Stamp Area. Earth Science - Note Packet #5. The Layers of the Earth. The Earth is a planet which was formed about.

Transcription

1 Name: Earth Science - Note Packet #5 Mr. LaFranca s - Period Date: Aim: What does Density have to do with the Earth? Do Now: Why do you think making a tunnel from New York to China is impossible? Stamp Area The Layers of the Earth The Earth is a planet which was formed about. In the beginning, the Earth was a ball of, but as the Earth cooled, materials that were very dense began to. Those material that were not so dense, stayed rface. As a result, layers formed inside the Earth.

2 Can we go to the center of the Earth? As you dig deep into the Earth, the. The temperature rises as the results of the building up from the rocks being piled up on top of each other. The deeper you go the more rocks are. More pressure = Earth s Interior Chart On page 10 of your reference booklet, you will find the Inferred Properties of Earth s Interior chart. This chart is actually 3 charts that work together.

3 Earth s Interior Chart (cont) This part of the chart shows the names and the densities of the 5 main layers of the Earth. The Lithosphere or crust (solid) is the outer most layer of the Earth. There are 2 types of crust: Continental Crust. Oceanic Crust-. Oceanic Crust is than Continental crust The Asthenosphere is the second layer in which the crust floats on. (solid and liquid) The Mantle (magma) is liquid rock. The Outer and Inner Cores consist of very dense material- The

4 The bottom 2 charts show relationships. The top chart shows the relationship between pressure and depth. The bottom chart shows the relationship between temperature and depth.

5 Classwork based on p What is the density of the continental crust? 2. What is the density of the oceanic crust? 3. Which one will go below the other it the other if the oceanic and continental crust were to collide? 4. What is the most dense layer of the Earth? 5. What it the temperature of the inner core? 6. What is the pressure of the inner core? The Layers of the Earth (atmosphere) The Earth also has layers that surround it. ( ) These layers are formed by. Those layers closest to the surface of the Earth are the. Those layers further away from the crust (or closest to outer space) The Atmosphere chart is on top of P. 14 Troposphere. Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere

6 This chart also shows relationships Temperature Zones Atmospheric Pressure Water Vapor Classwork based on p What is the altitude of the stratosphere? 2. Planes fly above the troposphere - guess a possible altitude for a plane in flight. 3. Which happens to the amount of water vapor as you increase altitude of the atmosphere? 4. What the lowest temperature in the thermosphere? 5. What is the air pressure of the troposphere?

7 Questions: 1. What is the inferred pressure, in millions of atmospheres, in Earth's interior at a depth of 2900 kilometers? A) 1.4 B) 9.9 C) 3.0 D) In which Earth layer does the pressure reach 3.5 million atmospheres? A) crust B) stiffer mantle C) outer core D) inner core 3. At what approximate altitude in the atmosphere can stratospheric ozone be found? A) 10 km B) 30 km C) 70 km D) 100 km 4. Which temperature zone of Earth s atmosphere contains the most water vapor? A) mesosphere B) stratosphere C) thermosphere D) troposphere 5. In which two temperature zones of the atmosphere does the temperature increase with increasing altitude? A) troposphere and stratosphere B) troposphere and mesosphere C) stratosphere and thermosphere D) mesosphere and thermosphere 6. An air temperature of 95ºC most often exists in which layer of the atmosphere? A) troposphere B) stratosphere C) mesosphere D) thermosphere

8 7. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents zones of Earth s interior, identified by letters A through E. The scale shows depths below Earth s surface, measured in kilometers. The Moho is a boundary located in zone A) A B) B C) E D) D 8. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of Earth shown below. Letters B, C, and D represent layers of Earth. Letter Q represents a location on Earth's surface. Which letter best represents Earth's mantle? A) Q B) B C) C D) D 9. The inferred temperature and pressure of Earth's interior at a depth of 3,000 kilometers are approximately A) 1000 C and 0.5 million atmospheres B) 1000 C and 1.0 million atmospheres C) 5000 C and 1.5 million atmospheres D) 5000 C and 3.0 million atmospheres

9 10. Which graph best shows the range of density in each of Earth's layers? 11. What happens to the density and temperature of rock within Earth s interior as depth increases? A) density decreases and temperature decreases B) density decreases and temperature increases C) density increases and temperature increases D) density increases and temperature decreases 12. What is the inferred temperature at the boundary between Earth s stiffer mantle and outer core? A) 2,500 C B) 4,500 C C) 5,000 C D) 6,200 C

10 13. When a continental crustal plate collides with an oceanic crustal plate, the continental crust is forced to move over the oceanic crust. What is the primary reason that the continental crust stays on top of the oceanic crust? A) Continental crust is less dense. B) Continental crust deforms less easily. C) Continental crust melts at higher temperatures. D) Continental crust contains more mafic minerals. Base your answers to questions 14 and 15 on the diagram below which represents Earth's interior zones. 14. Which graph best represents the relationship between depth below Earth's surface and density? 15. In which layer of Earth's interior is the inferred temperature 6,000 C? A) crust B) mantle C) outer core D) inner core