Guided Notes Rocks & Minerals
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1 Guided Notes Rocks & Minerals is Mineral 1.What is a Mineral Tests 2.Mineral Properties Cycle 3.Rock Rocks 4.Igneous Rocks 5.Sedimentary Rocks 6. Metamorphic Rocks Reference Tables K. Coder 2015
2 12. What are sedimentary rocks? Sedimentary Rocks: rocks formed from the weathering and erosion of rocks into sediments and the deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation of those sediments Sediments: small fragments of rock (see ESRT pg 6 top right for sediment names & sizes)
3 12. What are sedimentary rocks? Weathering: breakdown of rocks into smaller particles Erosion: process that moves sediments to a new location Deposition: when sediments are dropped in a new location. Most sediments are eventually deposited on the seafloor Burial: sediments are buried by other sediments
4 12. What are sedimentary rocks? Compaction: Sediment particles are compressed and joined together Cementation: Minerals dissolved in water act as a cement, joining rocks together
5 13. How and where do sedimentary rocks form? Sedimentary rocks are formed in horizontal layers, typically in the ocean.
6 All information about each rock is found within the same row as that rock. Names of sedimentary rocks & their symbol on a map
7 14. What are the key features of sedimentary rocks? Horizontal Layers Fossils (imprints or shells joined together) Rocks Fragments Cemented Together
8 14. What are the key features of sedimentary rocks?
9 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? 1) Clastic (fragmental): rocks made from sediments joined together after deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation
10 All information about each rock is found within the same row as that rock.
11 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? Classification: Clastic rocks are classified based upon their grain size. a. Shale is made of Clay (less than cm). b. Siltstone is made of Silt ( to cm).
12 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? c. Sandstone is made of Sand (0.006 to 0.2 cm). d. Conglomerate and breccia are made of Pebbles, cobbles, and/or boulders embedded in. sand, silt, and/or clay Conglomerate and breccia are different because Conglomerate is composed of. rounded fragments while breccia is composed of angular fragments.
13 Smallest grain size Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Largest grain size Shale: Siltstone: Sandstone: Conglomerate:
14 Conglomerate vs. Breccia Conglomerate Breccia
15 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? 2) Crystalline (chemical): rocks that form when water containing dissolved mineral evaporates and leaves behind solid materials
16 All information about each rock is found within the same row as that rock. K. Coder 2015
17 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? Classification: Chemical rocks are classified based upon their mineral composition. a. Rock salt is composed of b. Rock gypsum is composed of c. Dolostone is composed of d. Limestone is composed of
18 Crystalline Sedimentary Rocks Rock Salt Rock Gypsum
19 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? 3) Bioclastic (organic): rocks that form from the remains of living things
20 All information about each rock is found within the same row as that rock. K. Coder 2015
21 15. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? Classification: Bioclastic rocks have different mineral compositions and formed from different types of organisms. a. Limestone is composed of and formed from. b. Bituminous coal is composed of and formed from
22 Bioclastic Sedimentary Rocks Bituminous Coal Limestone (Coquina)
23 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. i. How are rocks A through D similar?
24 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. ii. How are rocks A, C, and D different?
25 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. iii. How are rocks A and B different?
26 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. iv. What is the mineral composition of rock E?
27 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. v. What is the mineral composition of rock F?
28 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. vi. Describe the process by which rock F formed.
29 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 1) Base your answers to questions i through vii on the drawings below which show six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. vii. Which rock would bubble when in contact with acid?
30 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 2) The sequence of diagrams below represents the gradual geologic changes in layer X, located just below Earth's surface. Which type of sedimentary rock was formed at layer X?
31 Review Sedimentary Rock Identification 3) The cross section shows a portion of Earth s crust. Letters A, B, C, and D represent rock units that have not been overturned. Name the sedimentary rock layer A, B, and D. A: B: D:
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