Supplementary material. Pablo Pita A,D, Diana Fernández-Márquez B and Juan Freire C

Transcription

1 Marine and Freshwater Research, 2018, 69, CSIRO 2018 Supplementary material Spatiotemporal variation in the structure of reef fish and macroalgal assemblages in a north-east Atlantic kelp forest ecosystem: implications for the management of temperate rocky reefs Pablo Pita A,D, Diana Fernández-Márquez B and Juan Freire C A Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Burgo das Nacións s/n, E Santiago de Compostela, Spain. B Servizo de Competitividade e Innovación Tecnolóxica, Dirección Xeral de Desenvolvemento Pesqueiro, Xefatura Territorial da Coruña, Consellería do Mar, Rúa Juan Canalejo, 2, E A Coruña, Spain. C Teamlabs, Duque de Alba 15, E Madrid, Spain. D Corresponding author. pablo.pita@usc.es Page 1 of 13

2 Table S1. Pearson s correlation coefficients of the variables studied in the 146 fish-uvc (Fish) and in the 1200 frames of 24 macroalgae-uvc (Macr.) Variable Zone Exposure Depth Slope Large rocks Medium rocks Low rocks Boulders Gravel Coarse sand Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Fish Macr. Exposure Depth Slope Large rocks Medium rocks Low rocks Boulders Gravel Coarse sand Fine sand Page 2 of 13

3 Table S2. Response and significant explanatory variables, error and link structure, explained deviance and degrees of freedom (d.f.) of the GAM fitted on the fish abundances and on the relative abundances of the functional groups of macroalgae Response variables that were not transformed by the square root are shown with an asterisk Species Covariates Error Link Deviance (%) df Boops boops Zone + Season + Large rocks + Low rocks Gaussian Identity Dicentrarchus labrax Depth + Boulders + Coarse sand Gaussian Identity Diplodus sargus Year + Season + Depth + Large rocks + Medium rocks Gaussian Identity Diplodus vulgaris Year + Zone + Season + Large rocks + Medium rocks + Boulders Gaussian Identity Labrus bergylta Year + Zone + Season + Depth + Large rocks + Medium rocks + Low rocks + Boulders Gaussian Identity Labrus mixtus Season + Depth Gaussian Identity Mugilidae spp. Year + Zone + Gravel Gaussian Identity Mullus surmuletus Year + Season + Fine sand Gaussian Identity Pollachius pollachius Year + Depth + Low rock + Coarse sand Gaussian Identity Serranus cabrilla Year + Zone + Season + Depth Gaussian Identity Spondyliosoma cantharus Zone + Season + Exposure + Large rocks + Medium rocks + Boulders + Coarse sand Gaussian Identity Trisopterus luscus Zone + Depth + Boulders Gaussian Identity Tree-like* Zone + Exposure + Depth + Slope + Low rocks + Boulders + Gravel + Coarse sand Gaussian Identity Bush-like* Zone + Exposure + Season + Depth + Slope + Low rocks + Boulders + Gravel + Coarse sand + Fine sand Gaussian Identity Grass-like* Zone + Exposure + Season + Depth + Slope + Low rocks + Boulders + Gravel + Coarse sand + Fine sand Gaussian Identity Page 3 of 13

4 Table S3. Output of the GAM fitted on the fish abundances The estimated parametric coefficients, their standard error and the P-value are shown. The degrees of freedom (d.f.) and the P-value of the smooth terms are also indicated Model Parametric coefficients Smooth terms Estimate P d.f. Boops boops Zone: Mera Portiño ± < Season: Autumn Spring ± Season: Spring Summer ± Season: Spring Winter ± Large rocks Low rocks Dicentrarchus labrax Depth Boulders Coarse sand Diplodus sargus Year Season: Autumn Spring ± Season: Autumn Summer ± Season: Autumn Winter ± Depth Large rocks Medium rocks Diplodus vulgaris Year Zone: Mera Portiño ± < Season: Autumn Spring ± Large rocks Medium rocks < Boulders < Labrus bergylta Year Zone: Mera Portiño ± Season: Autumn Summer ± Season: Spring Summer ± Season: Spring Winter ± Season: Summer Winter ± < Depth Large rocks Medium rocks Low rocks Boulders < Labrus mixtus Season: Autumn Summer ± Season: Spring Summer ± Season: Summer Winter ± Depth Mugilidae spp. Year Zone: Mera Portiño ± Gravel Page 4 of 13

5 Model Parametric coefficients Smooth terms Estimate P d.f. Mullus surmuletus Year Season: Autumn Spring ± Fine sand Pollachius pollachius Year < Depth Low rocks < Coarse sand < Serranus cabrilla Year Zone: Mera Portiño ± Season: Autumn Spring ± Depth < Spondyliosoma cantharus Zone: Mera Portiño ± Season: Autumn Summer ± Season: Spring Summer ± Season: Summer Winter ± Exposure: Exposed Protected Large rocks < Medium rocks < Boulders Coarse sand < Trisopterus luscus Zone: Mera Portiño ± Depth Boulders Page 5 of 13

6 Table S4. Output of the GAM fitted on the macroalgae abundances The estimated parametric coefficients, their standard error and the P-value are shown. The degrees of freedom (d.f.) and the P-value of the smooth terms are also indicated Model Parametric coefficients Smooth terms Estimate P d.f. Tree-like Zone: Mera Portiño ± < Exposure: Exposed Protected ± < Depth < Slope < Low rocks < Boulders < Gravel < Coarse sand < Bush-like Zone: Mera Portiño ± < Exposure: Exposed Protected ± Season: Summer Winter ± < Depth < Slope < Low rocks < Boulders < Gravel < Coarse sand < Fine sand < Grass-like Zone: Mera Portiño ± Exposure: Exposed Protected ± < Season: Summer Winter ± < Depth < Slope < Low rocks < Boulders < Gravel < Coarse sand < Fine sand < Page 6 of 13

7 Fig. S1. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Boops boops showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-error-confidence Fig. S2. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Diplodus sargus showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-errorconfidence Page 7 of 13

8 Fig. S3. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Labrus bergylta showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-errorconfidence Fig. S4. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Spondyliosoma cantharus showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standarderror-confidence Page 8 of 13

9 Fig. S5. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Pollachius pollachius showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-errorconfidence Fig. S6. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Dicentrarchus labrax showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-errorconfidence Page 9 of 13

10 Fig. S7. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Diplodus vulgaris showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-errorconfidence Fig. S8. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of Mugilidae spp., Mullus surmuletus and Trisopterus luscus showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-error-confidence Page 10 of 13

11 Fig. S9. Partial effects of the season as obtained by the GAM fitted on the relative abundances of the functional groups of macroalgae. They are shown the predictions (solid lines) and s.d. (broken lines) obtained by using the modal value of the quantitative variables and the most frequent levels of the qualitative variables. Models with non-significant effects were not represented. Fig. S10. Partial effects of the depth, the slope and the relative abundance of low rocks as obtained by the GAM fitted on the relative abundances of the functional groups of macroalgae. They are shown the predictions (solid lines) and s.d. (broken lines) obtained by using the modal value of the quantitative variables and the most frequent levels of the qualitative variables. Tree-like macroalgae are drawn in black, bush-like in dark grey and grass-like in light grey. Page 11 of 13

12 Fig. S11. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of tree-like macroalgae (see text for details) showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-error-confidence Fig. S12. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of bush-like macroalgae (see text for details) showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-error-confidence Page 12 of 13

13 Fig. S13. Output of the GAM fitted on the abundances of grass-like macroalgae (see text for details) showing the partial effects of the coverage of the substrates related to the habitat structure. The predictions (solid lines) and ±1 standard-error-confidence Page 13 of 13