Comparison of Community Structures and Species Diversity in Natural Forests and Forest Plantation of Pinus yunnanensis

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1 2010, 23( 4) : Forest Research : ( 2010) , 1, 1 *, 2, 3, 2 ( 1.,, ; 2., ; 3., ) :, :,,, ( ), ;, : ; ; ; ; : S : A Comparison of Community Structures and Species Diversity in Natural Forests and Forest Plantation of Pinus yunnanensis WANG Jian-min 1, LIU Juan 1, CHEN Xiao-ming 1, WEN Qing-zhong 2, DUAN Zhao-yao 3, LAI Xing-hui 2 ( 1. Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming , Yunnan, China; 2. Kunming Branch of Yunnan Institute of Forestry and Planning, Kunming , Yunnan, China; 3. Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming , Yunnan, China) Abstract: Community structures and species diversity in natural and man-made Pinus yunnanensis forests in central Yunnan were investigated. The results showed that, fewer interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest had the most stable and reasonable community structures, populations of the dominant species of tree stratum had the strongest ability in naturally regenerating and succession potential, and also the species diversity and habitat diversity were the most abundant. The features of fewer interferential natural forest described above were all superior to that of the more interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest; and more interferential natural forest preceded forest plantation. The more the interference ( both natural and artificial) increased during the originating process of the forests, the more the community stability, biodiversity, harmonious and balanced capacity and renewing capacity declined. However, the distribution range and quantum of the invasive species Ageratina adenophora increased in accompany with the increases of artificial interference, this perhaps indicated that Ageratina adenophora could be the bio-indicator of evaluating forest biodiversity, interference extent and forest health. Key words: Pinus yunnanensis; natural forest; forest plantation; interference; community structure : : ( 2006C0015Z) ; 948 ( ) ; ( ) : ( 1982 ),,,, :. * :,,,,. xmchen@ vip. km169. net

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3 4 : SPOT5,,, ;, 6, 9, 6 ( 1), m m;, ( DBH) 5 cm,, [ 13] ( ) : 5 cm ; cm ; cm ; cm 5 3 m 3 m, ; 1 1 m 1 m, 2. 2 [ ] : ( 1) I = ( + + ) 100 /3 ( 2) I = ( + + ) 100 /3 ( 3) : S = s ( 4) Shannon-Wiener : H = - P i lnp i i = 1 ( 5) Simpson : s D = 1 - n i ( n i - 1) /N( N - 1) i = 1 ( 6) Pielou : E = H / lns ( 7) Sorenson : Sm =2a /( b + c) : N ; n i i ; P i = n i /N; S ; a 2, b c ( I 50. 1), , m 3 hm - 2, ( ) m, ( ) cm, 1 3 3,, m, 51%, ; 5 m, 15%, ( Quercus variabilis Blume. ) ( Q. franchetii Skan. ),,, 3 m ( ), m, 0% 30%, ( Mahonia lomariifolia Takeda) ( Vaccinium fragile Franch. ) ( Lyonia ovalifolia ( Wall. ) Drude) ( Lespedeza cuneata ( Dum. de Cours. ) G. Don) ( Rhododendron speciferum Franch. ) m, 10% 90%, ( Arundinella anomala Stend. ) ( Schizachyrium delavayi ( Hack. ) A. Camus) ( Imperata cylindrical ( Linn. ) Beauv. ) ( Clinopodium repens ( D. Don ) Wall. ) ( Eupatorium adenophora Spreng. ) 2 :,, ( I 21),, ;, ( I 39. 2),,, ( I 27. 7), , m 3 hm - 2, ( ) m, ( ) cm,

4 ,, m, 90%,, 8 m, 22%, ( Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides Schott. ) ( Betula alnoides Hamilt. ) ( Castanopsis orthacantha Franch. ) ( Rhus chinensis Mill. ) ( Melia toosendan Sied. et Zucc. ), m, 1% 70%, ( Myrsine africana L. ) ( Rhododendron moulmainense Hook. ) ( ) ( Berberis jamesiana Forrest et W. W. Smith) ( ) ( Osteomeles schwerinae Schneid. ) m, 5% 70%, ( Achyranthes bidentata Blume. ) ( Arthraxon prionodes ( Steud. ) Dandy) ( Pteris cretica L. ) ( Microstegium ciliatum ( Trin. ) A. Camus) 2 :, ( I 20. 8),,,, ( ),, 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : ( ( ) m, ( ) cm, 1) ( ( ) m, ( ) cm, 1), 9 ( I 78. 7), ,, %, 10% 9 88, m 3 hm , 18 28,, 5. 9 m, 54% ; 42 45, m, 29%,, 4. 9 m, 30%, m, 1% 80%, ( Inula cappa DC. ) ( Osyris wightiana Wall. ex Wight) m, 1% 80%, ( Themeda triandra Forsk. ) ( Ainsliaea yunnanensis Franch. ) 2 :, ( ) ( ), ( ),, 9,, ;,, ( I 30. 8)

5 4 : ( I 91. 0), , m 3 hm - 2, 2 : ( ( ) m, ( ) cm, 1) ( ( ) m, ( ) cm, 1) 6 3 ( ,, ),, m, 48% m, 0 % 60%, ( Cotoneaster microphyllus Wall. Lindl. ) m, 10% ex 95%, ( Eulalia quadrinervis( Hack. ) O. Ktze) 2 :,, ( ),, ( 30 ),, ; ( I 41. 3) 3. 4, [ 19], [ 20 ] (, ),, :,,,,, 2 : :,, ( ), ; ; : ( ),, ( 3),,,,, 4 :,,,,

6 520 23,,,, ;, 3. 5 ( ), [ 21],,, ( ),, 35 ( ) ; ; 45 ( ), 3 ( 3 5) 3 : 35 3 ( S), Shannon-Wiener ( H ) Simpson ( D) Pielou ( E) Shannon-Wiener, 4 : 35 45,,,,,,, 5 : 45,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 5, : > > ; Shannon-Wiener > > ( ) ; Simpson 3 5, : > > ;,,,,,,,, : > >, 3 35 ( ) S H D E S H D E S H D E :, S H D E S H D E S H D E

7 4 : ( ) S H D E S H D E S H D E ,,,, [ 22] Sorenson ( Sm) ( ),, ( ), ; 6 Sorenson : : ( Sm ), ; ( ) ( ) ; ( ) ; ( ), :, ;, ( ),,, ( ),, 4,,,,,,,,,,, ( Monochamus alternatus Hope),,,,,,, ( ( Tomicus piniperda L. ) ( T. minor Hartig), : > >,, > >,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,

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