Out of Africa: The origin of Homo Sapiens (Us!)
|
|
- Ira Todd
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Out of Africa: The origin of Homo Sapiens (Us!) Our History from the DNA Record and other methods Robin Clegg
2 Genetics, DNA A Detective Story Involving. Fossils, skulls and skeletons - new extraction of DNA from them Earth s changing climate Ice Ages, resulting sea Levels» The scientific consensus is: all non-african modern humans came recently from Africa, with single genetic lineages identifiable from one maternal and one paternal line. But - new - some mixing of H.Sapiens with other hominids, e.g. Neanderthals and Denisovans.
3 Darwin was asked, which ape is your grandfather?
4 Wrong! Man not directly descended from modern apes, but both are from common ancestors, million years ago. Chimps are the closest to humans.
5 Major progress in the last 30 years Understanding of the genome Fast analysis of human and animal genomes and even Neanderthals Extraction of DNA from hominid remains, e.g. inside teeth, bones Put together knowledge of genetic timelines, fossils, plus information about climate and environment over the past million years to tell a story
6 Million years ago Event (13,700 Big Bang Universe expands) 4,500 The Earth forms First evidence of life 530 Fish develop 475 Life on land - plants 200 Mammals 3.0 Human-like apes ca 0.2 ca 0.06 Homo sapiens in Africa A group leave E.Africa -> non- African humans If Earth history were 24hrs, then life moves onto land at 21h 30, mammals appear at 23h 00, hominids at 58 secs before midnight, and homo sapiens in the last 4 seconds.
7
8 Some clarifications Hominids/hominins or humans the different humantype species. Includes homo neanderthal, homo erectus, etc Homo sapiens modern humans, the only hominid left now Example: Lucy skeleton, Ethiopia, 3.2 Million years old Oldest human Well, australopithicus* afarensis a human-like ape upright,bipedal * southern ape
9 More clarifications- Last common ancestor (LCA) a key concept:
10 Most recent Common Ancestor Maternal Eve and Paternal Adam ca 150,00 yrs ago
11
12 The DNA Molecule
13 Mammal Cell: 1,2-Nucleus 9-Mitochondria 14-Cell membrane
14 Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes- 22 plus XX (female) or XY (male)
15
16 Mitochondrial Eve Is the most recent common ancestor woman to whom all living non-african humans can trace their origins through maternal links Lived in Africa, ,000 yrs ago before the Sapiens exodus Y-Chromosome Adam The most recent common ancestor man to whom all living non-african humans can trace their origins through paternal links Lived in Africa, ,000 yrs ago. They don t need to have ever met!
17 The various hominids
18
19
20
21
22 CLIMATE: Middle Paleolithic sites ( kyrs ago) red dots. Some present deserts were fertile in that climate.
23 Evolution of Brain Sizes
24 Skulls of modern H.Sapiens (L) and Homo Neanderthal (R)
25 Important factors in homo development (not just brain size) Better use of stone tools Manipulation of fire Intake of energy*, especially protein Development of speech Communication and social awareness skills, co-operation * needed, as our brains are 2-3% of our weight but use 25% of energy needs even at rest
26
27
28 L3 These ALL come from L3
29
30 Two Major Models of Dispersal Out of Africa - Single main exodus of Sapiens from East Africa, around 60-80,000 yrs ago is the one that has begotten all non-africans - previous exodus, e.g. Sapiens fossils in Israel 120,000 yrs old etc died out - Explains Adam and Eve Multi-Regional Model - Several earlier waves of migration from Africa, ,000 yrs ago - Evolution and development in each region - Explains why fossils in China have face shapes like modern Chinese (this is controversial) Expert Chris Stringer supports Out of Africa but with some interbreeding between Sapiens and hominids already in their regions
31
32 Charts from Oppenheimer (2004)
33
34
35
36
37
38 Lake Toba, Sumatra from Space Volcano eruption 74,000 ago
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51 Genetic Groups from mt-dna Record L3 is the origin of non-african modern humans
52 Sapiens interbreeds with Neanderthals and Denisovans
53 Homo Sapiens and Britain Oldest human remains in UK ,000 yrs [H.Heidelberg] Britain populated intermittently since then [Ice] Oldest sapiens 30-40,000 yrs (Gower, Devon) Cro-Magnon is early sapiens, arrived in Europe at 40,000 yrs No human remains between 30,000 and 15,000 yrs [Ice] English Channel - separation from Europe, 8,000 yrs Appearance of farming 6,500 yrs [farming spread, not farmers] DNA continuous linkage with ancient Europeans; invading Angles, Saxons, Jutes, and Viking not a huge genetic influence?
54 Britain joined at various times to Europe- this example 50,000 years ago
55 What have we learned? Part 1 Sources- skulls, bones; DNA methodologies; tracking mitochondrial and Y- chromosome DNA mutations. Rough ideas of climate, sea-level. Majority view is that all non-african modern humans came from one genetic line that left East Africa around 60-80,000 years ago; arrived in Europe 40,000 yrs ago; all other hominids are extinct More genetic diversity in Africa than the entire rest of the planet! The exodus very recent compared with age of primates, life on Earth, etc Only a rough understanding of evolution primates -> hominids -> Sapiens Sapiens mixed with Neanderthals and Denisovans in certain regions Early hominids were in Britain 800,000 yrs ago; then intermittently
56 What have we learned? Part 2 What s Developing Improved techniques for using DNA from the other chromosomes in the cell nucleus ( nuclear or autosomal DNA) More remains get discovered with surprises Better linkage of climate/sea-level history with hominid history Still uncertain about the Exodus and the mixing/gene flow between different homind groups, ,000 yrs ago
57 Further Sources Print Stephen Oppenheimer, Out of Eden, 2004 concentrates on the mtdna and Y- DNA results. Chris Stringer Origin of Our Species 2011 and Homo Britannicus 2007 (plenty on fossils) Brian Sykes, Blood of the Isles, 2006 Robin McKie, Face of Britain 2006 New Scientist, magazines etc Websites Bradshaw Foundation Wikipedia - many entries, some point to recent review articles (eg by Stringer) ** Exhibition in London Natural History Museum New Exhibition, Human Evolution and Prof Chris Stringer homepage
Evolution Problem Drill 10: Human Evolution
Evolution Problem Drill 10: Human Evolution Question No. 1 of 10 Question 1. Which of the following statements is true regarding the human phylogenetic relationship with the African great apes? Question
More information31/10/2012. Human Evolution. Cytochrome c DNA tree
Human Evolution Cytochrome c DNA tree 1 Human Evolution! Primate phylogeny! Primates branched off other mammalian lineages ~65 mya (mya = million years ago) Two types of monkeys within lineage 1. New World
More informationHuman Evolution
http://www.pwasoh.com.co Human Evolution Cantius, ca 55 mya The continent-hopping habits of early primates have long puzzled scientists, and several scenarios have been proposed to explain how the first
More informationHuman Evolution. Darwinius masillae. Ida Primate fossil from. in Germany Ca.47 M years old. Cantius, ca 55 mya
http://www.pwasoh.com Human Evolution Cantius, ca 55 mya The continent-hopping habits of early primates have long puzzled scientists, and several scenarios have been proposed to explain how the first true
More informationCasey Leonard. Multiregional model vs. Out of Africa theory SLCC
Casey Leonard Multiregional model vs. Out of Africa theory SLCC 2 It is debated where humans came from and how they spread across the world. Since people don't all look the same, or are categorized into
More informationPrimate Diversity & Human Evolution (Outline)
Primate Diversity & Human Evolution (Outline) 1. Source of evidence for evolutionary relatedness of organisms 2. Primates features and function 3. Classification of primates and representative species
More informationYEAR 12 HUMAN BIOLOGY EVOLUTION / NATURAL SELECTION TEST TOTAL MARKS :
YEAR 12 HUMAN BIOLOGY EVOLUTION / NATURAL SELECTION TEST TOTAL MARKS : 1.Natural selection is occurring in a population. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? The population must be completely
More informationLecture 11 Friday, October 21, 2011
Lecture 11 Friday, October 21, 2011 Phylogenetic tree (phylogeny) Darwin and classification: In the Origin, Darwin said that descent from a common ancestral species could explain why the Linnaean system
More informationQuiz # How did the genus Homo differ from the earlier hominins? How did it s skull differ? How did its limb bones differ?
Physical Anthropology Dr. Leanna Wolfe Quiz #13 Chapter 9 The Rise of Modern Humans 1. How did the genus Homo differ from the earlier hominins? How did it s skull differ? How did its limb bones differ?
More informationText 3: Discoveries in Africa and Beyond. Topic 1: The Origins of Civilization (Prehistory B.C.E) Lesson 1: Learning About Our Past
Text 3: Discoveries in Africa and Beyond Topic 1: The Origins of Civilization (Prehistory - 300 B.C.E) Lesson 1: Learning About Our Past Discoveries in Africa and Beyond Since the 1870s, scholars have
More informationHomework. Guided Reading Recent Hominids (#22-31) Need ear buds/headphones for Monday!!
Homework Guided Reading Recent Hominids (#22-31) Need ear buds/headphones for Monday!! Learning Target I can explore various hominids from the skull lab and describe the evolution of hominids. What are
More informationUnit 4 Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16)
Ch. 16 - Evolution Unit 4 Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16) 1. Define Evolution 2. List the major events that led to Charles Darwin s development of his theory of Evolution by means of Natural Selection 3. Summarize
More informationEvolution of human diversity. The history of Homo sapiens
Evolution of human diversity The history of Homo sapiens!1 The primates Gibbon Orangutan Gorilla Bonobo Chimpanzee Human Human Chimpanzee Gorilla Orangutan Gibbon Macaque Millions years ago!2 Macaque Orangutan
More informationCh. 19 The Neogene World
Ch. 19 The Neogene World Neogene Period includes Miocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs Beginning of Holocene was approx. 12,000 years ago 12,000 years Cenozoic 1.8 5.3 Neogene 24 Paleogene 65 Holocene
More information6 HOW DID OUR ANCESTORS EVOLVE?
6 HOW DID OUR ANCESTORS EVOLVE? David Christian introduces the science of taxonomy and explains some of the important methods used to identify and classify different species and several key human ancestors.
More informationHUMAN EVOLUTION 17 APRIL 2013
HUMAN EVOLUTION 17 APRIL 2013 Lesson Description In this lesson, we: Consider the following aspects of Human Evolution: - Interpretation of a phylogenetic tree to show the place of the family Hominidae
More information1/24/2008. The Creation of Two Worlds. The Creation of Two Worlds. The Creation of Two Worlds. Topics of Discussion. I. The Earth Calendar
Topics of Discussion I. The Earth Calendar II. 225-200 MYA: Pangaea III. Centralization of Evolution IV. 200-180 MYA: Break-up of Pangaea V. Decentralization of Evolution VI. Hominids and Humans VII. Culture
More informationLecture 4 Chapters: Hominid Paleobiology (1h 30 )
BONES, STONES, AND GENES The Origin of Modern Humans HHMI 2011 Howard Hughes Medical Institute www.biointeractive.org REVIEW Click Here For PDF Version of This Review The two DVD discs in this package
More informationWho Were Neanderthals and Did They Interbreed with Modern Humans?
Anthropology 1020 Sharon Vidriales-Estrada Who Were Neanderthals and Did They Interbreed with Modern Humans? References 1. Wikipedia (Internet) www.wikipedia.org Neanderthals search 2. Scientific American
More informationLevel 3 Biology, 2014
91606 916060 3SUPERVISOR S Level 3 Biology, 2014 91606 Demonstrate understanding of trends in human evolution 9.30 am Thursday 13 November 2014 Credits: Four Achievement Achievement with Merit Achievement
More informationHUMAN EVOLUTION. Where did we come from?
HUMAN EVOLUTION Where did we come from? www.christs.cam.ac.uk/darwin200 Darwin & Human evolution Darwin was very aware of the implications his theory had for humans. He saw monkeys during the Beagle voyage
More informationThe Cell Theory, Evolution & Natural Selection. A Primer About How We Came To Be
The Cell Theory, Evolution & Natural Selection A Primer About How We Came To Be The Forces That Created Life Physics Chemistry - Time 13.8 billion years ago 4.5 billion years ago 3.5 billion years ago
More informationUNIT 4: EVOLUTION Chapter 12: The History of Life. I. The Fossil Record (12.1) A. Fossils can form in several ways
UNIT IV Chapter 12 The History Of Life UNIT 4: EVOLUTION Chapter 12: The History of Life I. The Fossil Record (12.1) A. Fossils can form in several ways 1. Permineralization- minerals carried by water
More informationEvolution and Our Heritage
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 22 Evolution and Our Heritage Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University
More informationName Class Date. 1. What group of mammals do apes, monkeys, lemurs, and humans belong to? a. primates b. cold-blooded c. hominid d.
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading B Section: Humans and Other Primates PRIMATES 1. What group of mammals do apes, monkeys, lemurs, and humans belong to? a. primates b. cold-blooded c. hominid d. primitive
More informationThe Human Animal. Molecular Evidence. H. Habilis Tools. Early Homo Evolution. Relationship with Large Cats. Homo ergaster and Homo erectus
The Human Animal Molecular Evidence Humans and Chimps/ Bonobos share 95% of our DNA in common The 5% is responsible for the important difference in body, brains and behaviours Gorilla Chimp. Bonobos Human
More informationCHAPTER 10. Premodern Humans
CHAPTER 10 Premodern Humans Chapter Outline * Premodern Humans of the Middle Pleistocene * Middle Pleistocene evolution and culture * Neandertals: Premodern Humans of the Late Pleistocene -Molecular Connections:
More informationHomo habilis males feeding in East Africa. Two robust australopithecines are approaching. ( Myr ago) The Homo radiation
The Homo radiation Homo habilis males feeding in East Africa. Two robust australopithecines are approaching. (1.5-2.0 Myr ago) Average 640cm 3 brain compared to 500cm 3 in the Australopithecines 1965-Louis
More informationThe Creation of Two Worlds
Topics of Discussion I. The Earth Calendar II. 225-200 MYA: Pangaea III. Centralization of Evolution IV. 200-180 MYA: Break-up of Pangaea V. Decentralization of Evolution VI. Hominids and Humans VII. Culture
More information7A Evidence of Evolution
7A Evidence of Evolution Fossil Evidence & Biogeography 7A analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil record, biogeography, and homologies, including anatomical,
More informationEvolutionary Evidence of Evolution
Evolutionary Evidence of Evolution Evolution - the process in which relative changes in the genetic makeup (characteristics) of a species occurs over time Sometimes changes in populations are environmental
More informationBackground Reading: The Earliest Humans
Background Reading: The Earliest Humans What type of information do you need to look for in the reading to learn about who discovered these early humans? List some ideas of what to look for here: 1. 2.
More informationAssessment Schedule 2016 Biology: Demonstrate understanding of trends in human evolution (91606)
NCEA Level 3 Biology (91606) 2016 page 1 of 6 Assessment Schedule 2016 Biology: Demonstrate understanding of trends in human evolution (91606) Evidence Statement Q Evidence Achievement Merit Excellence
More informationBio1B Evolution 12 Last lecture: Fossil record
Bio1B Evolution 12 Last lecture: Fossil record Fossil record - significance & interpretation Extinction - Background extinction rates and the big 5 mass extinction The K/T boundary - asteroid hypothesis;
More informationFirst human-like ancestor = 4Ma. Misconceptions:
Misconceptions: A Recipe for Disaster: Rise of the Hominids 1) Our ancestors were apes Contrary to popular belief, evolutionists do not claim we evolved directly from apes. More likely, we evolved from
More informationThe Evolution of Speech
The Evolution of Speech Q: How did speech arise in humans? A: We don t know. 1 How did speech arise in humans? scholars: interminable, acrimonious debates limited scientific data 1860: Paris Linguistic
More informationLesson Topic Learning Goals
Unit 2: Evolution Part B Lesson Topic Learning Goals 1 Lab Mechanisms of Evolution Cumulative Selection - Be able to describe evolutionary mechanisms such as genetic variations and key factors that lead
More informationHOMO SAPIENS EXHIBITION
HOMO SAPIENS EXHIBITION 1 HOMO SAPIENS The first exhibition in the world that tells the story of mankind through a large multidisciplinary fresco An international project involving over 14 countries 15
More informationThe Evolution of Life
APPENDIX 3 The Evolution of Life Life on Earth Air-breathing life cannot exist without oxygen, which was not part of earth s original atmosphere. However, life in the form of primeval bacteria and algae
More informationBio1B Evolution 12 Last lecture: Speciation: outcomes of secondary contact Fossil record - significance & interpretation (Ch 18)
Bio1B Evolution 12 Last lecture: Speciation: outcomes of secondary contact Fossil record - significance & interpretation (Ch 18) Today Extinction - Background extinction rates vs big 5 mass extinctions
More informationThe big 5 mass extinctions. The asteroid impact hypothesis - Luiz & Walter Alvarez, UC Berkeley (see Science, 5th March, p1214)
Bio1B Evolution 12 Last lecture: Speciation: outcomes of secondary contact Fossil record - significance & interpretation (Ch 18) Today Extinction - Background extinction rates vs big 5 mass extinctions
More informationThe History of Life on Earth
CHAPTER 9 VOCABULARY & NOTES WORKSHEET The History of Life on Earth By studying the Vocabulary and Notes listed for each section below, you can gain a better understanding of this chapter. SECTION 1 Vocabulary
More informationCharles Darwin ( ) Sailed around the world
Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Sailed around the world 1831-1836 2. What did Darwin s Travels reveal The diversity of living species was far greater than anyone had previously known!! These observations led
More information1 low Humans Evolved
1 low Humans Evolved Robert Howl IOIIIB Silk UNIVERS1. i 1 \..UK I..1 I \ Nv I Technische Unive-^itdt Darmstadt FACHDCRLICH 10 BIOLOGIE B i!. I i o t h p k -_ ScLninspilinstiafiG 10 D-6 4287 Darmstadt
More informationSeveral species of early hominids may be living at the same time. A parental species may continue to exist after a daughter species emerges.
Primates: Human Ancestors? Fossil Evidence Binocular eyesight: depth perception Hands that can grasp (nails not claws) Monkeys: (tails) Apes: no tails Hominids (bipedalism, slower, but able to use hands
More informationUNIT 4: EVOLUTION Chapter 12: The History of Life
CORNELL NOTES Directions: You must create a minimum of 5 questions in this column per page (average). Use these to study your notes and prepare for tests and quizzes. Notes will be stamped after each assigned
More information12.1 The Fossil Record. KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form.
KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form. Fossils can form in several ways. Premineralization occurs when minerals carried by water are deposited around
More informationLINEAGE ACTIVITIES Draft Descriptions December 10, Whale Evolution
LINEAGE ACTIVITIES Draft Descriptions December 10, 2018 Institutions participating in the Lineage program will receive three fossil-based activities. All participants will receive Whale Evolution, and
More informationHumanity on the Record
Humanity on the Record Humanity on the Record In the summer of 2012, paleontologists working on a fossil excavation in Kenya announced that the human race, as we know it, was never alone. Scientists unveiled
More informationDiversity and Human Evolution. Homo neanderthalensis. Homo neanderthalensis. Homo neanderthalensis. Homo neanderthalensis. Part II
Diversity and Human Evolution Part II Neanderthal 1 La Chapelle-aux-Saints Photograph byrheinisches LandesmuseumBonn Photographs by John Reader Mount Circeo Photograph by Ministry of Culture, Italy An
More informationOrigin of Man in Southeast Asia
Origin of Man in Southeast Asia Volume 1 Early Migration and Trade Routes Joachim Schliesinger Origin of Man in Southeast Asia Volume 1 Early Migration and Trade Routes Copyright 2015 Joachim Schliesinger.
More information(2) The drawings show stages in the evolution of the human skeleton.
GENETICS AND EVOLUTION. Thornton College NAME.. Q. Charles Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection. (a) What is meant by natural selection? (b) The drawings show stages in the evolution of the
More informationBiological Anthropology
Biological Anthropology Sample Exam 3 Fall 2017 This sample exam, which contains questions from exams given sometime in the past, will provide you with an idea of the types of questions you will face on
More informationBio1B Evolution 13 Last lecture:
Bio1B Evolution 13 Last lecture: Macro-evolution (cont.) Mass extinctions Species selection Transitional forms - tetrapods, birds: exaptation Today Human evolution Evolutionary origins of Homo sapiens:
More informationLake Missoula Creation Conference Coming to Missoula April 6-9, Why is a Creation Conference Important? Why does it Matter?
Lake Missoula Creation Conference Coming to Missoula April 6-9, 2017 Why is a Creation Conference Important? Why does it Matter? The debate is ongoing: did the world evolve or was it created? If it was
More informationEvolution & Natural Selection
Evolution & Natural Selection Human Origins & Adaptations Charles Darwin Darwin did not discover evolution Darwin explain how natural selection decided which genes would be selected and passed on to the
More informationClicker Questions, Test 4. April 8, 2015, Outline 19
Clicker Questions, Test 4 April 8, 2015, Outline 19 1. What is the name of the orogeny that formed the Rocky Mountains, including the Teton Mountains of Wyoming? A. Laramide B. Alpine C. Caledonian D.
More informationThe Origin of Intelligence
The Origin of Intelligence f i The Origin of Intelligence : Fraction of life-bearing planets where Intelligence develops What is intelligence? Propose: The ability to model the world, including the organism
More informationMajor Earth Events, Part Two Lesson by Lacey Moore
Major Earth Events, Part Two Lesson by Lacey Moore Related Video Titles: Cambrian Explosion Paleontology: Paleontologists Study Tracks and Traces Activity Subject: Cambrian Explosion and other major events
More informationThe Origin of Intelligence
The Origin of Intelligence f i The Origin of Intelligence : Fraction of life-bearing planets where Intelligence develops What is intelligence? Propose: The ability to model the world, including the organism
More informationName Class Date. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank.
Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. Precambrian time Paleozoic era Mesozoic era Cenozoic era 1. During,
More informationWhat happened Before. reflect
reflect Sea shells seem to be everywhere. Most of the time, you will find them on beaches. But every now and then, you might find them far from the sea. For example, you might find a shell stuck in a rock
More informationPhylogeny and Molecular Evolution. Introduction
Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution Introduction 1 2/62 3/62 Credit Serafim Batzoglou (UPGMA slides) http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs262/slides Notes by Nir Friedman, Dan Geiger, Shlomo Moran, Ron Shamir,
More informationCreation Answers. In this issue... Who does this newsletter? ! The Non-Evolution of Man, Part 2! Mitochondrial Eve - ICC Update! Expelled Movie DVD
Creation Answers Creation Education Materials, P.O. Box 153402, Irving, TX 75015-3402 Who does this newsletter? This newsletter is produced by Wayne Spencer on a Quarterly basis. Its purpose is to bring
More informationNJBibleScience.org. Early Man. Gerald Lenner, Ph.D. November 17, 2010
Early Man Gerald Lenner, Ph.D. November 17, 2010 Talk Outline Review The Short Story - A Tale of Two Buckets False Ancestors of Man Candidate Ancestors - Neanderthals - Australopithecines - Homo erectus
More informationThe Human Animal. BIO 1300: The Human Animal
The Human Animal 1 Molecular Evidence Humans and Chimps/ Bonobos share 95% of our DNA in common The 5% is responsible for the important difference in body, brains and behaviours Gorilla Chimp. Bonobos
More informationUnderstanding Natural Selection
Understanding Natural Selection Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Sailed around the world 1831-1836 What did Darwin s Travels reveal The diversity of living species was far greater than anyone had previously
More informationThe Human Animal. Molecular Evidence. Early Homo Evolution
The Human Animal 1 Molecular Evidence Humans and Chimps/ Bonobos share 95% of our DNA in common The 5% is responsible for the important difference in body, brains and behaviours Gorilla Chimp. Bonobos
More informationAmber is a solid, glass-like material. Amber is formed from a thick, sticky liquid which oozes out of pine trees.
Fossils give us information about organisms from a long time ago. (a) Amber is a solid, glass-like material. Amber is formed from a thick, sticky liquid which oozes out of pine trees. The image shows two
More informationNeanderthal vs Cro-Magnon 1of10 found at
We will watch the excellent documentary Clash of the Cavemen to learn about Neanderthals and the early humans who lived in Europe. Do a search of Clash of the Cavemen at www.youtube.com. (In 2012, when
More informationPhylogeny and Molecular Evolution. Introduction
Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution Introduction 1 Credit Serafim Batzoglou (UPGMA slides) http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs262/slides Notes by Nir Friedman, Dan Geiger, Shlomo Moran, Ron Shamir, Sagi Snir,
More informationHBio Evolution 2 Practice test
HBio Evolution 2 Practice test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The genes carried by all members of a particular population make up the
More informationEvidence of Evolution
Evidence of Evolution There is a gigantic body of evidence supporting evolution. Six major areas of study contribute to that body of evidence: 1. The Fossil Record 2. Comparative Anatomy 3. Comparative
More informationIn 1831 people thought:
In 1831 people thought: A) Earth and life were a few thousand years old B) The planet and species on it had not changed since the beginning of time C) Geologic features showed up due to catastrophic changes
More informationHow related are organisms?
The Evolution and Classification of Species Darwin argued for adaptive radiation in which demes spread out in a given environment and evolved How related are organisms? Taonomy the science of classifying
More informationORIGIN OF MODERN HUMANS
ORIGIN OF MODERN HUMANS Cut marks in bone 3.4 mya Stone tools 3.3 mya Harmand et al. Nature 521, 310-315 (2015) Oldowan tools 2.6-1.5 mya Figs. 17.13 & 17.14 Z&E 1 APPEARANCE OF THE GENUS HOMO Increasingly
More informationThe Origin of Intelligence!
The Origin of Intelligence The Origin of Intelligence f i : Fraction of life-bearing planets where Intelligence develops What is intelligence? Propose: The ability to model the world, including the organism
More informationSince Darwin s work, every scientific test has supported Darwin s basic ideas about evolution
Guided Reading Answers Since Darwin s work, every scientific test has supported Darwin s basic ideas about evolution Biogeography Biogeography is the study of where organisms live now, and where they and
More informationHuman Evolution Chris Stringer The Natural History Museum London. Are we nearly there yet?
Human Evolution Chris Stringer The Natural History Museum London Are we nearly there yet? Phases of human evolution Human phase 2 0 Ma: >>Global spread Human anatomy >>Encephalised >>Dietary range >>Behavioural
More informationChapter 1: Life on Earth R E V I E W Q U E S T I O N S
Chapter 1: Life on Earth R E V I E W Q U E S T I O N S Chapter 1: Review Name three characteristics that define something as Alive. Chapter 1: Review Name three characteristics that define something as
More informationEvolution 90 Minute Planetarium and Life Science Lesson Planetarium and Gallery Program Grades: Evolution. Description.
TEACHER GUIDE Evolution 90 Minute Planetarium and Life Science Lesson Planetarium and Gallery Program Grades: 8-12 Evolution Description Earth is an amazing planet. How the Earth became suitable for life
More informationThe Living Environment Unit 4 History of Biologic Diversity Unit 15 Evolution: (15.2) Evidence of Evolution-class key. Name: Class key.
Name: Class key Period: Topic 15.2 assignments Pages/Sections Date Assigned Date Due Topic: Evidence for Evolution Objective: What scientific evidence supports evolution theory? Evidence supporting evolution
More informationDetermining the age of fossils
Sea shells seem to be everywhere. Most of the time you will find them on beaches, but every now and then, you may find them far from the sea. For example, you may have found a shell stuck in a rock high
More informationWarm ups *Name and briefly describe one of Africa s geographic regions.
Warm ups 2.28.2017 *Name and briefly describe one of Africa s geographic regions. Lesson Objective: *describe general time periods that the study of African history can be divided into *describe methods
More informationStandards A complete list of the standards covered by this lesson is included in the Appendix at the end of the lesson.
Lesson 8: The History of Life on Earth Time: approximately 45-60 minutes, depending on length of discussion. Can be broken into 2 shorter lessons Materials: Double timeline (see below) Meter stick (to
More information3ALB 4 HUMAN EVOLUTION, OUR GLOBAL DIASPORA AND THE RISE OF CIVILIZATION.
3ALB 4 HUMAN EVOLUTION, OUR GLOBAL DIASPORA AND THE RISE OF CIVILIZATION. The record of biodiversity through the last 600 million years indicates a logarithmic increase in species through time. However,
More informationWarm-Up- Review Natural Selection and Reproduction for quiz today!!!! Notes on Evidence of Evolution Work on Vocabulary and Lab
Date: Agenda Warm-Up- Review Natural Selection and Reproduction for quiz today!!!! Notes on Evidence of Evolution Work on Vocabulary and Lab Ask questions based on 5.1 and 5.2 Quiz on 5.1 and 5.2 How
More informationChoose the strongest accurate answer
1. JD Fossil evidence indicates that hominin brains probably got larger, then smaller, then larger again. This provides evidence against : A. Inheritance of acquired characteristics B. Goal-directed evolution
More information4) Outline the major developments that allowed life to exist on Earth.
Objectives 4) Outline the major developments that allowed life to exist on Earth. 5) Describe the types of organisms that arose during the four major divisions of the geologic time scale. Each layer of
More informationVisualizing Earth Science. Chapter Overview. The Ever-Changing Earth. Early Life. Evolution and the Fossil Record. Life in the Phanerozoic Eon
Visualizing Earth Science By Z. Merali and B. F. Skinner Chapter 11 A Brief History of Life on Earth Chapter Overview The Ever-Changing Earth Early Life Evolution and the Fossil Record Life in the Phanerozoic
More informationREFERENCE: The Blue Planet An Introduction to Earth System Science. Brian J. Skinner and Barbara W. Murck (2011) Third Edition. John Wiley and Sons
REFERENCE: The Blue Planet An Introduction to Earth System Science. Brian J. Skinner and Barbara W. Murck (2011) Third Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc. Most life on Earth lives within a zone no wider
More informationThe Origin of Intelligence! The Origin of Intelligence! f i!: Fraction of life-bearing planets where! Intelligence develops!
The Origin of Intelligence! f i!: Fraction of life-bearing planets where! Intelligence develops! The Origin of Intelligence! What is intelligence?! Propose: The ability to model the world,! including the
More informationThe Theory of Evolution Chapter 6
The Theory of Evolution Chapter 6 Change over time. What is evolution? What Do You See? Two faces.. or one? A lady at her dressing table... or a skull? (try blinking.. or moving away from the screen) A
More informationName of Course. Course Level. Possible subject Areas. Identify quantitative concepts/skills that students will develop. Overview
HOW LONG AGO IS LONG AGO? THE EVOLUTIONARY TIMELINE By LaVonne Batalden Name of Course LaVonne Batalden BIO 212 Evolution and Diversity Module How Long Ago is Long Ago? The Evolutionary Timeline Course
More informationThe Evolution of Primates
The Evolution of Primates Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Order Primates of class Mammalia includes lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans. Non-human primates live primarily in the tropical or subtropical regions
More informationPatterns of inheritance
Patterns of inheritance Learning goals By the end of this material you would have learnt about: How traits and characteristics are passed on from one generation to another The different patterns of inheritance
More informationAssignment #3 Genetic Material LO: To develop a model and explain inheritance and skin color variation. EQ: Do your genes determine who you are?
Assignment #3 Genetic Material LO: To develop a model and explain inheritance and skin color variation. EQ: Do your genes determine who you are? AGENDA 10/20-10/21 1. Variation Model 2. Notes HOMEWORK
More informationOrigin of an idea about origins
Origin of an idea about origins Biological evolution is the process of change during the course of time because of the alteration of the genotype and the transfer of these altered genes to the next generation.
More informationBiological Evolution. Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection
Biological Evolution Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection 1. Linnaean Classification Major Concepts 2. Fossils 3. Radioactive Dating 4. Fossil Record and Genetic Analysis 5. Theory of Evolution Random,
More informationGrade 12 Term Use the following diagram and list the characteristics we share with other African apes. 12 and 13 (13)
Grade 1 Term 3 Total: 100 Time: hours Assignment: Hominid evolution Objectives To list the characteristics that humans and African apes share To compare the skulls of human ancestors, cousins and other
More information