The Peopling of the World

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1 Name Date CHAPTER 1 Form A CHAPTER TEST The Peopling of the World Part 1: Main Ideas Writetheletterofthetermornamethatbest matches the description. (4 points each) a. bronze b. Neolithic Revolution c. civilization d. Homo erectus e. Catal Huyuk f. culture g. Neanderthal h. cuneiform i. Ur j. trade 1. What is the term for the unique way of life of a group of people? 2. What was the dramatic and far-reaching change in human life caused by the discovery of farming? 3. What ancient city was founded on the banks of the Euphrates River? 4. What ancient village, located in what is now Turkey, is known for its obsidian products and colorful wallpaintings? 5. What economic activity characterized the advanced cities in Sumer? 6. What was the system of writing that the Sumerian scribes created? 7. What are trade, specialized work, government, record keeping, and advanced technology characteristics of? 8. What early species of hominids was the first to migrate, to use tools, to use fire, and perhaps to develop the beginnings of spoken language? 9. What substance did Sumer s metalworkers create to make their tools harder than copper? 10. The disappearance of which early species of hominids 30,000 years ago still has archaeologists baffled? 8 UNIT 1, CHAPTER 1

2 Name Test Form A continued Part 2: Map Skills Use the map to choose the best possible answer. (4 points each) Early Human Migration, 1,600,000 B.C. 10,000 B.C. ARCTIC OCEAN N W E S 40 N 0 Arctic Circle Heidelberg, Germany Mladec, Czech Rep. 600,000 years ago 33,000 years ago EUROPE Tighenif, Algeria 700,00 years ago Tropic of Capricorn AFRICA Klasies River Mouth, South Africa 40 S 100,000 years ago 0 Area of Origins Human Qafzeh, Israel 92,000 years ago. Afar, Ethiopia 3.5 million years ago Lake Turkana, Kenya 1.6 million years ago 40 E Ubeidiya, Israel 1 million years ago. INDIAN OCEAN ASIA Malta, Russia 15,000 years ago Lantian, China 700,000 years ago Trinil, Indonesia 700,000 years ago Liujiang, China 67,000 years ago 0 1,500 3,000 miles AUSTRALIA 0 1,500 3,000 kilometers Miller Projection Lake Mungo, Australia 38,000 years ago 80 E Diuktai Cave, Russia 14,000 years ago PACIFIC OCEAN Tropic of Cancer Tabon Cave, Philippines 30,000 years ago 160 E 160 W Homo erectus fossil site Homo sapiens fossil site Homo erectus migration route Homo sapiens migration route Extent of the last glacier, 18,000 B.C. Extent of land areas, 18,000 B.C. 11. At which of the following fossil sites did archaeologists find the earliest Homo erectus remains? a. Tighenif, Algeria b. Lake Turkana, Kenya c. Heidelberg, Germany d. Ubeidiya. Israel 12. At what fossil site did archaeologists find the earliest Homo sapiens remains? a. Klasies River Mouth, South Africa b. Qafzeh, Israel c. Liujiang, China d. Mladec, Czech Republic 13. To which continents did Homo erectus migrate from Africa? a. Australia and Europe b. Asia and Africa c. the Americas and Europe d. Asia and Europe The Peopling of the World 9

3 Name Test Form A continued 14. What is the northernmost fossil site of Homo erectus remains? a. Mladec, Czech Republic b. Diuktai Cave, Russia c. Heidelberg, Germany d. Malta, Russia 15. This map shows the extent of glaciers at what time period? a. 10,000 B.C. b. 18,000 B.C. c. 100,000 B.C. d. 160,000 B.C. Part 3: Interpreting Charts Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) Agricultural Revolution Average Global Temperature (in in Fahrenheit) 60º 58º 56º 54º 52º Beginnings of Agriculture Last Ice Age 50º Years Ago (in thousands) World Population (in millions) Post-Agricultural Revolution Agricultural Revolution Hunting-Gathering Stage Years Ago (in thousands) 16. What was the approximate global temperature 1,000 years ago? a. 50 degrees b. 56 degrees c. 58 degrees d. 60 degrees 17. About how many years ago did the beginnings of agriculture take place? a. 5,000 b. 10,000 c. 15,000 d. 20, What was the average global temperature at the time when agriculture began? a. 50 degrees b. 52 degrees c. 55 degrees d. 58 degrees 10 UNIT 1, CHAPTER 1

4 Name Test Form A continued 19. What was the approximate population at the beginning and at the end of the agricultural revolution? a. 5 million and 90 million b. 0 and 50 million c. 25 million and 130 million d. 80 million and 100 million 20. During what period of time were hominids hunter-gatherers? a. 25,000 to 10,000 years ago b. 25,000 to 15,000 years ago c. 10,000 to 5,000 years ago d. 20,000 to 1,000 years ago Part 4: Extended Response Answer the following questions on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet. (10 points each) 21. Drawing Conclusions What were the achievements of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens during the Stone Age? Think about: advances in technology mastery over nature improved food supplies 22. Recognizing Effects What types of specialized workers did a surplus of food supplies make possible in advanced cities like Ur? Name three types of specialized workers and describe what they contributed to city life. Think about: new tools and technologoy specialized skills related to trade specialized skills for record keeping and governing The Peopling of the World 11

5 Name Date CHAPTER 1 Form B CHAPTER TEST The Peopling of the World Part 1: Main Ideas If the statement is true, write true on the line. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make it true. (4 points each) 1. The discovery of farming and domestication brought about the Paleolithic Age. 2. Homo habilis was the earliest hominid to migrate from Africa and settle in India, China, Southeast Asia, and Europe. 3. One of the Neanderthals greatest achievements was surviving the Bronze Age. 4. The archaeological discoveries at Catal Huyuk added to our understanding of early cave drawings. 5. The characteristic that clearly distinguishes Homo sapiens from Homo erectus is brain size. 6. Sumerian scribes invented cuneiform for the purpose of writing letters. 7.DuringthePaleolithicperiod,StoneAgepeoplewerefarmers. 8. Ur s tallest and most important building, the city s temple, was known as a ziggurat. _ 9. One example of the new technology characteristic of an advanced city was the process by which skilled metalworkers combined two metals to make copper. 12 UNIT 1, CHAPTER 1

6 Name Test Form B continued 10. Government, religion, and an economy are typical of specialized jobs one of the five characteristics of civilization. Part 2: Map Skills Use the map to choose the best possible answer. (4 points each) Early Human Migration, 1,600,000 B.C. 10,000 B.C. ARCTIC OCEAN N W E S 40 N 0 Arctic Circle Heidelberg, Germany Mladec, Czech Rep. 600,000 years ago 33,000 years ago EUROPE Tighenif, Algeria 700,00 years ago Tropic of Capricorn AFRICA Klasies River Mouth, South Africa 40 S 100,000 years ago 0 Area of Origins Human Qafzeh, Israel 92,000 years ago. Afar, Ethiopia 3.5 million years ago Lake Turkana, Kenya 1.6 million years ago 40 E Ubeidiya, Israel 1 million years ago. INDIAN OCEAN ASIA Malta, Russia 15,000 years ago Lantian, China 700,000 years ago Trinil, Indonesia 700,000 years ago Liujiang, China 67,000 years ago 0 1,500 3,000 miles AUSTRALIA 0 1,500 3,000 kilometers Miller Projection Lake Mungo, Australia 38,000 years ago 80 E Diuktai Cave, Russia 14,000 years ago PACIFIC OCEAN Tropic of Cancer Tabon Cave, Philippines 30,000 years ago 160 E 160 W 11. According to the map, where did hominids originate? a. southern Asia c. eastern Africa b. Europe d. Indonesia 12. At which fossil site was the most recent specimen of Homo sapiens discovered? a. Diuktai Cave, Russia b. Mladec, Czech Republic c. Lake Mungo, Australia d. Tabon Cave, Philippines 13. What fossil site was situated closest to the Tropic of Cancer? a. Lake Mungo, Australia b. Diuktai Cave, Russia c. Malta, Russia d. Liujiang, China Homo erectus fossil site Homo sapiens fossil site Homo erectus migration route Homo sapiens migration route Extent of the last glacier, 18,000 B.C. Extent of land areas, 18,000 B.C. The Peopling of the World 13

7 Name Test Form B continued 14. About how far, in miles, did people migrate from Lake Turkana, Kenya, to Tighenif, Algeria? a. 2,000 b. 3,000 c. 4,000 d. 6, What does the map suggest about why the eastern route taken by Homo erectus took a southerly dip through Asia? a. to avoid a large desert plain b. to avoid mountains and glaciers c. to avoid crossing waterfalls d.touseriversasroutes Part 3: Interpreting Charts Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) Agricultural Revolution Average Global Temperature (in in Fahrenheit) 60º 58º 56º 54º 52º Beginnings of Agriculture Last Ice Age 50º Years Ago (in thousands) World Population (in millions) Post-Agricultural Revolution Agricultural Revolution Hunting-Gathering Stage Years Ago (in thousands) 16. What was the approximate population during the hunting-gathering stage? a. 2 3 million c million b million d million 17. By approximately how many millions did the world population grow during the agricultural revolution and post-agricultural revolution combined? a. 76 b. 87 c. 115 d By approximately how many millions did the world population grow during the agricultural revolution alone? a. 85 b. 100 c. 132 d How many degrees did the average global temperature rise from the beginning of the agricultural revolution to the present? a. 5 b. 7 c. 9 d What is the relationship between the two graphs? a. Slash-and-burn farming raises temperatures. b. Increased temperatures make animals more scarce so hunting is harder. c. Increased temperatures make the climate better for farming. d. With rising temperatures fewer people die of pneumonia. 14 UNIT 1, CHAPTER 1

8 Name Test Form B continued Part 4: Extended Response Answer the following questions on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet. (10 points each) 21. Forming and Supporting Opinions What do you think was more important to the progress of human development mastery of fire or the development of language? Defend your answer. Think about: gaining control over the environment safety and technology issues living and working together 22. Making Inferences How did the ability to create increasingly sophisticated tools and technology help early people to develop increasingly complex city life? Think about: hunting-gathering tools agricultural tools tools for specialized occupations The Peopling of the World 15

9 Name Date CHAPTER 1 Form C CHAPTER TEST The Peopling of the World Part 1: Main Ideas Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) 1. What time in the past does "prehistoric" refer to? a. before the invention of writing b. before the Neolithic Age c. before the establishment of civilizations d. before the appearance of Homo sapiens 2. What important characteristic did Lucy, the earliest hominid yet found have? a. well-developed muscles b. prehensile tail c. opposable thumbs d. very big brain 3. What did Mary Leakey s discovery of footprints indicate about hominids? a. They were a species of australopithecine. b. They supported themselves as hunter-gatherers. c. They walked upright earlier than had been believed. d. They lived in a place where they had not been thought to exist. 4. Which of the following was NOT in wide use during the Neolithic Age? a. domesticated animals c. irrigation b. bronze d. fire 5. Which of the following was NOT a result of the safer, more settled life of agricultural villages? a. cultural life c. specialization b. domestication d. nomadic lifestyle 6. What did the discoveries in the Shanidar cave reveal about the Neanderthals? a. They had developed tools. b. They had developed religious beliefs. c. They had developed agriculture. d. They had developed a written language. 7. In what well-defined social classes did the people of Ur live? a. wealthy merchants, priests, goatherds b. scribes, government officials, weavers c. rulers and priests, wealthy merchants, artisans d. priests, rulers, scribes, artists 8. Historical narratives and epic poetry were a further development of what major characteristic of civilization? a. record keeping c. complex institutions b. advanced technology d. advanced cities 16 UNIT 1, CHAPTER 1

10 Name Test Form C continued 9. Why was the development of government necessary in early cities such as Ur? a. performance of religious affairs and duties b. maintenance of order among soaring populations c. preservation of the caste system d. all of the above 10. Which of the following is NOT a function served by the ziggurat? a. storage for grains, woven fabrics, and gems b. conducting of religious rituals c. the location of the city s metalworks d. hub of the government and storage of records Part 2: Map Skills Constructed Response Using the map, answer the questions below. You do not need to write complete sentences. (4 points each) Early Human Migration, 1,600,000 B.C. 10,000 B.C. ARCTIC OCEAN N W E S 40 N 0 Arctic Circle Heidelberg, Germany Mladec, Czech Rep. 600,000 years ago 33,000 years ago EUROPE Tighenif, Algeria 700,00 years ago Tropic of Capricorn AFRICA Klasies River Mouth, South Africa 40 S 100,000 years ago 0 Area of Origins Human Qafzeh, Israel 92,000 years ago. Afar, Ethiopia 3.5 million years ago Lake Turkana, Kenya 1.6 million years ago 40 E Ubeidiya, Israel 1 million years ago. INDIAN OCEAN ASIA Malta, Russia 15,000 years ago Lantian, China 700,000 years ago Trinil, Indonesia 700,000 years ago Liujiang, China 67,000 years ago 0 1,500 3,000 miles AUSTRALIA 0 1,500 3,000 kilometers Miller Projection Lake Mungo, Australia 38,000 years ago 80 E 11. What do the fossil remains discovered in caves suggest? Diuktai Cave, Russia 14,000 years ago PACIFIC OCEAN Tropic of Cancer Tabon Cave, Philippines 30,000 years ago 160 E 160 W Homo erectus fossil site Homo sapiens fossil site Homo erectus migration route Homo sapiens migration route Extent of the last glacier, 18,000 B.C. Extent of land areas, 18,000 B.C. The Peopling of the World 17

11 Name Test Form C continued 12. Notice the areas where land existed in 18,000 B.C. What effects might the existence of more land by 18,000 B.C. have had on hominids? 13. Which fossil sites were most in danger of being damaged by glaciers? 14. How much time separates the oldest Homo sapiens fossil remains from the most recent Homo erectus remains? 15. What kinds of geographical obstacles would migrating humans encounter? Part 3: Interpreting Charts Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) Agricultural Revolution Average Global Temperature (in in Fahrenheit) 60º 58º 56º 54º Beginnings of Agriculture 52º Last Ice Age 50º Years Ago (in thousands) World Population (in millions) Post-Agricultural Revolution Agricultural Revolution Hunting-Gathering Stage Years Ago (in thousands) 16. By approximately how many degrees did the global temperature increase between theiceageandthebeginning of agriculture? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d How much longer did the hunting-gathering stage last than did the agricultural revolution? a. 5,000 c. 20,000 b. 10,000 d. 25, UNIT 1, CHAPTER 1

12 Name Test Form C continued 18. Why were people hunter gatherers during the Ice Age? a. It was too cold to farm. b. They had not developed agriculture yet. c. Some lands were covered by glaciers. d. All of the above are true. 19. How much did the population increase during the post-agricultural revolution? a. about 25 million b. about 45 million c. about 65 million d. about 85 million 20. What is the overall relationship among the three items in this chart? a. As population grew, agriculture developed and the temperature rose. b. As agriculture developed, temperature and population grew slowly. c. As temperatures rose, agriculture developed and population grew rapidly. d. All of the above are true. Part 4: Extended Response Answer the following questions on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet. (10 points each) 21. Comparing and Contrasting How did the development of agriculture change life for prehistoric peoples? Compare and contrast what life was like for the old Stone Age people and the new Stone Age people. 22. Drawing Conclusions It has often been said that the human being is a social animal. What evidence can you draw from this chapter to support such a statement? The Peopling of the World 19

Text 3: Discoveries in Africa and Beyond. Topic 1: The Origins of Civilization (Prehistory B.C.E) Lesson 1: Learning About Our Past

Text 3: Discoveries in Africa and Beyond Topic 1: The Origins of Civilization (Prehistory - 300 B.C.E) Lesson 1: Learning About Our Past Discoveries in Africa and Beyond Since the 1870s, scholars have