Rad Tech 4912 MRI Registry Review. Outline of the Registry Exam: Certification Fees

Transcription

1 Rad Tech 4912 MRI Registry Review Outline of the Registry Exam: Category: # of questions: A. Patient Care 30 B. Imaging Procedures 62 C. Data Acquisition and Processing 65 D. Physical Principles of Image Formation Total Magnetic Resonance Imaging 3.5 hours. Certification Fees Post-primary certification fees for ARRT- registered candidates are $200. Re-application fees are $175 for all candidates. 1

2 Recertification Certificates issued beginning January 1, 2011, will be time-limited to 10 years. We anticipate that there will be various ways of satisfying the requirements. Taking an entry-level exam will likely be one option, but not the only one. We can t be more definitive at this time, because the program is in the very early stages of development and we are researching the best methods for assessing continued qualifications. ARRT Website Register (free) Section 1: Screening 1. The people who should be educated about the effects of the static magnetic field, especially in high field superconducting magnets are: a) The nursing staff and the code team. b) The housekeeping staff and members of the fire department. c) The anesthesiologists and respiratory therapists. d) a, and c. e) a, b, and c. ANSWER: e 2

3 Section 1: Screening (continued) 2. A screening questionnaire for patients about to undergo MRI should include information about: a) Prior injuries. b) Prior surgeries and implants. c) Pregnancy. d) All of the above. Section 1: Screening (continued) 3. If monitoring is to be achieved by electrical and/or mechanical devices, it is important that compatibility with the MR system be demonstrated by: a) Clearance by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). b) Prior testing. c) Manufacture declaration. d) All of the above. Section 2: Assessment and Monitoring 1. Patients that have been sedated with valium should be monitored with: a) Pulse oximeter. b) ECG gating. c) Peripheral gating. d) Verbal communication. ANSWER: a 3

4 Section 2: Assessment and Monitoring 2. Absolute contraindications for MRI include: a) Ferrous intracranial vascular clips. b) Cardiac pacemaker. c) Pregnancy. d) a and b. e) a,b, and c Section 2: Assessment and Monitoring 3. What percentage of patients have been reported to have had reactions to gadolinium contrast agents in MRI: a) 5% b) 10% c) 15% d) 20% ANSWER: a Section 3: Safety Precautions 1. The acceptable safe level for exposure to magnetic fringe fields with respect to patients with cardiac pacemakers has been reported to be: a) 5G b) 5T c) 30G d) 50G ANSWER: a 4

5 Section 3: Safety Precautions 3. During a quench, patients and operators should be evacuated from the room to avoid: a) Asphyxiation and frostbite b) Subarachnoid hemorrhage c) Ruptured tympanic membranes d) a and c e) a,b, and c Section 4: Biological Considerations 1. The unit of measure of RF absorption is: a) Watts per pound b) Volts per pound c) Watts per kilogram d) Volts per kilogram Section 4: Biological Considerations 2. The attractive force that an object will experience at a distance of 6 feet from isocenter is dependant on: a) The ferromagnetic properties of the object b) The mass of the object c) The field strength of the system d) All of the above 5

6 Section 4: Biological Considerations 3. Gradient magnetic fields are a safety concern because they: a) Produce large amounts of RF energy b) Induce currents in conductors c) Cause short-term memory loss d) All of the above ANSWER: b Part B: Imaging Procedures Section 1: Head and Neck Section 2: Spine Section 3: Thorax Section 4: Abdomen Section 5: Pelvis Section 6: Musculoskeletal Section 7: Vascular Section 1: Pulse Sequences 1. The gradient that is on during the production of the echo is the: a) Phase b) Slice selection c) Frequency d) Oblique 6

7 Section 1: Pulse Sequences 2. An inversion recovery spin echo sequence begins with a: a) 90º RF pulse b) 180º RF pulse c) 45º RF pulse d) a or b ANSWER: b Section 1: Pulse Sequences 3. If a phase resolution of 256 is desired, then the TR must be repeated (for 1 NSA): a) 192 times b) 256 times c) 512 times d) 128 times ANSWER: b Section 2: Data manipulation 1. The scan time for a 3D acquisition is given by: a) TR x NSA x bandwidth x slice thickness b) TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x number of slabs c) TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x echo train length d) TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x number of slices 7

8 Section 2: Data manipulation 2. Acquiring half of the phase views of K space and then interpolating the data for the other half is a technique known as: a) Zero fill b) Fast spin echo c) Half Fourier d) Power scanning Section 2: Data manipulation 3. To create a projection image in MRA, the technique most commonly employed is: a) Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) b) Region of interest (ROI) calculation c) Maximum intensity pixel (MIP) d) Surface shaded display (SSD) Section 3: Special Procedures 1. The following is (are) important in MRA sequences to minimize the loss of signal due to dephasing within a voxel: a) Long TR b) Small voxels c) Short TE d) b and c 8

9 Section 3: Special Procedures 2. Cardiac cine acquisitions typically utilize: a) An inversion recovery pulse sequence b) A spin echo pulse sequence c) A gradient echo pulse sequence d) A fast spin echo pulse sequence Section 3: Special Procedures 3. A major advantage of 3D time of flight techniques over 2D time of flight is the ability to: a) Determine blood flow velocities b) Shorten imaging time c) Visualize smaller vessels d) Reduce the signal intensity from stationary tissue Section 4: Sequence Parameters and Options 1. Presaturation pulses are often used to: a) Improve spatial resolution b) Reduce flow artifacts c) Reduce scan time d) Turn flowing blood bright ANSWER: b 9

10 Section 4: Sequence Parameters and Options 2. In a 2D conventional spin echo multislice pulse sequence, scan time is given by the equation: a) Time x number of phase encodings x TR b) TR x FOV x NSA c) TR x number of slices x NSA d) TR x NSA x number of phase encodings Section 4: Sequence Parameters and Options 3. Decreasing the receiver bandwidth: a) Decreases the SNR b) Inverts the SNR c) Increases the SNR d) Has no effect on SNR Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 1: Instrumentation 1. In a superconducting magnet, the magnetic field strength is increased by increasing the: a) Amount of cryogens b) Temperature c) Internal pressure d) Turns of the wire 10

11 Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 1: Instrumentation 2. If a coil is improperly tuned, it will result in: a) A decrease in SNR b) A reduction in voxel size c) Patient burns d) Resonance artifacts ANSWER: a Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 1: Instrumentation 3. The gradient magnetic fields are: a) Always on b) Superimposed over the main magnetic field c) Used for contrast control d) Controlled by RF pulses ANSWER: b Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 2: Fundamentals 1. T1 relaxation time is defined as when: a) 76% of the longitudinal magnetization has regrown b) 63% of the longitudinal magnetization has regrown c) 63% of the transverse magnetization has regrown d) 76% of the tissue s magnetization has regrown ANSWER: b 11

12 Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 2: Fundamentals 2. A vector has both direction and: a) Purpose b) Current c) Magnitude d) A fractional equivalent force Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 2: Fundamentals 3. K space is: a) The image in its natural state b) A negative of the MR image c) The raw data from which an MR image is created d) What comes after J space Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 3: Artifacts 1. Chemical shift occurs because: a) The system is undersampling the fat and water molecules b) The SNR is low c) Fat and water precess at different frequencies d) The tissue is undersampled in the frequency direction 12

13 Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 3: Artifacts 2. Susceptibility effects can be reduced by: a) Reducing the FOV b) Reducing the TR c) Reducing the TE d) a and c Part D: Physical Principles of Image Formation Section 3: Artifacts 3. Flow artifacts can be reduced by: a) Gradient moment nulling b) Spatial presaturation pulses c) Shortening the TE d) All of the above 13