurate and Precise Observations The requirement for traverse stations is: a. Stations should be at inaccessible positions b. A clear line of sight is required between the Stations c. The length of traverse legs must be as short as possible. d. None of the above Contours of different elevations may meet only in the case of a. a vertical cliff b. a saddle c. a ridge d. an inclined plane Two contour lines, having the same elevation: a. cannot cross each other b. can cross each other c. cannot meet d. can meet Contour maps can be used for the following: a. To calculate the water capacities of reservoirs b. To trace a contour gradient for the road alignment c. To ascertain the indivisibility of points d. All the above 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 4 of 13 November 2016

5 1.19. An inverted staff reading means: a. The levelling staff is held upside down b. The levelling staff is held between the back-sight and the foresight c. The levelling staff is held after the back-sight An application of levelling is: a. Longitudinal section b. Cross section c. Contouring The method to calculate a resection is: a. Bowditch Rule b. Collins' Q-point method c. Blunt's method d. band c Fixing the plane coordinates of a point, by setting up on the unknown point, and observing a distance and direction to a known point, and a direction to another known point is called a: a. Intersection b. Polar c. Reverse Polar d. Join The following correction needs to be applied on distances measured with a Total Station: a. Atmospheric Corrections b. Conversion to German Legal Metre c. Combined Sea Level and Scale Enlargement Correction A traverse that starts at a known point (co-ordinated point) and ends at another know point (co-ordinated point) is a: a. Closed Traverse b. Open Traverse c. Loop Traverse d. None of the above 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 5 of 13 November 2016

6 1.25. While viewing through a level telescope and moving the eye slightly, a relative movement occurs between the image of the levelling staff and the cross hairs. That means the instrument is: a. Not Correctly focused b. Said to have parallax c. Free of parallax d. All the above [25] Question Use the following information to calculate co-ordinate for point C. (15) Co-ordinates Name A B V X Angle at A = 38 Angle at B = 5r c A B 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 6 of 13 November 2016

7 2.2. Use the levelling observations given on Data Sheet 2 to calculate final heights using the "Height of Collimation" method. All checks need to be shown and any misclosures needs to be distributed. (10} [25] Question Calculate the co-ordinates of points TR1, TR2 and TR3 from the following data, by completing Data Sheet 3. Adjustment must be done by the Bowditch Rule. (13) Co-ordinates Name V X b.swp b. East Traverse Leg b.swp to TR1 TR1 to TR2 TR2 to TR3 TR3 to b.east Oriented Direction 28r 05 ' 41" ' 22" ' 42" ' 31" Final Horisontal Distance m m m m 3.2. Obtain orientated directions for the traverse RP1 - Trav1 - Trav2 - RP2 by completing the direction sheet on Data Sheet 4. Do not calculate the traverse. (12) [25] Question Define the term "Resection". (1) 4.2. The department wants to install a permanent base station on the roof of Poly Heights and you have done the following observations to determine the co-ordinates for POLY. Use Collins Q-point method to calculate the co-ordinates. Draw a sketch. (20} 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 7 of 13 November 2016

8 Co-ordinates Name 1'1 Win3 1'1 Eros 1'1 Hohe y X Final Observed Name 1'1 Win3 1'1 Eros 1'1 Hohe Fin. Observed Direction 70 00' 00" - Long Leg ' 16" ' 30" 4.3. Use the field observations below, which were observed at Koppie to obtain the final observed directions (No orientation needed). Show in table format. HI= 1.678m Point/Station Circle Left Circle Right 1'1 Dune ' 13" ' 30" Top ' 50" 34 18' 09" Low 41 08' 07" ' 25" RO ' 16" ' 14" [25] Question Calculate and apply all corrections to the observations (directions & distances) below. HI= 1.656m Point/Station Final Observed Direction Slope Distance Vertical Angle 1'1 OPDAM '22" 88 46'45" 1'1 DUBIS 49 27'55" 89 22'02" VRIES '10" r42'04" 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 8 of 13 November 2016

9 Co-ordinates Name y X z b. OPDAM b. DUBIS WP Please note: The Atmospheric Correction and Prism Constant Correction are already applied to all measured distances. Combined Sea level & Scale Enlargement Scale Factor= 1+ [(l/ (2R 2 }- H/R}], where R = 6 370km Calculate the Y X Z co-ordinates for point House, by using the following information and the observations at House. (15} ~Hab = H1- Hsig + Sab/Tan (Z} + (1-k}.S 2 / (2R} Where R is earth radius (use R = km}, and k is an assumed relative ray curvature factor (use k = 0.13}. Ha= Hb- ~Hab Please note: ALL corrections are already applied to all measured HI= 1.565m Point/Station Final Observed Direction Final Hor. Distance Vertical Angle b. Blauputz '19" 90 02'24" Kalk 75 19'23" '10" (Target=1.500m} Co-ordinates Name y X z b. Blauputz Kalk (Ground Level} [25] 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 9 of 13 November 2016

10 Student Number: Data Sheet 1 Question 1 Question a b c d r Opportunity Examination Page 10 of 13 November 2016

11 Student Number: Data Sheet 2 Question 2.2. Height of Collimation Levelling Sheet NOTE: The BOLD and Underlined values are the Inverted Staff Readings. NOTE: All answers must be rounded off to 3 decimal places Collimation Reduced Final Point B.S. I.S. F.S. Heights Heights Correction Heights TSM MH TP Kerb Roofl Roof TPS TSM Opportunity Examination Page 11 of 13 November 2016

12 Student Number: Data Sheet 3 Question 3.1. Bowditch Rule- Adjustment Sheet Note: All answers must be rounded off to 3 decimal places Oriented Directions and V) Final Horisontal z 0 Distances..., Differences STATION Final Co-ordinates tj.y tj.x y X tj.swp Trl Vl c..., 0 Q) +-' ro Tr2 :::::5 u ro u 1-0 z Tr3 0 0 tj.east Opportunity Examination Page12of13 November 2016

13 Student Number: Data Sheet 4 Question 3.2. Direction Sheet Fin. Obs. Prov. Prov. Join Diff. I Fin Join Dir. I Fin STATION Direction Back Dir. Prov. Corr. Forward Dir. Corr. RPl ll Twee 18 46' 50" 18 46' 44" ll Tsaun ' 35" ' 28" Trav1 2or 44' 09" RP ' 26" Trav ' Trav1 7r 07' 53" RP ' ll Sand ' 21" ' 30" ll Naub 25r 49' 50" 25r 50' o1" Trav ' 19" 1 51 Opportunity Examination Page 13 of 13 November 2016

Objective questions for Practical Examination (CBCS scheme) Introduction to Surveying CE-112

Objective questions for Practical Examination (CBCS scheme) Introduction to Surveying CE-112 1. The curvature of the earth s surface, is taken into account only if the extent of survey is more than i)