Foreword by Yvo de Boer Prefa ce a n d a c k n owledge m e n ts List of abbreviations

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1 Cont ent s Foreword by Yvo de Boer Prefa ce a n d a c k n owledge m e n ts List of abbreviations page xii xv xvii Pa r t 1 I ntro duct ion 1 1 Grasping the essentials of the climate change problem Climate change intertwined with life Scienc e, scient i fic uncertainty and climate sceptics The problem Sc ept ics a nd t hei r rebut t a l Climate change as an economic issue in an anarchic world A sceptical framing of climate change Cou nt er i ng t h is f r a mework Climate change as a classic North South issue The carbon budget and the ecospace problem GHG emissions and development Conclusion 21 2 Mitigation, adaptation and geo-engineering I nt ro duct ion Climate change and development O pt ions to de a l w it h cl i m at e cha nge Syst em ic cha nges D e a l i ng w it h u nderly i ng d r iv i ng forc es I nt ro duct ion O pt ions a nd issues 28 vii

2 viii 2.6 Dealing with proximate driving forces: mitigation and sequestration options I nt ro duct ion O pt ions a nd issues Dealing with atmospheric concentrations and warming I nt ro duct ion O pt ions a nd issues D e a l i ng w it h i mpa ct s I nt ro duct ion O pt ions a nd issues Dealing with residual impacts I nt ro duct ion O pt ions a nd issues St r uct u re a nd out l i ne of t h is b o ok I n ferenc es 38 Part 2 The history of the negotiations 39 3 Setting the stage: defining the climate problem (until 1990) I nt ro duct ion T he ch ronolog y of event s The problem definition and measures discussed The problem definition Me a su res d iscusse d T he role of a ctor s Individual countries active: an agenda is born Science is institutionalized: an epistemic community is b or n O t her so cia l a ctor s T he gover na nc e out put s The discourses: liability and the leadership pa r a d ig m T he pr i nciples T he long-t er m obje ct ive Ta rget s a nd t i met ables Policies and measures: winners and losers and no-regrets me a su res Technology transfer leapfrogging and finance new a nd a dd it iona l Key trends in Phase 1 58

3 ix 4 Institutionalizing key issues: the Framework Convention on Climate Change ( ) I nt ro duct ion T he ch ronolog y of event s T he gover na nc e out put s I nt ro duct ion The United Nations Framework Convention on Cl i m at e C ha nge A ssessi ng t he Cl i m at e Convent ion The remaining INCs and the COPs The problem definition: leadership defined T he role of a ctor s Key trends in Phase Progress despite challenges: towards the Kyoto Protocol and beyond ( ) I nt ro duct ion T he ch ronolog y of event s The governance outputs: the Kyoto Protocol and COP decisions T he Kyoto P roto col A ssessi ng t he P roto col T he COP de cisions The evolving problem definition: cond it iona l le a der sh ip T he role of a ctor s Key trends in Phase The regime under challenge: leadership competition sets in ( ) I nt ro duct ion T he ch ronolog y of event s The governance outputs: the COP and CMP reports The Marrakesh Accords, COP7, COP8 till COP The COPs and CMPs ( ) Climate-related agreements in other fora The climate funds over time The problem definition T he role of a ctor s Key trends in Phase Enlarging the negotiating pie ( ) I nt ro duct ion 123

4 x 7.2 T he ch ronolog y of event s T he COPs a nd C M Ps COP14 15, from Poznan to Copenhagen COP16 18, f rom Ca ncu n to D oha R E DD rev isit e d O ut side t he reg i me Recession and climate change U N-R E DD The human rights paradigm: countering market-based approa ches Climate-related agreements in other fora The problem definition T he role of a ctor s Key trends in Phase Part 3 Issues in global climate governance Countries, coalitions, other actors and negotiation challenges I nt ro duct ion Cou nt r ies a nd coa l it ions The formal classifications of countries Negot iat ion cha l lenges T he evolut ion of coa l it ion s D evelop e d- cou nt r y a ctor s a nd coa l it ions The USA The European Union T he E a st Blo c Russia Japa n O t her s Developing-country coalitions and countries The G77 and China A f r ica AOSIS L D Cs OPE C cou nt r ies C h i na I nd ia O t her a ctor s Non-st at e a ctor s Sub -nat iona l aut hor it ies 170

5 xi 8.6 Conclusions: the changing nature of the North South discourse L it igat ion a nd hu m a n r ig ht s I nt ro duct ion T he role of cou r t s Evolution: the rise of literature and legal action T he issues Human rights and climate change The evolution of human rights and climate change T he key issues I n ferenc es 189 Part 4 Towards the future Climate governance: a steep learning curve! I nt ro duct ion Fr a m i ng L e a r n i ng Unst r uct u re d problem s ca l l for le a r n i ng Fi r st- order le a r n i ng: i mprov i ng rout i nes Se cond- order le a r n i ng: fo cusi ng on prox i m at e drivers and impacts Triple-order learning: focusing on underlying drivers and impacts Implication: coherence where possible, leveraging elsewhere Towards the rule of law at international level for climate gover na nc e The rule of law as applicable to the project of climate gover na nc e Globa l problem s mu lt iply i ng: sca le of resp onsive governance increasing Revisiting the fundaments of society: towards predictability Limits of existing governance and incremental i n novat ion P re - empt ive ge o -p ol it ica l pr ag m at ism Towa rd s const it ut iona l i z at ion Towa rd s t he f ut u re 210 Refere n ces 212 In d ex 241

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