MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY IN PLACE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY

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1 Inquiry, ol. 8, no., Deember 007, pp IIGSS Aademi Publisher MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY IN PLACE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY LI ZIFENG Petroleum Engineering Institute, Yanshan Uniersity, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, , China zfli@ysu.edu.n (Reeied September 18, 006; In final form May 30, 007 This paper introdues the basi hypotheses and iewpoints on spae-time of the speial relatiity as well as of the moing objets obseration theory. It proposes a new onept alled the isual spae time and deries the relationship among the realisti spae time of moing oordinate systems, the isual spae time and the realisti spae-time of stati oordinate systems. From the analysis of omparison, I onlude that the moing objets obseration theory has soled the measurement problem of moing objets. Moement annot ause hanges in length, in time or in mass. Also, there does not any light barrier. So the speial relatiity should be abandoned. Keywords: speial relatiity, Lorentz transformation, eloity of light, moing objets obseration theory In order to resole the measurement problem of moing objets, Albert Einstein presented the theory of speial relatiity a entury ago 1-. Now, this theory as well as its author, A. Einstein, is well known all oer the world. Uniersities and olleges hoose the speial relatiity as a required ourse. But the rationality of the set-up proess of the speial relatiity and the auray of its inferenes hae always been doubted or ritiized 3-1. Reently, Wang Zhihai and Xu Hui deliered the obseration theory of moing objets, whih soled the onersion between obserations and the real alues, and remoed one major theoretial obstale in way of deelopment of physis. This paper introdues briefly Einstein's speial relatiity as well as Xu Hui and Wang Zhihai s obseration theory of moing objets, ompares and analyses the basi assumptions and their transformation formulas of the two theories in details. Our study suggests that the obseration theory of moing objets should be employed to replae the speial relatiity. 1. AN OUTLINE OF THE SPECIAL RELATIVITY The Basi Assumptions of the Speial Relatiity (1 The priniple of relatiity. The laws of physis are the same in all inertial frames of referene. In other words, there are no priileged inertial frames of referene. ( The priniple of onstant eloity of light: (i the speed of light in a auum is a uniersal onstant,, whih is independent of the motion of the light soure 1. (ii Speed of light in a auum as measured in all inertial frames of referene moing uniformly along beelines with respet to eah other are equal. Sientifi Inquiry: A Journal of International Institute for General Systems Studies, In. ISSN IIGSS

2 MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY IN PLACE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY Lorentz Transformation of Coordinates There are two oordinate systems K and K ( OXYZ and O X Y Z as shown in Figure 1. Corresponding axes are parallel to eah other and moe uniformly motion in along a straight line. The speed of the oordinate system K relatie to K is moing in the diretion along the X axis. And the lok starts liking at the moment when O oinides with O. Y Y z y t O O x P X X ' Z Z' Figure 1. Coordinate transformation Suppose that ( x, y, z, t expresses an eent appearing in the oordinate system K at time t, while the same inident appears in the oordinate system K at the time t at the point ( x, y, z. Then, the spae-time oordinate systems ( x, y, z, t and ( x, y, z, t, whih express the same eent, obey the Lorentz transformation of oordinates: and y z x y z t x t ( x t ( + ( +, (1 (, ( in whih represents the eloity of light. Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007

3 44 LI ZIFENG The deriation proess of Lorentz transformation of oordinates is as follows. For the point O, obsering it from the oordinate system K, no matter what the time is, it is x, but obsering it from the oordinate system K, at the time of t, the oordinate x ' t, that is, x ' + t 0. From these, at the same spae and time point, the numbers x x ' + t hange into zero simultaneous. This makes people think naturally that anytime x and x ' + t hae a sale relation. Suppose this onstant of proportionality as k, so always 0 is and x k( + ( 3 Disussing the point O in the same way leads to k' ( x t (4 Aording to the relatiity priniple of the speial relatiity, K equals to K, the two equations aboe should be the same, so onstants k should be equal to ' So k. That is, k k' ( 5 k( x t ( 6 For aquiring ertain transformation rule, the onstant k must be obtained. Aording to the priniple of the onstant eloity of light, assume that at the time( t 0 when the light signal oinides at the pointso and O, the moement of the oordinate systems starts from the oinident point and moes forward along the oordinate axis OX, and at any time moment t ( t in oordinate system K, the light signal s oordinates in the two oordinate systems are: x t, ( 7 Multiply (6 and (3, then substitute (7 into the result k 1 ( 8 1 ( Then get x x t, x t ( ( +, t + ( ( Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007

4 MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY IN PLACE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY The Spae-Time View of the Speial Relatiity Based on Lorentz transformation, the speial relatiity finds out: (1 Question of simultaneity. Assume that two eents appear at two points in a oordinate system synhronously. Howeer, the time moments that these two eents appear, as measured in another oordinate system, are not the same. ( Question of ontrating length. In a oordinate system that is in motion with respet to an objet, the length of the objet as measured along the moing diretion of the system is shorter than that measured in another oordinate system in whih the objet is at rest. (3 Question of expanding time. The time measured in a oordinate system that is in motion with respet to the plae an eent appears is longer than that measured in another oordinate system in whih the plae is at rest Dynamis of the Speial Relatiity (1 The mass of an objet measured in a oordinate system that is in motion with respet to the objet is larger than that measured in another oordinate system in whih the objet is at rest. ( The energy of an objet equals its mass times the square of the speed of light.. SUMMARY OF THE MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY Basi Assumptions of the Obseration Theory of Moing Objets (1 All laws that desribe moements are equialent in all inertial oordinate systems moing uniformly along beelines of eah other. ( Light traels in a auum or other medium at the speed with respet to its soure... Some Conepts (1 The absolute time. Suppose that some loks hae the same struture and an tik at the same speed (or "hour rate", and are adjusted so that they all point to the same position at a same time moment. Then, no matter in whih referene systems in whateer states of motion these loks are plaed and no matter where in the referene systems these loks are positioned, these loks still tik at the same speed and point to the same plae at the same time moments. ( The atual time. Define the time when an eent ours, the lok at the loation of the eent points to as the atual time. Note that the onept of time inludes two meanings: "moment" (orresponding to the time oordinate at the loation of the lok and "time interal" (the interal between two time oordinates. (3 The isual time. This is the time an obserer obtains at his speial loation by measuring the moement of an eent using the light signals. (4 The absolute length. This is the length measured by some identially onstruted rulers at any position in any oordinate system. (5 The atual length. It is defined to be the length of an objet measured by using a ruler in a oordinate system with whih the objet moes. (6 The isual length. This is the length an obserer obtains at his speifi loation from measuring an eent in motion by making use of the light signals. (7 The isual spae-time. This is the isual spae-time, onsisting of the length and time an obserer obtains at his speifi loation by measuring a moing eent with the help of light signals. Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007

5 46 LI ZIFENG.3. Transformation Between Visual Spae-time and Moing Spae-time As for the two Galileo oordinate systems, as shown in Figure 1, if an eent happens statially in the oordinate system K, then the measurement of the eent from the oordinate system K gies: x + t x y y z z t + x t (9 t the isual time in the oordinate system K ; x is the atual oordinate and t the atual time in the oordinate system K ' ; stands for in whih ( x, y, z is the isual oordinate and ( ',, the departing eloity of the two oordinate systems along the diretion X, if the systems are getting loser, this alue will be negatie..4. The Time Interal and Length From (9, one an derie the relationship between the isual time interal and the atual time interal, and that between the isual length and atual length in moing diretion as follows: t x t x (10 While the moing-away oordinate system has an eent happening, the obsered time interal of the eent s eolution is longer than its atual time interal. For example, a moing-away wath has been liking for one hour, while the obserer s wath in the relatiely still oordinate system indiates that only an hour and ten minutes passed by. When obsering an eent in a moing-bak oordinate system, the isual time interal of the obsered eent s eolution is shorter than its atual time interal. For example, the moing-bak wath has been moing for an hour, while the obserer s wath in the relatiely still oordinate system says it has been liking only for fifty minutes. When obsering a moing-away objet, its length seems to be elongated in its moing diretion; when obsering a moing-bak objet, its length seems to be shortened in its moing diretion..5. The Instauration of True Values Beause of the measurement effet aused by the limited propagation eloity of light, the measured results are not the objetie reality itself. Only by eliminating the measurement effet an one find the objetie reality itself: Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007

6 MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY IN PLACE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY 47 x x ( y y z z t t ( (11 t t ( x x ( (1 where (, y, z x is the real oordinate and t the real time in the oordinate system K..6. The Real Spae-time Transformation Between Two Galileo Coordinate Systems Substituting equ. (9 into equ. (11 leads to x + y z t (13 3. COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE SPECIAL RELATIVITY AND MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY Table 1 shows the omparisons between the speial relatiity and the obseration theory of moing objets. It is lear that the obseration theory of moing objets not only has the theoretial and pratie foundation, but also ontains no fallay. Table 1 Comparisons between the speial relatiity and obseration theory of moing objets Item Speial relatiity Obseration theory of moing objets Eah law desribing moements is equialent in all inertial frames of 1 referene moing uniformly along beelines of eah other. Basi The speed of light in a auum is The speed of light relatie to its assumptions onstant, and it has nothing to do soure in a auum or any other with the state of motion of its medium is onstant. soure. Not erified. Verified. Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007

7 48 LI ZIFENG Spae-time transformation equation Length shortening + x y z ( + t ( Often shortened. x + y z t No shortening for the real length. Away, the isual length extends; near, the isual length shortens. Simultaneity At different times. At same times. Time prolonging Often prolonged No prolonging for the atual time. Away, the isual time prolongs; near, the isual time shortens. Mass inrease Often inreased No Light barrier Yes No Paradoxes or mistakes Yes No 4. CONCLUSIONS (1 The obseration theory of moing objets has resoled the measurement problem for moing objets (espeially for high-speed traeling objets. ( Moement annot trigger any hange in length, time and mass. And, there is no light barrier. (3 The speial relatiity should be abandoned in omparison. Referenes 1. A. Einstein. On the Eletrodynamis of Moing Bodies. The Priniple of Relatiity, Methuen and Company Ltd. of London, Cheng Shuozhu, Jiang Zhiyong. General Physis. Beijing: People s Eduation Press, 1978: (In Chinese 3. Xu Shaozhi. The Mathemati Basis of Relatiity is Wrong. Inention and Innoation, 001, (1:3-33. (In Chinese 4. Xu Shaozhi. To Look at Sientifi Platform, New Eents Happen in China. Inention and Innoation, 001, (: (In Chinese 5. Xu Shaozhi. Misunderstandings on Mass-Energy Relations. Inention and Innoation, 00, (:3. (In Chinese 6. Xu Shaozhi, Xiang Qun. Generalized Relatiity Is So Different From Siene. Inention and Innoation, 00, (3: (In Chinese 7. Xu Runsheng. SR Goes Against Fatuality Priniples. Inention and Innoation, 00, (10:3. (In Chinese 8. Zhu Jidong. Disussing the Fundament of the Experiment about the Speial Relatiity. Journal of Shanghai Uniersity of Eletri Power, 003, 19(3: (In Chinese 9. Cui Jidong. On China s Own Innoation Way -Impressions of Reading Rethought on Relatiity. Inention and Innoation, 003, (3:34. (In Chinese 10. Lei Yuanxing. Critiizing Voie on Relatiity is Worth Analyzing in Two Ways-The First Impression of Rethought on Relatiity. Inention and Innoation, 003, (3:37. (In Chinese 11. Huang Zhixun. Theoretial Deelopment and Experimental Examinations in Speial Relatiity. Engineering Siene, 003, 5(5:8-1. (In Chinese 1. Liu Dayi. A Debate between Relatiity and the Conept of Classis Spae-Time & Matter. Inention and Innoation, 003, (9:36. (In Chinese 13. Xiang Qun. Do Away with Superstitious and Read Relatiity Cautiously. Inention and Innoation, 003, (10:36. (In Chinese 14. Liu Dayi. Making Zero Diisor Is a Math s Mistake. Inention and Innoation, 003, (10:37. (In Chinese 15. Huang Demin. On the Essene of Physial phenomenon Matter Effet Study Challenges Relatiity. Shanxi Siene and Tehnology Publishing House, 001. (In Chinese Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007

8 MOVING OBJECTS OBSERVATION THEORY IN PLACE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY Song Zhenghai, Fan Dajie, Xu Shaozhi, Hao Jianyu. Rethinking on Relatiity. Earthquake Publishing House, 001. (In Chinese 17. Qi Ji. New Physis. Publishing House of Northeast Forestry Uniersity, 003. (In Chinese 18. Li Zifeng. SR Origins from a Minstaken Explanation on Veloity of Light Constant Priniple. Finding, 005, Supplement: 8~13. (In Chinese 19. Li Zifeng, Li Tianjiang, Wang Changjin, Wang Zhaoyun, Tian Xinmin. The Essene of Speial Relatiity and Its Influene on Siene and Philosophy as Well as Soiety. Sientifi Researh Monthly, 005, No.13: (In Chinese 0. Wang Zhihai,. Corretion on Obseration, Matter Regularity, 004, (4: (In Chinese 1. Xu Hui. Obseration theory of moing objets, Matter Regularity, 005, (13:4-9. (In Chinese Sientifi Inquiry, ol. 8, No., Deember 007