El Límite K/T en el Caribe Occidental. Grupo Cubano-Japones 2001
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1 El Límite K/T en el Caribe Occidental Grupo Cubano-Japones 2001
2 Posición de las localidades donde se ha estudiado el límite KTB Brazos river Boss river Teirra mar plataformas taludes La Lajilla Bahama s Mar profundo Puntos Mimbral Bochil Cacarajicara. Moncada Fm. Peñalver Beloc Plataforma cubana
3 Localidades estudiadas in in Cuba occidental Moncada Cacarajicara Peñalver
4 Secciones estudiadas en detalle En Bahia Honda-La Habana-Matanzas: Peñalver (Espesor~180m) En Sierra del Rosario: Cacarajícara (Espesor~ 700m) En Los Organos : Moncada (Espesor~ 2m)
5 Sección de la Formación Peñalver subdivision Takayama this study et al. (2000) Apolo Fm. Lithology Marlstone with turbidite 150 Uppermost Subunit B massive, structureless Pillar structure Pipe structure Rip-up intraclast calcilutite calcarenite calcirudite m Peñalver Formation Upper Middle Lower Basal Upper Homogenite Unit Subunit A Lower Gravity Flow Unit Fm. Via Blanca faint bedding water escape structure (pillar, pipe) thin mudstone pebble layers > 1 m intraclasts upward fining Pelagic planctonic and benthic foraminifera Macrofossils of shallow marine origin Micritic limestone with turbidite
6 Límite inferior de la Formación Peñalver CONTACTO CON LA FORMACIÓN VIA BLANCA
7 Sección media de la Fm Peñalver (Homogenita)
8 The Lower Unit The Upper Unit Thin section photomicrographs of the Penalver Fm.
9 Vertical variations in grain size and composition (m ) 18 0 Apolo Formation Upper -most (a) (b) (c) Composition of Grain composition (vol %) Composition of carbonate grains (%) noncarbonate grains (%) Upper Peñalver Formation Middle Lower Basal 0 Via Blanca Formation Maximum size of silicate grains (µm) Matrix Carbonate grain Noncarbonate grain Lithic fragments Serpentine Altered volcanic rocks Quartz Feldspar Colored minerals Micritic limestone Sparse-Packed biomictite Crystaline carbonate Large shallow marine bioclasts Benthic foraminifera Planctonic foraminifera
10 Penalver Formation The Lower Gravity Flow Unit a) Homogeneous and grain-supported calciludite b) Large intraclasts of the underlying formation c) Shallow-marine fossil and limestone fragments The Upper Homogenite* Unit a) Massive appearance b) Upward-fining calcarenite and calcilutite c) Abundant water-escape structure in the lower part d) Abundant pelagic microfossils of various ages (boundary cocktail) * homogenite = a deep-sea tsunami deposit
11 Supporting Evidence for KTB Occurrence of latest Maastrichtian age fossils (Micula prinsii) in the mudstone intraclast of the lower gravity flow unit Early Paloecene age (NP1) for the overlying Vibora Formation in Bahia Honda area Occurrence of shocked quartz throughout the upper homogenite unit Occurrence of altered vesicular glass in the lower gravity flow unit Mixed reworked fossil assemblage (K/T boundary cocktail) in the upper homogenite unit
12 Shocked Quartz and Vesicular Glass in the Penalver Formation 50 um 500 um Shocked Quartz (The Upper Unit) An altered vesicular glass (The Lower Unit)
13 Figure 22. Distribution of microfossils in the Peñlver, Via Blanca and Apolo Formation Mixed microfossil assemblage in the upper homogenite unit 20 0 Apolo Formation 120 Aptian Albian Cenom. Tu. Con. Sa. Camp. Masst. K/T 65 55(Ma) Palepcene taxa of CP8 Morozovella aequa F.O. L.O. Upper -most (Early Aptian) 66.2 Micula murus 69.2 Reinhardtites levis Tranolithus orinonatus Eiffelithus eximius Nannoconus steinmanii 15 0 Globotruncana bulloides Globotruncana linneiana Globotruncana ventricosa 66.2 Micula murus Peñalver Formation Upper Middle Lower Intraclast of greenish gray mudstone Tranolithus orinonatus Globotruncana bulloides Globotruncana linneiana Globotruncana ventricosa Globotruncanita conica Globotruncana linneiana Globotruncanita stuarti Micula prinsii Micula murus Basal 0 Via Blanca Formation 66.2 Micula murus Tranolithus orinonatus Eiffelithus eximius Rugoglobigerina rugosa Rugoglobigerina scotti
14 Regional Variation of Facies An erosional basal contact at the base of the homogenite unit Thinner thickness of the upper homogenite unit Coarser grain size of the calciludite Multiple gravity flow layers in the lower unit Decreasing abundance of serpentine fragments at persumably shallower sites
15 Regional lithological variation of the Penalver Formation Apolo Fm. Subunit B Pillar structure Pipe structure Rip-up intraclast 150 calcilutite Peñalver Formation Upper Homogenite Unit Subunit A calcarenite calcirudite Erosional surface Lower Gravity Flow Unit Via Blanca Fm. Type locality Matanzas Erosional surface > 5 times 2 times Santa Isabel 0m
16 Compositional Oscillations in the Homogenite Unit Faint oscillations in grain composition and size in the calcarenite part (serpentine + quartz) vs. limestone fragments repeated 5 times associated with zones of intense water-escape structures Rare association of black shale intraclasts and faint lamination
17 Detailed variation in grain composition and size in the homogenite unit Serpentine content Maximum grain size (µm) Apolo Fm. 180 Subunit B non-carbonate grain 150 Peñalver Formation Upper homogenite Unit Subunit A Lower gravity flow Unit Via Blanca Fm. 0m
18 Possible Depositional Process of the Penalver Formation Impact (seismic wave) Cuban platform 1 st large tsunami wave shocked quartz ( 250µm) 1 st large tsunami altered vesicular glass ( 2mm) gravity flow impact seismic wave resuspended sediment cloud 1 st large tsunami wave base erosion following tsunami wave secondary resuspended sediment cloud Few days after following tsunami wave base erosion Dilute sediment cloud initial sediment cloud dilute cloud, no erosional
19 The Cacarajicara Formation 300-m-thick lower breccia unit Well-sorted cobbles of of mixed shallow-water and deep-water carbonates and cherts Reversely graded rectangular boulders 400-m-thick upper calcarenite to to calcilutite unit Abundant water-escape structure in in calcarenite Abundant planktonic forams, micritic limestone fragments, and serpentine lithics Single normal grading throughout the formation Abundant shocked quartz grains throughout the formation
20 A columnar section of the Cacarajicara Formation Homogenite Unit Gravity Flow Unit (Kiyokawa et al., in press)
21 Lower Gravity Flow Unit of the Cacarajicara Fm.
22 The Moncada Formation 2-m-thick, calcareous sandstone complex (5 (5 units) Overall upward-fining and thinning of of the the units Paleocurrent reversals between the the units Albian to to Maastrichtian mixed fossil assemblage for for the the Moncada Foramtion Albian-Cenomanian age for for the the underlying Pons Formation Evidence for association with KTB impact Ir-rich clay layer at at the the top of of the the formation Abundant shocked quartz throughout the the formation Altered vesicular glass with quenched pyroxene texture
23 A Columnar section section of of the the Moncada Formation with with maximum grain grain size size and and paleocurrent directions
24 Compositional Variation in in the Moncada Formation
25 Ir (ppt) Ir Ir Profile in in the Moncada Fm. ANCON FM. Ancon Fm. 2 MONCADA FM. UNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3 UNIT 4 U 5 UMM Pons 0 PONS Fm. FM. m Ir (ppt)
26 Ejecta in in the Moncada Fm. ω Shocked Quartz π ξ Pyroxene quenched crystals
27 The Moncada Fm. Ir Ir
28 Possible depositional process of of the the Cacarajicara and Moncada Formations 1. Impact seismic wave caused slope failure 2. Slope failure triggered a gravity flow 3. First large tsunami resuspended ejecta in shallower environment 4. A few weeks later 1 st Tsunami Wavebase Moncada Fm. Cacarajicara Fm.
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