Tuning the Shell Number of Multi-Shelled Metal Oxide. Hollow Fibers for Optimized Lithium Ion Storage

Transcription

1 Supporting Information Tuning the Shell Number of Multi-Shelled Metal Oxide Hollow Fibers for Optimized Lithium Ion Storage Jin Sun, Chunxiao Lv, Fan Lv, ǁ Shuai Chen, Daohao Li, Ziqi Guo, Wei Han, Dongjiang Yang, *,, # and Shaojun Guo *,ǁ Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao , P. R. China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing , P. R. China. State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Taiyuan , P. R. China. College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao , P. R. China. Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun , P. R. China. # Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan , P. R. China. d.yang@qdu.edu.cn (Dongjiang Yang*); guosj@pku.edu.cn (Shaojun Guo*)

2 Figure S1. Photographs of Ni-AF with the increased volume fraction of ethanol from 0 % to 66 %.

3 Figure S2. XRD patterns of multi-shelled NiO hollow microfibers.

4 Figure S3. Low-magnification SEM images of (a) single-shelled, (b) double-shelled, and (c) triple-shelled and (d) shell-broken NiO hollow microfibers.

5 Figure S4. XRD patterns of multi-shelled Co 3 O 4 hollow microfibers.

6 Figure S5. XRD patterns of multi-shelled Fe 2 O 3 hollow microfibers.

7 Figure S6. Low-magnification SEM images of (a) single-shelled, (b) double-shelled, and (c) triple-shelled and (d) shell-broken Co 3 O 4 hollow microfibers.

8 Figure S7. Low-magnification SEM images of (a) single-shelled, (b) double-shelled, and (c) triple-shelled and (d) shell-broken Fe2O3 hollow microfibers.

9 Figure S8. (a) Cyclic voltammograms of triple-shelled Co 3 O 4 hollow microfibers at different sweep rates. The inset shows the corresponding the relationship of the sweep rate and peak current. (b) The Nyquist plots of multi-shelled Co 3 O 4 hollow microfibers. Figure S9. (a) Cyclic voltammograms of triple-shelled Fe 2 O 3 hollow microfibers at different sweep rates. The inset shows the corresponding the relationship of the sweep rate and peak current. (b) The Nyquist plots of multi-shelled Fe 2 O 3 hollow microfibers.

10 Table S1. Summary of synthesis conditions of various multi-shelled NiO/Co 3 O 4 /Fe 2 O 3 hollow microfibers. Ni(Ac) 2 4H 2 O Structures Co(Ac) 2 4H 2 O, FeCl 3 6H 2 O, Water: Ethanol (v:v) Calcination temperature Concentration (M) Single-shelled 0.1 1:0 500 C Double-shelled 0.1 2:1 500 C Triple-shelled 0.1 1:1 500 C Shell-broken 0.1 1:2 500 C

11 Table S2. Comparisons of the LIBs performance of triple-shelled Co 3 O 4 /Fe 2 O 3 hollow microfibres and recently reported Fe 2 O 3 /NiO-based materials. Current Reversible Cycle Sample density (ma capacity number References g 1 ) (mah g 1 ) (Times) Double-shelled hollow Co 3 O 4 spheres Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, Hierarchical CNT/ Co 3 O 4 microtubes Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, Peapod-like Co 3 O nanotube Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, Co 3 O 4 CNT heterostructures Nanoscale, 2013, 5, Hollow Co 3 O 4 parallelepipeds J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, Mesoporous nanostructured Co 3 O J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, H 3 O 4 nanofiber Sci. Rep. 2015, 5,

12 Triple-shelled Co 3 O 4 microfibre This work Fe 2 O 3 yolk shell Nanoscale, 2013, 5, a-fe 2 O 3 multi-shelled hollow spheres Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, D hollow α-fe 2 O 3 electrospun nanofibers J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, Carbon coated CNT@ Fe 2 O Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, α- Fe 2 O 3 Hollow Spheres J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, Thin and thick α-fe 2 O 3 multi-shelled hollow spheres Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7, Bubble-nanorod-structured Fe 2 O 3 -C composite nanofibers ACS Nano, 2015, Triple-shelled Fe 2 O 3 microfibres This work

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14 Lithium Ion Batteries. Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, (10) Chaudhari, S.; Srinivasan, M., 1D Hollow α-fe 2 O 3 Electrospun Nanofibers as High Performance Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, (11) Wang, Z.; Luan, D.; Madhavi, S.; Hu, Y.; Lou, X. W. Assembling Carbon-Coated α-fe 2 O 3 Hollow Nanohorns on the CNT Backbone for Superior Lithium Storage Capability. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, (12) Wang, B.; Chen, J. S.; Wu, H. B.; Wang, Z.; Lou, X. W. Quasiemulsion-Templated Formation of Alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, (13) Xu, S.; Hessel, C. M.; Ren, H.; Yu, R.; Jin, Q.; Yang, M.; Zhao, H.; Wang, D., α-fe 2 O 3 Multi-Shelled Hollow Microspheres for Lithium Ion Battery Anodes with Superior Capacity and Charge Retention. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, (14) Cho, J. S.; Hong, Y. J.; Kang, Y. C. Design and Synthesis of Bubble-Nanorod-Structured Fe 2 O 3 -Carbon Nanofibers as Advanced Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries. ACS Nano 2015, 9,