We are looking forward to a great year in Pre-AP Chemistry!

Transcription

1 Pre-AP Chemistry Contact Info: Dayna Fogle and Rodgerick Wells, room F239 & F139 **Google Classroom: zgb5sr (you MUST join the class for this course, please join prior to summer starting like right now! ) dayna.fogle@nisd.net and rodgerick.wells@nisd.net **Please only FOGLE in the summer hours** Remind 101 app code (you can text us through this): text: OR join via app with OR type in the following: remind.com/join/ramchemsum Dear Pre-AP Chemistry Student: Welcome to the exciting and challenging world of Pre-AP Chemistry! The objective of this assignment is to allow you to review 6 th grade concepts (believe it or not you learned this stuff already!!) Use this to prepare for and strengthen your skills for the upcoming school year. The information presented here represents a starting point for Pre-AP Chemistry students. Once again, it is based off of what was taught to you in middle school. Pre-AP Chemistry is designed to prepare students for not only AP Chemistry but any AP course. It expands to topics beyond the scope of general high school chemistry and is taught at a quicker and more rigorous pace. Please know that we make ourselves available for tutoring before and after school, as well as will be providing an ample amount of help videos and notes on our Google Classroom page we have shared above. We can get you where you need to be, but you need to be willing to put in the effort. You must be fully committed to the course. You will need to invest time outside of class working on chemistry. Many students taking Pre-AP Chemistry, accustomed to earning A s without too much work, find they are challenged just to earn a B. Pre-AP Chemistry is a rewarding course, and will prepare you well for future AP classes. Our Textbook this year will be Chemistry, Matter & Change. Columbus: McGraw-Hill Education, Your teacher will have a class set available to you. You will also be performing various labs including inquiry labs where you will be in charge of the design. It will be new and uncomfortable but very exciting! You are expected to complete this assignment and memorize the 20 Elements listed and their symbols. Please bring your completed assignment, a three-ring binder, and a quad-ruled composition book (or spiral journal) on the first day of class. We are looking forward to a great year in Pre-AP Chemistry! ***IF YOU WILL NOT/DO NOT HAVE ACCESS TO A COMPUTER OR THE INTERNET OVER THE SUMMER- PLEASE STOP BY MS. FOGLE S ROOM F239 TO PICK UP A PACKET OF READING MATERIAL THAT WILL HELP YOU **** Stuff you should recall from middle school: 1)Chemical symbols and formulas 2) Elements, atoms, compounds, mixtures 3) counting atoms using subscripts 4)Recognizing whether a reaction is balanced or not, coefficients, conservation of mass 5) Groups versus periods 6) Metals, non-metals, metalloids 7) Density (calculate, compare) 8) Thermal energy transfers 9) Signs of a chemical change 10) Structure of an atom: Masses, charges, and locations of protons, neutrons, electrons; Protons determine an element s identity.

2 Lesson 1: Physical and Chemical Properties/Changes Please view the two videos posted on Google Classroom that remind you of the various properties/changes. Then complete the questions below. **For extra credit you may create a diagram that we can hang up to help you and your classmates remember this concept. ** Signs of a Chemical Reaction 1) Bubbles: forms 2) Change in Temperature: released/absorbed 3) Change in 4) Solid/Cloudy liquid: forms

3 Lesson 2: Density Please view the video or read the article on Density. Write definitions then answer the questions that follow. DEFINE: Mass: Volume: Density: Questions: 1) How could you find the volume of a cube? Of an oddly shaped object (penny, action figure )? 2) How do you find the mass of something? 3) Is it possible to measure the density of something or does it need to be calculated? Is density a physical or chemical property? 4) A substance has a mass of 34.5 g and a density of 4.6 g/ml. What is the volume of the substance? 5. A substance has a mass of 76.6g and a volume of 79.9g. What is the density of the substance? 6. A student finds that a 5.65cm 3 sample of baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3) has a mass of g. What is the density of NaHCO3? **A small cube of copper is heavier than a small cube of aluminum due to it being more dense. This means that it has more particles stuffed into an equal volume. ** 7. A block of magnesium, Mg has a volume of cm 3. The density of Mg is g/cm 3. What is the mass of the block of Mg?

4 Lesson 3: States of Matter and Changes in States of Matter Be Sure you are familiar with the following: A. States of Matter : Solid vs Liquid vs Gas 1. A has definite volume and definite shape. 2. A has definite volume but indefinite shape. It assumes the shape of its container. 3. A has neither definite volume nor definite shape. It assumes both the volume and shape of its container. B. Changes of State Practice (use the diagram above or notes from google classroom) 1. : solid changing to liquid 2. : liquid changing to vapor 3. : vapor changing to liquid 4. : liquid changing to solid 5. : solid changing directly to vapor without going through liquid phase 6. : vapor changing directly to solid without going through liquid phase C. Heat Transfers-Give an example of each of the following 1) Conduction 2) Convection 3) Radiation

5 Lesson 4: Periodic Table 1) Label Groups/families (vertical columns) versus Periods (horizontal rows) 2) Color or label the following sections after viewing the video or PowerPoint posted on Google Classroom: a. Metals: i. Alkali Metals (Group 1) ii. Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2) iii. Transition Metals (Group 3-12) b. Non-Metals i. Halides (Group 17) ii. Noble Gases (Group 18) c. Metalloids line

6 Lesson 5: Structure of an Atom Label the Atomic symbol according to the resource provided to you online (or in packet). Then review the parts of an atom and label these parts on diagram provided. Background Information: The number of protons represent the atomic number and therefore the identity of the atom. Different # s of neutrons make atoms have different Mass Numbers (protons + neutrons= mass #) Different # s of electrons make an atom charged. More electrons than protons = negatively charged, More protons than electrons = positively charged, Equal numbers of protons and electrons = electrically neutral Word Bank: Chemical Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Mass Proton Neutron Electron Researchers have isolated the following 5 element samples for investigation. A) Which samples represent the same element? B) What is the mass number of the heaviest sample? C) Which sample is electrically charged? (an ion) Explain how you know this. D) Describe the location in an atom for the protons, neutrons, and electrons.

7 Lesson 6: Reading Chemical Symbols Pure Substances: Elements Memorize the first 20 elements on the periodic table! You will have a quiz over matching the element name with its correct symbol. You will receive a longer list on the first day so please have these first 20 memorized by then H Hydrogen **Na Sodium He Helium Mg Magnesium Li Lithium Al Aluminum Be Beryllium Si Silicon B Boron P Phosphorus C Carbon S Sulfur N Nitrogen Cl Chlorine O Oxygen Ar Argon F Fluorine **K Potassium Ne Neon Ca Calcium **Be careful with these! They obtain their symbol from their Latin name. Pure Substances: Compounds (Name the following common compounds) H2O CH4 CaCl2 Ba(OH)2 CO2 NO2 O2 NaHCO3 C6H12O6 NaCl NH4 HCl Counting atoms in a compound: In the following, how many Hydrogens, Carbons, and Oxygens are there? Chemical Formula # of hydrogens # of carbons # of oxygens H2O CO2 Ba(OH)2

8 Law of Conservation of Mass/Energy is a common theme in ALL of your science classes. In chemistry we will investigate this phenomenon in the lab through observation and measurement. For now, look at the following chemical reactions and decide whether they are following the Law of Conservation of Mass (in other words- is stuff balanced out and equal). Vocabulary to recall: Coefficients are the BIG numbers in front of a chemical formula used when balancing. They affect all of the atoms behind it KClO3 2 KCl + 3 O2 What is the Coefficient in front of the Oxygen molecule? Therefore, how many oxygens are there in the Oxygen molecule? Is this equation balanced? (Equal numbers of each element on both sides of the arrow) If not, why? 2. H2 + 2 NO H2O + N2 What is the coefficient attached to the nitrogen monoxide (NO)? Therefore how many nitrogen and oxygen atoms are there? Is this equation balanced? (Equal numbers of each element on both sides of the arrow) If not, why?