MACHINE LEARNING FOR MOBILITY STUDIES IN URBAN AND NATURAL AREAS TUULI TOIVONEN / DIGITAL GEOGRAPHY LAB

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1 MACHINE LEARNING FOR MOBILITY STUDIES IN URBAN AND NATURAL AREAS TUULI TOIVONEN / DIGITAL GEOGRAPHY LAB

2 MACHINE LEARNING FOR MOBILITY STUDIES IN URBAN AND NATURAL AREAS TUULI TOIVONEN / DIGITAL GEOGRAPHY LAB

3 DIGITAL GEOGRAPHY LAB Tuuli Toivonen Tuomo Hiippala Enrico Di Minin Olle Järv Maria Salonen Anna Hausmann Henrikki Tenkanen Johanna Eklund Vuokko Heikinheimo Gonzalo Cortés Capano Joel Jalkanen Christoph Fink Elias Willberg Supporting sustainable spatial planning using digital data and novel methods

4 Digital Geography Lab Human mobility and accessibility

5 Digital Geography Lab Human mobility and accessibility

6 Digital Geography Lab Biodiversity conservation

7 Digital Geography Lab Social media data Transport system data Surveys & local knowledge Global databases Mobile phone data

8 DIGITAL GEOGRAPHY LAB Supporting sustainable spatial planning using digital data and novel methods

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11 ELEMENTS OF A SOCIAL MEDIA POST GEOTAG IMAGE CONTENTS USER INFO TEXT CONTENT LIKES AND COMMENTS TIMESTAMP Photo: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta

12 PALLAS-YLLÄS NATIONAL PARK

13 PALLAS-YLLÄS NATIONAL PARK Posts from a Finnish Instagram-user. 107 posts in total.

14 PALLAS-YLLÄS NATIONAL PARK Rogers Pass Summit, Canada Schladming-Dachstein, Austria Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park, Finland Posts from a Finnish Instagram-user. 107 posts in total.

15 WHAT? WHO? USER PROFILES CONTENTS PEOPLE IN URBAN AND NATURAL AREAS WHY? GEOTAGS TIMESTAMPS WHERE? Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta WHEN? Di Minin, Tenkanen & Toivonen (2015) Frontiers in Environmental Science

16 ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS USING SOCIAL MEDIA DATA Social media for conservation science ( ) Investigating illegal wildlife trade ( ) Using computer vision for multimodal analysis (2017) Biking as part of sustainable urban mobility ( ) Science workshops on novel and open data sources and approaches to study urban accessibility and mobility ( ) Digital Geography Lab

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18 FROM CONSERVATION PERSPECTIVE, UNDERSTANDING HUMANS IS IMPORTANT 1. THREATS 2. OPPORTUNITIES

19 API Query (location / keyword) Database Pre-processing / quality assesmnt Analysis Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta

20 WHERE? Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta

21 FINNISH NATIONAL PARK VISITS VS. SOCIAL MEDIA USERS Tenkanen et al. (2017) Scientific reports

22 FINNISH NATIONAL PARK VISITS VS. SOCIAL MEDIA USERS R: 0.94 Tenkanen et al. (2017) Scientific reports

23 ORIGIN OF VISITORS? - BASED ON LOCATIONS Detected home country of visitors to Kruger National Park, South Africa (Tenkanen, ongoing work). Digital Geography Lab

24 ACTIVITIES (PALLAS-YLLÄS) (Heikinheimo et al. 2017, ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information) Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Digital Geography Lab

25 Proportion of tourists/ users PREFERENCES (KRUGER) Hausmann et al. 2017, Conservation Letters Digital Geography Lab

26 WHAT? WHO? USER PROFILES CONTENTS GREEN AREA VISITORS WHY? GEOTAGS TIMESTAMPS WHERE? WHEN? Di Minin, Tenkanen & Toivonen (2015) Frontiers in Environmental Science

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28 MAPPING ACTIVITIES? Using TensorFlow

29 ORIGIN OF VISITORS? BASED ON LANGUAGE 1st 2nd 3rd 1st, 2nd, and 3rd most popular languages in IUCN category II protected areas. Based on Instagram data from Language detection using fasttext Digital Geography Lab

30 CHARACTERISTICS OF VISITORS? BASED ON PROFILE INFORMATION & SELFIES Digital Geography Lab

31 Ages +/- 10 years correct in all cases Using How-old.net Digital Geography Lab

32 PREFERENCES / SENTIMENTS? Positive? Negative? 32

33 MACHINE LEARNING/ AI APPROACHES WHAT? LANGUAGE DETECTION IMAGE CLASSIFICATION TEXT ANALYSIS WHO? USER PROFILES CONTENTS PEOPLE IN URBAN AND NATURAL AREAS WHY? GEOTAGS TIMESTAMPS WHERE? WHEN? Di Minin, Tenkanen & Toivonen (2015) Frontiers in Environmental Science

34 OUR WORK WITH SOCIAL MEDIA DATA pipelines existing tools to study spatial questions of mobility of people, and their motivations. is continuously developing. All ideas on how to do things better, or in collaboration, are welcome. has produced vast quantities of social media data on Twitter, Instagram and Flickr (since 2014) and manual classifications of the content. is only one part of our Lab s work. We are also using other data sources to study accessibility and mobility, and to support land use planning. Digital Geography Lab

35 THANK YOU! - SOCIAL MEDIA DATA FOR CONSERVATION SCIENCE INVESTIGATING ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE tuuli.toivonen@helsinki.fi www: TUULI TOIVONEN / DIGITAL GEOGRAPHY LAB

36 SOME REFERENCES Di Minin, E., Fink, C., Tenkanen, H., Hiippala, T Machine learning for tracking illegal wildlife trade on social media. Nature ecol. & evolution 2, doi: /s x Hausmann, A., Toivonen, T., Slotow, R., Tenkanen, H., Moilanen, A., Heikinheimo, V., Di Minin, E., Social Media Data Can Be Used to Understand Tourists Preferences for Nature-Based Experiences in Protected Areas. Conserv. Lett. doi: /conl Hausmann, A., Toivonen, T., Slotow, R., Tenkanen, H., Moilanen, A., Heikinheimo, V., Di Minin, E., Social Media Data can be used to Understand Tourists Preferences for Nature-based Experiences in Protected Areas. Conserv. Lett. doi: /conl Heikinheimo, V., Minin, E. Di, Tenkanen, H., Hausmann, A., Erkkonen, J., Toivonen, T., User- Generated Geographic Information for Visitor Monitoring in a National Park: A Comparison of Social Media Data and Visitor Survey. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Information 6, 85. doi: /ijgi Tenkanen, H., Di Minin, E., Heikinheimo, V., Hausmann, A., Herbst, M., Kajala, L., Toivonen, T., Instagram, Flickr, or Twitter: Assessing the usability of social media data for visitor monitoring in protected areas. Sci. Rep. 7, doi: /s Di Minin, E., Tenkanen, H., Toivonen, T., Prospects and challenges for social media data in conservation science. Front. Environ. Sci. 3. doi: /fenvs Digital Geography Lab