Why care about metropolitan and regional perspectives?

Transcription

1 Metropolitan challenges and solutions Why care about metropolitan and regional perspectives? Irma Karjalainen, Director, Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority HSY, LUMAT Conference, 25 September 2018, Ljubjana

2 Agenda What Helsinki region and governance Why Environmental and planning challenges How Coordinated regional planning of housing, land use and transport system Monitoring Conclusions Irma Karjalainen

3 Governance and mix of voluntary cooperation networks FINLAND 5,5 mill Helsinki Region voluntary cooperation - 14 municipalities (1,5 mill) FUA 1) Helsinki Uusimaa County Council 26 municipalities 1,6 mill inh. Helsinki 2) HRT - Helsinki Region Transport Authority 3) HSY - Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority Population Metro Area 1,2 mill. Helsinki

4 Why? - care about regional perspective? - why is cooperation in planning important?

5 Challenges - in regional and spatial planning Urban sprawl - need for sustainable planning and monitoring the development Weakening public finances Demographic changes ageing, immigration, segragation Sustainable accessibility local accessibility of services and jobs by sustainable modes of transportation Climate change mitigation, adaptation Affordable housing Globalization Digitalization Need for participation Energy revolution Urbanization and metropolization - strong growth or recession of different areas

6 Densification is good for the climate and for the economy 66 % Of workplaces are located near railway stations Businesses and people optimise their geographic locations Half of the people live near stations 5 % Doubling density increases productivity by an average of 2-4 % Lähde HSY Irma Karjalainen Loikkanen,Laakso 2016, Florida R.2012

7 How? Governance and cooperation

8 Land use planning system in Finland S T A T U T O R Y National land use guidelines Council of state ratifies REGIONAL LAND USE PLAN LOCAL MASTER PLANS Drafted and approved by Regional Council Drafted and approved by municipalities VOLUNTARY CO-OPERATION: Land use, housing and transport MAL- agreement between the state and municipalities LOCAL DETAILED PLANS + Municipal building code IK, Modified from a structure of Helsinki Uusimaa regional council

9 Regional land use planning in Uusimaa County Strategic planning of land use in the area of 26 municipalities - Main principles > 2050 A long-term plan of urban and green structures and transportation network on general level A guide to municipal planning and Defines international, national and regional interests. Where are the urban areas that will the most important in the future?

10 The 3 structural models of the region 2050: Model 1: Centralized growth Model 2: Polycentric growth Model 3: Scattered growth Population and green structure Jobs and transport investments

11 Integrated planning process of land use, housing strategy and transport system plan. MAL agreement MAL: A regional land use, housing and transport plan with concrete actions agreed by the Helsinki region s 14 municipalities and the state. HSL Valkonen 2015

12 Defining clear and shared goals at the regional level Sustainable management of growth supporting public transport and services Reducing carbon emissions Location of new housing next to existing centers and connections Location of new housing next to the stations Sustainable competitiveness Welfare of humans and nature Improving the accessibility of the region Concentration and centralization Accessibility of services and jobs Protecting biodiversity Improving the service level of sustainable modes of transport Location of malls into the centers

13 Transport system accessibility and regional solutions LAND USE PLANNING Land use and building act TRANSPORT State s transport policy guidelines, financing, taxes Regional Land use Plan MORE Rkennus-järjestysa Opportunities to create Municipal rapid and reliable Masterplan public transport Regional transport system Transport planning planning municipal Local detailed plans LESS Local street planning SUSTAINABLE HOUSING Paris agreement and UN s Sustainable Development Goals Irma Karjalainen

14 Commitment - Engagement 1. Creating a shared vision and goals: a study trip and workshops 2. Learning, seminars, discussions > sensemaking together a draft 3. Creating commitment conferences, regular meetings with stakeholders

15 A Letter of Intent and the Contracting Parties Goverment: Ministry of Transport and Communications Ministry of the Environment Finnish Transport Agency Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment for Uusimaa The Housing Finance and Development Centre of Finland (ARA) Helsinki region s 14 municipalities Helsinki Regional Transport Authority

16 Results

17 Housing production in the Helsinki Region Estimate for the year Completed homes years average, Metropolitan area In new housing units Equals 99 % of the Agreement s objective MA-aiesopimus MAL-aiesopimus MAL-sopimus Pääkaupunkiseutu 20 vuoden keskiarvo Tavoite KUUMA-kunnat Agreements: 2008, 2011, 2015 And the next plan is in process to be signed by 2019 In new housing units = 99 % of goal 17

18 Monitoring - 14 municipalities housing projects > almost new homes Completed homes % of the new homes were built on the targetted areasle 14 Municipalities Helsinki Vantaa Espoo Järvenpää Nurmijärvi Kerava Hyvinkää Kirkkonummi Tuusula Sipoo Vihti Mäntsälä Kauniainen Pornainen Number of completed homes

19 Monitoring- the location of 14 municipalities housing projects Spatial data is the key Half of the new housing is located in walking distance from railway stations The location of state-subsidized housing production was also monitored

20 Helsinki harbours become houses and services Brownfield development in Arabian ranta, Jätkäsaari, Kalasatama Kalasatama, Smart City district Kalasatama Jätkäsaari

21 Main road and track investments in the Helsinki Region

22 Investments in transport infrastructure Cost of investments is shared between the state and municipalities 53 % municipalities, 47 % state Investment projects Ring Rail Line West Metro linking Helsinki to southern Espoo 2017 Ring road 2 and 3 investments

23 What have we learned?

24 Conclusions The shared goals should be based on the future scenarios >impact of climate change Participation is essential Engagement Build social capacity Experts should be used - both internal and external - better quality LEADERSHIP! The responsible political leadership based on facts and knowledge - is the key to success. Regional scale to understand impact of local decisions on the functional urban area FUA. Impact assessment must be integrated The goals should be monitored and reported frequently

25 Thank you! More information: irma HSY Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority Helsinki Uusimaa Regional Council www. uudenmaanliitto.fi/en HSL Helsinki Region Transport