24 th International Conference on Electricity Distribution Glasgow, June Paper 0045 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION

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1 4 th ntnatonal Confnc on Elctcty Dtbuton Glagow, 1-15 Jun 017 Pap 0045 EALUATNG NOSE AND DC OFFSET DUE TO NTER-HARMONCS AND SUPRA- HARMONCS CAUSED BY BACK TO BACK CONERTER OF (DFG GENERATOR N AC DSTRBUTON NETWORK Alza ALZADE Aabl Povnc Elctcty Dtbuton Copany an a_alza@yahoo.co Java BEHKESH NOSHAHR Aabl Povnc Elctcty Dtbuton Copany an JJ07@gal.co ABSTRACT Toay, any of chag a contoll ung th ntv lctonc an copoco yt. Th yt a ntv to vaou tubanc n th ntwok an th functon aly upt. Hnc, th haonc polluton of th tbuton ntwok ga a on of th funantal pobl n th pow qualty. n cnt ya, th u of wn pow plant nca to upply ngy, uc lo, nhanc lablty, an tbuton ntwok cuty. Th tatc convt u n th gnaton (DFG an fouth gnaton (PMSG wn tubn a th ot potant facto of haonc gnaton an popagaton, an pow qualty ucton n tbuton ntwok. n aton to haonc an nt-haonc, th haonc gnaton an popagaton n th fquncy ang of -150 KHz, upa-haonc, alo ffctv n caung th haonc polluton. Th an that a caung th lctoagntc tubanc n pow yt a claf n EC 77 an EEE 1159 tana. Th haonc, nt-haonc, an upahaonc woul cau th voltag fluctuaton, pon, upton an balanc n pow, fluctuaton n ntwok fquncy, low fquncy nucton n voltag, vlop DC voltag n AC ntwok, nuc th contnuou lctoagntc wav n th cunt an voltag wavfo, an cau th tannt ntablty, ocllatoy ntablty an vual flck n th onto (CRT. DC cunt n AC ntwok can cau aag uch a tanfo atuaton, an t n nulaton pat of qupnt. Th no n AC ntwok hav av ffct n th ntnfcaton of th Eath yt. n th atcl, th valuaton of th ffct of haonc, nt-haonc, an upa-haonc cau by wtchng th back to back convt of oubl f nucton gnato of a wn unt connct to th tbuton ntwok n caung th fluctuaton n ntwok fquncy, vlopng DC voltag n AC ntwok, an voltag no on n Matlab oftwa ulat n al-t ann, an analyz ba on th cta an qunt of EC tana. EC tana ha pov th conton an qunt of aung th pow qualty paat. NTRODUCTON Th qualty of lctc ngy o pow qualty on of th u that ha bn ouly con by th opaton an conu of th lctcty ntwok. Th tchnologcal vlopnt ha cau th vaty of nonlna chag catt ung non- nuoal wavfo n th ntwok [1]. Th chag cau th vaaton of voltag wavfo an cunt fo th nuoal al fo an cat th pow qualty tubanc. On th oth han, any of th chag a contoll ung th ntv lctonc an copoco yt. Th yt a ntv to vaou tubanc n th ntwok an th pfoanc can aly b upt. Tho tubanc that a pat pocally wth an ntg ultpl a call haonc. f th patng po of th tubanc a not an ntgal ultpl of th ntwok fquncy, thy a call haonc. Dvlopnt of pow lctonc vc, funac ac chag, ga chag lap n th tbuton ntwok cau a nw phnonon n th pow qualty []. Th phnonon known a haonc on an unty n th fquncy ang (-150 KHz o upahaonc [-4]. Th haonc nca th cunt awn n th capacto bank, hatng, an fnally but of capacto bank, lo an pcaton of qupnt. n aton, th an cau of lctoagntc tubanc cau by haonc, nt-haonc an upahaonc n EC77 an EEE1159 tana a claf a Tabl (1 [5-7]: TABLE 1. Clafcaton of th an cau of lctoagntc tubanc (EC an EEE [5-7] Haonc, nt-haonc, Supahaonc Sgnal yt (pow ln ca oltag fluctuaton oltag p an ntupton oltag balanc Pow-fquncy vaaton nuc low-fquncy voltag DC n ac ntwok Magntc fl Elctc fl nuc contnuou wav voltag o cunt Unctonal tannt Ocllatoy tannt Magntc fl Elctc fl Elctoagntc fl Contnuou wav Tannt Conuct low-fquncy Raat low-fquncy Conuct hghfquncy Raat hgh-fquncy CRED 017 1/5

2 4 th ntnatonal Confnc on Elctcty Dtbuton Glagow, 1-15 Jun 017 Pap 0045 Accong to what ha bn nton n Tabl (1, anoth haonc ffct caung th unwant gnal wth fquncy pctu low than 00 KHz o no n th voltag an cunt wavfo. Th oth ffct of haonc caung chang n th fquncy of tbuton ntwok [6]. Th aunt cta of th paat of pow qualty a xp n EC tana. Accong to th tana, th t to au th paat of pow qualty (upply voltag, haonc an nt-haonc, voltag unbalanc, no, tc. n cla A houl b at lat 10 cycl fo ntwok fquncy of 50 Hz, an 1 cycl fo th ntwok wth fquncy of 60Hz. To au th ontay voltag op, th valu of U (1/ houl b u n ach of th aunt channl. To au th voltag unbalanc, th ntgaton of U houl b u n th potv, ngatv an zo qunc [7]. A fw tu hav bn conuct o fa on Offt DC n AC ntwok, th no an ntwok fquncy ocllaton cau by wtchng th tatc convt u n DG. n th atcl, th fquncy ocllaton, no, an DC voltag gnat n AC ntwok cau by wtchng th back to back convt of oubl f nucton gnato of a wn unt connct to th tbuton ntwok a ulat an analy n Matlab oftwa n th alt ann, ba on th EC tana. MODELNG OF DFG GENERATOR OF THE WND TURBNE Aong th nw ngy ouc, th wn ngy, u to th clan an ntnabl natu, capablty to convt nto lctcal ngy, an f cot, an appopat choc. Th an pobl n ung th wn tubn that th ontay chang n wn p caung th fluctuaton n pow output of th wn tubn, an th fluctuaton a flct a th fquncy chang thoughout th yt affctng th yt pfoanc [8-9]. Th wn tubn a achn that convt th wn ngy nto lctcal ngy, an can b connct though lctcal gnato to th ntwok. Th wn tubn can b n n ffnt typ, an va n t of z an ngy gnaton [10]. Th gnato oto of typ- wn tubn otly connct to pow ntwok though th back to back convt. Th tatc convt u n th contol yt of gnato nca th contol capablty of th on wn tubn [10]. Th wn tubn copo of a oubl f nucton gnato. Th tato ctly connct to th ntwok, an th col oto wth lp ng wa connct to a tatc convt, an th oth of convt connct though th c-lnk an tatc convt to th ntwok tanfo. Th chancal p of tubn contoll ung a oto ccut, an n a vaabl fquncy. Th pow output of th yt n th typ of tubn nclu th total pow of tato an oto. n th abov p, th ynchonou pow by th oto tantt to th ntwok. n th ynchonou p, th a no pow xchang btwn th oto an ntwok, an n th followng tat, th ynchonou of oto wll b pow by th ntwok. Th tubn hav th capablty to uppot th actv pow ung th convt contol of tato [8]. Th gnato of typ- wn tubn, known a th oubl f nucton gnato (DFG, a u otly u n th wn fa. Fgu (1 how th chatc of typ- wn tubn gnato [11]. Fgu. 1. Schatc of DFG gnato of typ- wn tubn [11] n th chang ang of 0% n th ynchonou p, th u of typ- wn tubn an appopat oluton. Th DC capacto b to to th ngy btwn th two convt. Th chang n c-lnk capacto voltag vy lt. Th lctoagntc toqu o gnato p a wll a th tato pow facto can b contoll though th oto- convt an c-lnk voltag tubanc though th ntwok convt. Syt of (DFG n th blow an abov ynchonou p can b opat a a oto an gnato. Confguaton of oubl f nucton gnato along wth a back to back tatc convt hown n Fgu ( [11]. Fgu.. Confguaton of DFG gnato wth back to back convt [11] Th tanfoaton Pak quaton n th ynchonou achn n th oto fnc fa a a follow [1]: CRED 017 /5

3 4 th ntnatonal Confnc on Elctcty Dtbuton Glagow, 1-15 Jun 017 Pap 0045 R R R R Roto an tato flux alo obtan fo th followng quaton [1]: L L L L L L L L Mchancal an lctoagntc toqu n th nucton achn obtan fo th followng quaton [1]: j f ( L p ( L (4 Th oubl f nucton gnato copo of th tato an oto wnng. Th oto an tato voltag quaton n th q fnc fa of th gnato a a follow [1]: R R R R ( ( Th ontay tato nput pow n th q fnc fa a follow [1]: P ( (6 Q ( Stato an oto pow quaton a a follow [1]: P ( (7 P ( ( Whn th oto p n q ax qual to (, P (1 ( (5 th lctoagntc toqu obtan fo th followng quaton [1]: P( (8 An fnally, th flux lnkag quaton a a follow [1]: L L L L L L L L STUDY NETWORK Fgu ( how th tu yt n th atcl. Th tu yt nclu a wn unt qupp wth th oubl f nucton gnato (DFG. Th oto of th gnato connct though a back to back convt to th low voltag (L tbuton ntwok. Th low voltag ntwok gn n uch a way to hav th pow tanf capablty of th wn pow plant. Th wn tubn gnato qupp wth th npnnt contoll, an th ntwok- an oto- convt contol yt a poga npnntly. Th an a th actv an actv contol pow of th gnato ung th oto cunt contol at th oto- convt, an kp th c-lnk voltag contant ung th ntwok- convt contol. Th tatc convt contol yt gn n uch a way that th nucton actv pow of th wn unt gnato to th tbuton ntwok alot nglgbl to th xtnt of 0a. Th pow lctonc vc u n oto- an tato- back to back tatc convt a GBT/Do. Chaacttc of th ky a pnt n Tabl (. TABLE. Chaacttc of pow lctonc vc Paat alu Rp 100 k C R 0.1f 10 A RC flt wth pow of 100a b fo copnaton along wth th wn tubn. Th tbuton ntwok fquncy con 50 Hz. Th wtchng fquncy of th tatc convt con KHz. Th low voltag (L of tbuton ntwok con qual to th tato voltag of wn tubn. (9 CRED 017 /5

4 th ntnatonal Confnc on Elctcty Dtbuton Glagow, 1-15 Jun 017 Pap 0045 DFG 575-50Hz oltag Contol abc abc c PCC 575-50Hz C G Ga Box Chok -Ph GBT Convt Machn- Convt -Ph GBT Convt G- Convt

Th wn p con contant n th po, thn, th chancal toqu pactcally uppo to b contant an qual to T 0. 9Pu, thu, th hght pow tantt fo tubn to th ntwok.

4 4 th ntnatonal Confnc on Elctcty Dtbuton Glagow, 1-15 Jun 017 Pap 0045 DFG Hz oltag Contol abc abc c PCC Hz C G Ga Box Chok -Ph GBT Convt Machn- Convt -Ph GBT Convt G- Convt flt Fgu.. Stu yt RESULTS OF SMULATON Th ulaton of th tuy yt n Matlab/Sulnk, an n th ulaton t of t 1. 5, conuct n th al-t ann. Th wn p con contant n th po, thn, th chancal toqu pactcally uppo to b contant an qual to T 0. 9Pu, thu, th hght pow tantt fo tubn to th ntwok. Th ult of th ulaton of haonc pctocopy (FFT, an pctoga of ntwok voltag pov blow. Fgu. 6. Analy of potv an ngatv qunc of (AB voltag of ntwok Fgu. 4. Haonc pctu of (AB voltag of ntwok Fgu. 7. Fquncy ocllaton an haonc tubanc of (AB voltag of ntwok Fgu. 5. Spctoga cuv of (AB voltag of ntwok CRED 017 4/5

5 4 th ntnatonal Confnc on Elctcty Dtbuton Glagow, 1-15 Jun 017 Pap 0045 REFERENCES Fgu. 8. DC voltag n AC ntwok an ct no of (AB voltag of ntwok Fgu. 9. RMS valu of (AB voltag of ntwok Accong to Fgu (4, th hght haonc popagaton of ntwok voltag n th fquncy ang of 4 KHz, an by 0.8% of th ba voltag. Th haonc on of th ntwok voltag n th tana ptt ang. Accong to Fgu (6, th voltag vaton n th potv qunc alot 0.004Pu. Accong to Fgu (7, th hght fquncy ocllaton 50.0 Hz, an th lowt fquncy ocllaton Hz. DC voltag ct to AC 1 ntwok cau by haonc alot 10 Pu. Accong to Fgu (8, th ppl voltag about 0. Accong to Fgu (9, th RMS valu of voltag wth th wn tubn alo uc by.5. CONCLUSON n th atcl, DC voltag n AC ntwok an alo th no on n th voltag wavfo of ntwok cau by wtchng th back to back convt of th wn unt connct to th low voltag (L ntwok w ulat an analy. Rult of al-t ulaton n Matlab/Sulnk how that th wn pow plant cau th fquncy ocllaton by 0.0Hz n th natual fquncy of th ntwok. Alo, th tatc convt u n th wn tubn yt nca th THD% of ntwok voltag, although, th nca up to th ptt lt tn n th EC an EEE tana. Th no n th voltag wavfo vy hgh an cannot b ovlook. DC voltag n AC ntwok cau by th haonc gnat by th convt vy low. RMS valu of voltag uc by 57.5 at th pnc of wn tubn. [1] E. Laon an M. Bolln, Eon an unty of qupnt n th fquncy ang to 150 khz, PowTch, EEE Buchat, pp. 1-5,009. [] M. Bolln, M. Olofon, A. Laon, S. Rönnbg an M. Lunak, Stana fo upahaonc ( to 150 khz, Elctoagntc Copatblty Magazn, EEE, vol., pp [] S. Rönnbg, M. Bolln, Maunt of Pay an Sconay on n th upahaonc quncy ang 150 khz. nt. Conf. Elctcty Dtbuton (CRED, Lyon, Jun 015. [4] S. K. Rönnbg, M. H. J. Bolln an M. Wahlbg, ntacton Btwn Naowban Pow-Ln Councaton an En-U Equpnt, Pow Dlvy, EEE Tanacton On, vol. 6, pp , 011. [5] EC Tchncal Cott 77, Wokng Goup 6 (Sctaat 110-R5, Clafcaton of Elctoagntc. [6] Caoln Lo, Eanul D Jag, Conuct Dtubancc n th Fquncy ang -150KHz : nflunc of th L tbuton g. nt. Conf. Elctcty Dtbuton (CRED, Lyon, Jun 015. [7] EEE St , EEE Rcon Pactc fo Montong Elctc Pow Qualty, Th nttut of Elctcal an Elctonc Engn, nc. [8] Matnz M, Tapa G, Supgu A. DFG pow gnaton capablty an fablty gon un unbalanc g voltag conton. EEE Tan Engy Conv 011;6: [9] Mohn M, la SM, Maou MAS. pact of ytcal an aytcal voltag ag on DFG-ba wn tubn conng phaangl jup, voltag covy, an ag paat. EEE Tan Pow Elcton 011;6: [10] Aba G, Roguz MA, wank G, Poza J. Dct pow contol of oubly-fnucton-gnatoba wn tubn un unbalanc g voltag. EEE Tan Pow Elcton 010;5:44 5. [11] jay ttal, Raja Ayyana, G ntgaton an Dynac pact of Wn Engy. Spng Nw Yok Hlbg Docht Lonon, 01. [1] Th Mathwok, 015, Aynchonou achn Pu unt,fohttp://nl.athwok.co/hlp/phyo/ p/ powy/f/ Aynchonou achn Pu unt.htl. CRED 017 5/5

Applications of Lagrange Equations

Applications of Lagrange Equations Applcaton of agang Euaton Ca Stuy : Elctc Ccut ng th agang uaton of oton, vlop th athatcal ol fo th ccut hown n Fgu.Sulat th ult by SIMI. Th ccuty paat a: 0.0 H, 0.00 H, 0.00 H, C 0.0 F, C 0. F, 0 Ω, Ω