Name: Date: Period: Which physical property did Matthew most likely use to sort the cubes into two groups?

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Period: Properties of Matter Quiz (Advanced) 1. A timeline of some models of atoms throughout history is shown below. These models have contributed to the formation of the atomic theory. Which statement best summarizes the development of the atomic theory over time? A. The discovery of new evidence resulted in changes to the atomic theory. B. Advancements in atomic models proved the atomic theory was accurate. C. The atomic theory was modified with the discovery of every new element. D. Changes in atomic models showed that the atomic theory was based on opinion. 2. Matthew has six cubes of different materials. Each cube has a mass of 10 grams (g). Matthew sorts the cubes into two groups using one physical property. Which physical property did Matthew most likely use to sort the cubes into two groups? A. density B. magnetism C. melting point D. electrical conductivity 3. When a candle is lit, the wick burns, the wax melts, the candle changes shape, and the air around the candle heats up. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? A. the wick burning B. the wax melting C. the candle changing shape D. the air around the candle heating up

2 4. Ethan is observing chemical and physical properties of a substance. He heats a substance and observes that the substance turns from a brown solid to a black powder. He refers to several chemistry journals that claim this represents a chemical reaction. From his observation and research, he concludes that the substance goes through a chemical change when heated. How can Ethan best defend his conclusion? A. By demonstrating that the substance will eventually melt if the temperature continues to increase. B. By verifying that the substance is now made up of different molecules than before it was heated. C. By verifying that the substance is made up of only one type of element. D. By demonstrating that the substance is less dense after it is heated. 5. The graph below compares the density, in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm 3 ), of four different substances. Based on information from the graph, which of the following best compares the physical properties of two of the substances? A. Substance X has less mass than substance Y has. B. Substance W has less volume than substance X has. C. Substance Y would have less mass than substance Z would have if they had the same volume. D. Substance Z would have less mass than substance W would have if they had the same volume. 6. Which stays the same when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas? A. Density B. Mass C. Forces between particles D. Distance between particles 7. Which property of an object depends on its location? A. Density B. Mass C. Volume D. Weight Extra Credit You make lemonade by mixing lemon juice, sugar, and water. Is this a physical change or a chemical change? Explain your answer on a separate sheet of paper using scientific terminology.

3 Name: Date: Period: Properties of Matter Quiz (Advanced) Answers & Explanations 3. A timeline of some models of atoms throughout history is shown below. These models have contributed to the formation of the atomic theory. Which statement best summarizes the development of the atomic theory over time? A. The discovery of new evidence resulted in changes to the atomic theory. B. Advancements in atomic models proved the atomic theory was accurate. C. The atomic theory was modified with the discovery of every new element. D. Changes in atomic models showed that the atomic theory was based on opinion. A. New evidence will alter theories, rather than changing them completely. B. Theories are never proved as accurate, but they are supported by a significant amount of evidence. C. The discovery of new elements did not provide the type of evidence that would alter the theory. D. The atomic model could only be changed with the introduction of new evidence, not opinions. 4. Matthew has six cubes of different materials. Each cube has a mass of 10 grams (g). Matthew sorts the cubes into two groups using one physical property. Which physical property did Matthew most likely use to sort the cubes into two groups? A. density B. magnetism C. melting point D. electrical conductivity

4 A. Even knowing the mass of the materials, without knowing the volume of each substance, there is not enough information to know if the materials were sorted by density (density = mass/volume). B. Steel is magnetic, but copper and aluminum are not. C. Wood doesn t melt, so it wouldn t have a melting point. D. The Group 1 Cubes are metals, so they exhibit varying levels of electrical conductivity, and the Group 2 Cubes do not. 3. When a candle is lit, the wick burns, the wax melts, the candle changes shape, and the air around the candle heats up. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? A. the wick burning B. the wax melting C. the candle changing shape D. the air around the candle heating up A. Burning a substance creates a new substance, which indicates a chemical reaction. B. The wax melting changes the shape of the wax, but it s still wax, which is a physical change. C. A candle changing shape does not change the molecular makeup of the wax, so it s a physical change. D. Change in temperature is a physical change. 8. Ethan is observing chemical and physical properties of a substance. He heats a substance and observes that the substance turns from a brown solid to a black powder. He refers to several chemistry journals that claim this represents a chemical reaction. From his observation and research, he concludes that the substance goes through a chemical change when heated. How can Ethan best defend his conclusion? A. By demonstrating that the substance will eventually melt if the temperature continues to increase. B. By verifying that the substance is now made up of different molecules than before it was heated. C. By verifying that the substance is made up of only one type of element. D. By demonstrating that the substance is less dense after it is heated. A. Melting changes the shape of a substance, which is a physical change. B. If the substance is made up of different molecules after the change, it s a new substance, which makes it a chemical change. C. A chemical change doesn t necessarily have to result in one type of element as long as they molecules are different after the change. D. Change in density could possibly be evidence of a physical change, not necessarily a chemical one. 9. The graph below compares the density, in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm 3 ), of four different substances.

5 Based on information from the graph, which of the following best compares the physical properties of two of the substances? A. Substance X has less mass than substance Y has. B. Substance W has less volume than substance X has. C. Substance Y would have less mass than substance Z would have if they had the same volume. D. Substance Z would have less mass than substance W would have if they had the same volume. A. Density takes into account both mass and volume, so it s impossible to know which substance has less mass without being able to compare the volume of each. B. Density takes into account both mass and volume, so it s impossible to know which substance has less volume without being able to compare the masses of each. C. Because substance Y is less dense than substance Z, if both substance take up the same amount of space, substance Y would be less heavy (less mass) than substance Z. D. If substance Z and substance W had the same volume, substance Z would be denser, and therefore heavier (more mass) than substance W. 10. Which stays the same when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas? E. Density F. Mass G. Forces between particles H. Distance between particles A. When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, the particles spread out and take up more space (higher volume), so the density (mass/volume) will change B. The Law of Conservation of Mass states that the mass of a substance before a physical change stays the same after the physical change C. When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, the forces between the molecules loosen D. When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, the molecules spread out 11. Which property of an object depends on its location? E. Density F. Mass G. Volume H. Weight A. The density of an object is constant. It doesn t change unless the object does.

6 B. Mass depends on the size and/or density of an object, not its location. C. Volume also depends on the size and/or density of an object, not its location. D. Weight is the effect of gravity on an object s mass, so weight will change elsewhere in the universe with different gravitational forces. Extra Credit You make lemonade by mixing lemon juice, sugar, and water. Is this a physical change or a chemical change? Explain your answer on a separate sheet of paper using scientific terminology. The sugar dissolves (which is a physical change) into the water and lemon juice solution. The molecules are the same (lemon juice molecules + sugar molecules + water molecules), but they re just mixed in together. They could potentially be separated out (although it would be very hard to do) and still be the same original substances.