( L ari x chi nensis) ( Pinaceae) ( L ari x Mill), m. CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY,Feb. 2005,16 (2)

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1 CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY,Feb. 2005,16 (2) (, ),,, (118087) (117931),. Morisita. Greig2Smith, 128 m m 2,. ( PI),,,, (2005) S718 A Spatial distribution pattern and fractal analysis of L a rix chinensis populations in Qinling Mountain. GUO Hua,WAN G Xiaoan, XIAO Yaping ( College of L if e Science, S haanxi Norm al U niversity, Xi an , China). 2Chin. J. A ppl. Ecol.,2005,16 (2) : In this paper,the fractal characters of L arix chinensis populations in Qinling Mountain were studied by contigu2 ous grid quadrate sampling method and by boxing2counting dimension and information dimension. The results showed that the high boxing2counting dimension ( ) and information dimension ( ) reflected a higher spatial occupational degree of L. chinensis populations.judged by the dispersal index and Morisita s pat2 tern index, L. chinensis populations clumped at three different age stages (0 25,25 50 and over 50 years). From Greig2Smiths mean variance analysis, the figure of pattern scale showed that L. chinensis populations clumped in 128 m 2 and 512 m 2,and the different age groups clumped in different scales. The pattern intensities decreased with increasing age,and tended to reduce with increasing area when detected by Kershaw s PI index. The spatial pattern characters of L. chinensis populations may be their responses to environmental factors. Key words L arix chinensis, Fractal dimension, Spatial distribution pattern, Pattern intensity, Pattern scale. 1,.,, [3,9 ]. ( L ari x chi nensis) ( Pinaceae) ( L ari x Mill), m,,.,, [2 ].,.,,,, [2,8,11 ].,.,,. 3 ( ) ,

2 ,,, m ( ), ; 8 ( E), 2 ( N)., mm, , ;,, mm, ( ) (1 000 m ) ( m) ( m) ( m), (3 000 m ) [2,8,11 ] , 3 64 m 64 m.,.,, Y = X ( r = , P < 0101), ,,, 10 ( 4 m 2 m), log( N ( ) ) D b = lim 0 - log( ), D b ;, ; N. 2 ( 32) 32 ( 2), 31. N, N ( ), D b. I ( ) D i = lim 0 - ln ( ), D i ;, ; I ( ). N i, N, P i = N i / N, I i = - P i ln P i, I ( ) = I i. I ( ) ( ), D i Morisita, Taylor, Iwao m 3 2m, [9,17 ] Greig2Smith, [9,17 ] ) : Kershaw PI = [ (2 ) / Ns ] 1/ 2, Ns ( Ns = 2 n, n = 0,1,2,3, ). 10, 8 m 2, 2., Y, X,. 2) : ( ) [14,16,17 ] 3, ( PI), , [6 ]. (Box2count2 ing dimension)..,,. ( Information di2 mension), [5 ].,,. 2.,,,. 1, (1) (2)., [5,6 ]. ( 1), (1), ;,. (2) ( D b = ), 2 ( ), m, m, ( ),,.

3 2 : ( (1) (2) ) Fig. 1 Box2counting dimension of L. chinensis population ( Function (1) and (2) represent the D b of both sides of the inflexion). ( 2), (3) (4), (4) 2,, [5 ] , 1 2, m,,,. 2 ( (3) (4) ) Fig. 2 Information dimension of L. chinensis population ( Function 3 and 4 represent the D i of both sides of the inflexion).,,,,. ( 2),,,,,,,. 312 ( ) m m, 3 (4 m 8 m). 1.,. 2 np(x i ) 5, ( i = 0,1,2, r), 2.., Morisita,. Taylor,Iwao. Morisita ( I),, 3. Taylor,. Iwao,, [9,17 ] Table 1 Analysis of spatial patterns of L arix chinensis population ( Cx) Dispersal index Morisita ( I) Morisita s pattern index Lga Taylor Taylor method b Iwao Iwao method 0 25 yr yr yr Total Clumped > 1 > 1 Lga > 0,b > 1,, > 0, > 1, Random = 1 = 1 Lga = 0,b = 1 = 1 Even < 1 < 1 Lga < 0,b < 1 < Difference between the calculated and theoretical values is markedly insignificant ; 3 Difference between the calculated and theoretical values is insignificant.

4 , m 2, m , 0 25, 128 m m , 256 m 2, 6,. 3 50, 1 5, 6 8, m m ,., 2 [9 ] m 2.,.,,,., 128 m m 2, (20 m 20 m), 40 m 40 m. 3 Fig. 3 Analysis of pattern scale of L arix chinensis population. 314 Kershaw ( PI). PI, PI Y X, ( 4).,.,, 4 Fig. 4 Analysis of pattern intensity of L arix chinensis population.., ( PI),. [13,16 ],. ( C) ( m 3 ) ( I),,., m m 3 m 3 / m, [9 ]. ( k),,. CASSIE ( CA ) k. GREEN ( GI).,. 1 Taylor Iwao, ( C) ( m 3 ) ( I).,,,,. ( PI), ( PI). 2 Table 2 Analysis of pattern intensities of L arix chinensis populations 0 25 yr yr > 50 yr total ( C) ( I) ( m 3 ) ,.,

5 2 : 231 [1 ], (, ), ;,, ;,.,. ( Coryl us heterophylla),,, [7 ] ; ( Pi nus arm andi), 2 2 [10 ] ; [4 ] ( Tax us m ai rei),,,, ; [15 ] 1 10 ( Q uercus vari2 abilis),, 20.,, m,,.,.,..,,, [6 ].,,,,,,. 0 25,.,,,,,,, ( ).,, ,.,, 013 g,,,,.,,.,. ( m),., m, m,,.,,.,,,,., ( Bet ula utilis) [12 ],.,, [16 ]..,.,,.,,,.,,

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