Bonding Review Questions

Transcription

1 Name: Date: 1. As an Na atom forms an Na 2+ ion, the number of protons in its nucleus 4. Atoms of which of the following elements have the strongest attraction for electrons? A. decreases B. increases C. remains the same A. aluminum B. chlorine C. silicon D. sodium 2. When a metal reacts with a nonmetal, the metal will A. lose electrons and form a positive ion 5. The P Cl bond in a molecule of PCl 3 is A. nonpolar covalent B. polar covalent C. coordinate covalent D. electrocovalent B. lose protons and form a positive ion C. gain electrons and form a negative ion D. gain protons and form a negative ion 6. Which type of bond is contained in a water molecule? A. nonpolar covalent B. polar covalent 3. The illustration below shows two atoms of a fictitious element (M) forming a diatomic molecule. C. ionic D. electrovalent What type of bonding occurs between these two atoms? A. covalent B. ionic C. nuclear D. polar 7. Which substance contains nonpolar covalent bonds? A. H 2 B. H 2 O C. Ca(OH) 2 D. CaO page 1

2 8. Two fluorine atoms are held together by a covalent bond. Which statement correctly describes this bond? A. It is polar and forms a polar molecule. B. It is polar and forms a nonpolar molecule. C. It is nonpolar and forms a polar molecule. D. It is nonpolar and forms a nonpolar molecule. 11. Compared to a proton, an electron has A. a greater quantity of charge and the same sign B. a greater quantity of charge and the opposite sign C. the same quantity of charge and the same sign D. the same quantity of charge and the opposite sign 12. Which compound is formed when aluminum bonds with fluorine? 9. When two atoms form a chemical bond by sharing electrons, the resulting molecule will be A. AlF B. AlF 2 C. AlF 3 D. Al 3 F A. polar, only B. nonpolar, only C. either polar or nonpolar D. neither polar nor nonpolar 13. When cations and anions join, they form what kind of chemical bond? A. ionic B. hydrogen C. metallic D. covalent 10. What is the overall charge of an ion that has 12 protons, 10 electrons, and 14 neutrons? 14. Given the formula for oxygen: A. 2 B. 2+ C. 4 D. 4+ What is the total number of electrons shared between the atoms represented in this formula? A. 1 B. 2 C. 8 D. 4 page 2

3 15. Which substance contains a bond with the greatest ionic character? 19. What is the maximum number of covalent bonds that a carbon atom can form? A. KCl B. HCl C. Cl 2 D. F 2 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D Hydrogen bonds are strongest between molecules of A. H 2 O(l) B. H 2 S(l) C. H 2 Se(l) D. H 2 Te(l) 20. What is the total number of electrons in an atom with an atomic number of 13 and a mass number of 27? A. 13 B. 14 C. 27 D Which compound contains only covalent bonds? A. NaOH B. Ba(OH) 2 C. Ca(OH) 2 D. CH 3 OH 21. Which element is composed of atoms that can form more than one covalent bond with each other? A. hydrogen B. helium C. carbon D. calcium 18. Which statement explains why a molecule of CH 4 is nonpolar? A. The bonds between the atoms in a CH 4 molecule are polar. B. The bonds between the atoms in a CH 4 molecule are ionic. C. The geometric shape of a CH 4 molecule distributes the charges symmetrically. D. The geometric shape of a CH 4 molecule distributes the charges asymmetrically. 22. What is the total number of electrons in a Cu + ion? A. 28 B. 29 C. 30 D. 36 page 3

4 23. The accompanying table shows four compounds and the boiling point of each. Compound H 2 O H 2 S H 2 Se H 2 Te Boiling Point 100. C 67.7 C 41.5 C 2.2 C 26. Sara wants to know if lithium (Li) and bromine (Br) will bond. She uses the following table to find the properties of the two elements. Which type of molecular attraction accounts for the high boiling point of H 2 O? A. molecule-ion B. ion-ion C. hydrogen bonding D. van der Waals forces Which statement describes the type of bond formed from these two elements? A. Both Li and Br are metals that will form a metallic bond. B. Li is a metal and Br is a nonmetal that will form an ionic bond. C. Li is a nonmetal and Br is a metal that will form a covalent bond. 24. At standard pressure and room temperature, water (H 2 O) is a liquid and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a gas. Water and carbon dioxide exist in different states because D. Both Li and Br are transition metals that will form a metalloid bond. A. CO 2 molecules have a greater mass. B. the bonds are stronger in CO 2 molecules. C. H 2 O molecules have a larger diameter. D. the forces are greater between H 2 O molecules. 27. Which compound has the lowest normal boiling point? A. HCl B. H 2 S C. NH 3 D. CH What is the mass number of an ion that consists of 20 protons, 20 neutrons, and 18 electrons? 28. Which element would most likely form an ionic bond with chlorine? A. 18 B. 20 C. 38 D. 40 A. O B. N C. S D. K page 4

5 29. The atomic number of an atom is always equal to the number of its 32. Which formula represents a molecule having a nonpolar covalent bond? A. protons, only A. B. B. neutrons, only C. protons plus neutrons D. protons plus electrons C. D. 33. What is the total number of electrons in an atom of 19 9 F? 30. What is the correct formula for aluminum oxide? A. 9 B. 10 C. 19 D. 28 A. AlO 2 B. Al 2 O 3 C. Al 3 O 2 D. Al 3 O Sugar is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar is an example of which of the following? A. an atom B. a compound 31. Which electron dot formula represents a polar molecule? A. H : H B. H : Cl:.... C. H H :..C: H H D. :.. F:.... F: C. an electron D. a mixture 35. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the balanced equation below. 2Na(s) + Cl 2 (g) 2NaCl(s) Explain, in terms of electrons, why the bonding in NaCl is ionic. page 5

6 36. Which substance is an ionic solid? 38. The diagram below shows the chemical structure of water. A. LiCl B. HCl C. Ne D. Fe What can be concluded about the structure of water? A. It is an atom made up of two elements. B. It is an atom made up of three elements. C. It is a molecule made up of two elements. D. It is a molecule made up of three elements. 37. Which is the predominate type of attraction between molecules of HF in the liquid state? A. hydrogen bonding B. electrocovalent bonding C. ionic bonding D. covalent bonding page 6