( Manis pentadactyla aurita)

Transcription

1 22 4 Vol122, No Acta Theriologica Sinica Nov1, , (1,, ) (2,, ) (3,, ) (4,, ) (5,, ) : ,, : , ind1/ km 2 ; ind1/ km 2, > > > / km 2,,,, ( F = > F 0101, 3/ 30 = 4151 > F 0101, 3/ 36), : ; ; ; ; : Q : A : (2002) [1 ( Manis pentadactyla) ],, (Nepal) (Sikkim) (Burma) ( Thailand) ( Indochina),, 1975 CITES, 1988, 1998 (V) [2 ], 14,,,,,, , ( Manis pentadactyla aurita),, : (WWF) ; : ( ),,,, 1E - mail : net1 : ; :

2 4 : ( , ), km 2 20, m,, 2214, , 1 713, - 115, 300 d mm, 4 8, ph , ( ) [3 ], 100, : ( Pinus massoniana ) ( Cunninghamia lanceolata ) ( Diospyros morrisiana ) ( Cinnamomum camphora ) ( C1 porrectum ) ( Melia azedarac) ( Vernicia fordii),, ; ; ( Muntiacus munt jak) ( Sus scrofa) ( Coptotermes formosanus) ( Macrotermes barneyi) ( Odontoter2 mes formosanus) ( Polyrhachis dives), 2 211,, : 11 4,,,,,,,,, [4, ], 12 ( ),,, 12,,, [4 8 ], 3 [4 ],,, 11 4,,,, 212

3 272 22,, (16109 km 2 ) (0146 km 2 ) (8153 km 2 ) (2151 km 2 ) 4, % , 4 10, 3 km, 3 m, 0118 km 2, ,,, GPS, 100 m d 213 (D k ) D k = 1/ m d i, d i i, 2 = 1/ m d 2 i - D 2 k D k k, = t / ( m - 1) 1/ 2 2 t t ( m - 1) ; = (1/ m d i - D 2 k ) 1/ 2, ( D k, P = 1 - m 214 ( T) T = 1/ n t j, k ) T j, n, t j j,,,,,,,,, , d A = 105/ T ( N k ) N k = S k ( D k k ) / A S k, N k k k ( D k ) , 105 d 1 1 :,,, E = > F 0101, 3/ 30 = 4151 > F 0101, 3/ 36) / km d (A)

4 4 : , 8 2, d, d, d , ( , = 012) Table 1 The density of pangolin burrows in different habitats in Dawuling Reserve (from Jan to Mar1 2001, = 012) ( D k ) Types of habitat The total area of sample strips (km 2 ) The total number of sample strips Number of burrows Mean density ( D k, burrows/ km 2 ) ( k ) Error limit (P) Confidence % Mixed coniferous and broadleaf forest % Evergreen broadleaf forest % Shrub % Coniferous forest elevel 2 Table 2 Duration of pangolin residing in aburrow Number of burrows ( t j, ) Residence time ( t j, d) (1115) (815) (1715) (1315) (715) (1315) (1415) (1115) ( T, ) Mean time for residence ( T, d) , ind1/ km 2 ; ind1/ km 2, > > > ( 3) 314, 20 (, km 2 ) ( 8, km 2 ) [3 ], [2, ] 20

5 ind1/ km 2, 2000 ( ) ( ) = Table 3 Number and density of pangolins in different habitats in Dawuling Reserve Mixed coniferous Evergreen broadleaf and broadleaf forest forest forest ( S k,) Area ( S k, km 2 ) ( N k ) Number ( N k, ind1) Density (ind1/ km 2 ) Mean density in different habitats (ind1/ km 2 ) Mean density in the Reserve (ind1/ km 2 ) Shrub Coniferous ( ) = ( ) = Total ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 m,,,,,,,, ,,,, ( Schima su2 perba) ( Adinandra millettii) ( Machilus chinensis) ( M1 thunbergii),,, [9 ],, % (35/ 61),,, ( Woodwardia japonica) ( Blechnum orientale) ( Gahnia tristis ) ( Miscanthus

6 4 : 275 floridulus) ( M1Sinensis), cm,,,,,, 412,,,,,,,, 60 ( ), ,, 80 % [2 ] [10 ] [11 ] 1 5, , (1-80 %) = , ( ) ( ) [11 ] ( ) ( ) [12 ], 2000 :,,, : [1 ] [ A ].,. [ C]. :, [2 ]. [M]. :, [3 ]. [M]. :, [4 ],. [J ]., 1981, (1) : [5 ] Masui M. Birth of Chinese pangolin Manis penadactyla at Ueno Zoo, Tokyo [J ]. Int Zoo Yb, 1967, (7) : [6 ] Nowak R M. Walker s Mammals of the World [M]. Baltimore, Maryland, U. S. A : The John Hopkins University Press, [7 ]. [J ]. ( ), 1998, (1) : [ 8 ] Chao J T, Chen YM, Ye Y C, Fang K Y. Notes on a newborn Formosan pangolin, Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla [J ]. J Taiwan Mus, 1993, 46 (1) : [9 ],,. [M]. :, [10 ],,,,. [J ]., 1997, 17

7 (1) : [11 ]. [J ]., 1996, 23 (2) : [12 ]. [J ]. ( ), 2000, THE POPULATION AND DENSITY OF PANGOLIN IN DAWUL ING NATURAL RESERVE AND THE NUMBER OF PANGOL IN RESOURCE IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE WU Shibao 1,2 MA Guangzhi 3 TANG Mei 3 CHEN Hai 4 XU Zhaorong 5 LIU Naifa 1 (1 School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, , Gansu, China) (2 Zhanjiang Normal College, Zhanjiang, ) (3 South China Normal University, Guangzhou, , Guangdong, China) (4 Maoming Forest bureau, Maoming, , Guangdong, China) (5 Dawuling Natural Reserve, Maoming, , Guangdong, China) Abstract : A survey was conducted between December 2000 and March 2001 on the population and density of Chinese pangolin ( Manis pentadactyla aurita) in Dawuling Natural Reserve, Maoming, Guangdong Province, China. The results showed a population of individuals with the average density of ind1/ km 2 in this Reserve. The average pangolin density ranged ind1/ km 2 in different habitats in the following order : mixed coniferous and broadleaf forest ( ind1/ km 2 ) > evergreen broadleaf forest ( ind. / km 2 ) > shrub ( ind. / km 2 ) > coniferous forest ( ind1/ km 2 ). The mean density of burrows in different habitats was burrows/ km 2 with the identical order as the pangolin density : mixed conifer2 ous and broadleaf forest ( burrows/ km 2 ) > evergreen broadleaf forest (50100 burrows/ km 2 ) > shrub (33134 burrows/ km 2 ), coniferous forest (11111 burrows/ km 2 ). The difference in pangolin burrow density among habitats was highly significant at P < According to the density of pangolin population in Dawuling Natural Re2 serve, it was estimated that a population of individuals in Guangdong Province. Key words : Pangolin ( Manis pentadactyla aurita) ; Population ; Density ; Dawuling Natural Reserve ; Guangdong Province