Vegetation Ecology Plains to Alpine Fieldtrip: Vascular Plant Species (Working List) Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado

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1 Vegetation Ecology Plains to Alpine Fieldtrip: Vascular Plant Species (Working List) Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado Notes: Family names are at the end of an entry (in parentheses). When 2 family names are given, the 1st is that used in Ackerfield (2015: Flora of Colorado) and the 2nd in Weber & Whittmann (2012: Colorado Flora, Eastern Slope). Plains Greenbelt Plateau Open Space Graminoids grass and grass like plants: narrow linear leaves with parallel veins; the grass, rush and sedge families: Poaceae, Juncaceae, and Cyperaceae, respectively. Needle and thread grass (Hesperostipa comata, synonym: Stipa c.) long lemma and awn (Poaceae) Squirrel tail grass (Elymus elymoides) spreading awns, glumes and floret awned (Poaceae) Sweet junegrass (Koeleria macrantha) dense compact spike like panicle (Poaceae) Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda) small bunchgrass, leaves < half the length of the inflorescence, no awns (Poaceae) Western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii, synonym: Agropyrum s.) rhizomatous, blue ish tinge (Poaceae) Bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata) bunchgrass, awns (Poaceae) Buffalo grass (Buchloë dactyloides) short leaves and short inflorescence (Poaceae) Sedge (Carex spp.) no ligules (Cyperaceae) Baltic rush (Juncus balticus) (Juncaceae) Spikerush (Eleocharis sp.) (Cyperaceae) *Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) (Poaceae) *Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) pyramid shaped inflorescence, cobwebby at base of lemma (Poaceae) *Orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) spikelets in dense clusters at end of main panicle branches (Poaceae) *Smooth brome (Bromus inermis) smooth leaves, and stiffly erect (Poaceae) * Tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus, synonym: Festuca a.), 2 4' tall cums, robust bunch grass (Poaceae) Forbs herbaceous plants with broader leaves, mostly net veination; wildflowers. Slimflower scurfpea (Psoralidium tenuiflorum) 2 3 leaflets, sticky; blue purple flowers (Fabaceae) Coneflower (Ratibida columnifera) yellow flowers (Asteraceae) Purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea) purple cone shaped flower, orange anthers (Fabaceae) Chickweed (Cerastium sp) white flowers (Caryophyllaceae / Alsinaceae) Gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa) sticky plant, yellow flowers (Asteraceae) Golden Aster (Heterotheca villosa) hairy plant, yellow flowers (Asteraceae) Sunflower (Helianthus pumilus [perennial] or H. annus [annual]) (Asteraceae) Indian Blanket Flower (Gaillardia aristata) orange yellow flowers (Asteraceae) Cinquefoil (Potentilla sp.) usually 5 leaflets, yellow flowers (Rosaceae) Umbrella wort (Oxybaphus nyctagineus, Mirabilis nyctaginea) (Nyctaginaceae) Dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium) milky sap, opposite leaves (Apocynaceae) Indian paintbrush (Castilleja sp.) (Scrophulariaceae) Fogfruit (Phyla cuneifolia) white+purple flowers, creeping (Verbenaceae) Beardtongue (Penstemon sp.) tubular, irregular, blue and pink flowers (Scrophulariaceae) Plantain (Plantago major) (Plantaginaceae) Wild onion (Allium spp) (Liliaceae) Globe mallow (Sphaeralcea coccinea) (Malvaceae) Milkweed (Asclepias speciosus) milky sap, opposite leaves (Apocynaceae / Asclepiadaceae) Lupine (Lupinus spp.) (Fabaceae) Bastard toadflax, Sandalwood (Comandra umbellata), thickish lvs, pale white flowers (Santalaceae) Fleabane erigeron (Erigeron spp) white to pale pink, many narrow, ray flowers, (Asteraceae) Larkspur, Delphinium (Delphinium spp.) dark blue, or occasionally, albino white (Scrophulariaceae) *non native to North America, an introduced species Page 1 of 5

2 Cattail (Typha latifolia) emergent aquatic plant (Typhacea) *Common Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) (Scrophulariaceae) *Prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) (Asteraceae) *Deptford pink (Dianthus armeria) dark pink petals, opposite leaves (Caryophyllaceae) *Western ragweed (Ambrosia sp.) (Asteraceae) *Curly dock (Rumex crispus) (Polygonaceae) *Diffuse knapweed (Acosta diffusa, Centaurea diffusa) (Asteraceae) *Chicory (Cichorium intybus) blue flowers (Asteraceae) *Oyster plant (Tragopogon dubious) (Asteraceae) *St. Johnswort (Hypericum perforatum) flowers yellow (Clusiaceae / Hypericaceae) *Toad flax (Linaria genistifolia subsp. dalmatica) large butter & eggs flowers (Scrophulariaceae) *Garlic mustard (Allysum simplex) pepper grass/weed (Brassicaceae) *Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) (Asteraceae) *Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) white to pink flowers (Convolvulaceae) *Yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis) yellow flowers (Fabaceae) *White sweet clover (Melilotus alba) white flowers (Fabaceae) *Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) white flowers, rooted in water (Brassicaceae) *Teasel (Dipsacus spp.) (Dipsacaceae) *Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) (Asteraceae) *Tumble mustard (Sysimbrium altissimum) (Brassicaceae) Shrubs and sub shrubs woody plants with multiple stems Fringed sage (Artemisia frigida) fine, gray leaves (Asteraceae) White sagebrush (Artemisia ludoviciana) broader, gray leaves (Asteraceae) Rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus) (Asteraceae) Prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polycantha) (Cactaceae) Wild tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) fine green leaves (Asteraceae) Hawthorn (Crataegus rivularis) (Rosaceae) Snowberry (Symphoricarpos spp.) (Caprifoliaceae) Yucca, Spanish bayonet (Yucca spp) (Agavaceae) Wild rose (Rosa woodsii) (Rosaceae) Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) (Rosaceae) Coyote willow (Salix exigua) (Salicaceae) Bluestem willow (Salix irrorata) Salicaceae) Trees Plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp monilifera) (Salicaceae) Narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia) (Salicaceae) Peach leaved willow (Salix amygdaloides) (Salicaceae) Other species: *non native to North America, an introduced species Page 2 of 5

3 Foothills Betasso Open Space Graminoids Needle and thread grass (Hesperostipa comata, synonym: Stipa c.) long lemma and awn (Poaceae) Squirrel tail grass (Elymus elymoides) spreading awns, glumes and floret awned (Poaceae) Sweet Junegrass (Koeleria macrantha) dense compact spike like panicle (Poaceae) Sandberg Bluegrass (Poa secunda) small bunchgrass, leaves <half the length of the inflorescence, no awns (Poaceae) Western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii, synonym: Agropyrum s.) rhizomatous, blue ish tinge (Poaceae) Spike fescue (Leucopoa kingii) in an association with Ponderosa Pine. (Poaceae) *Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) (Poaceae) *Smooth brome (Bromus inermus) smooth glabrous and stiffly erect (Poaceae) Forbs Sulphur flower (Eriogonum umbellatum) bright yellow, planar basal lvs. (Polygonaceae) Spearleaf Stonecrop (Sedum lanceolatum, synonym: Amerosedum l.) bright yellow, succulent basal leaves (Crassulaceae) Harebells (Campanula rotundifolia) purple bell shaped flowers (Campanulaceae) Beardtongue (Penstemon cyanocaulis, and others) tubular, irregular, blue and pink flowers (Scrophulariaceae) Phlox (Phlox sp.) white, pink flowers (Polemoniaceae) Locoweed (Oxytropis lambertii) purple flowers, pinnate leaves (Fabaceae) Locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) white flowers, pinnate leaves (Fabaceae) Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) (Asteraceae) Pussytoes (Antennaria sp.) (Asteraceae) Richard s geranium (Geranium richardsonii) (Geraniaceae) Wild Puccoon (Lithospermum incisum) yellow flowers (Boraginaceae) Gaura (Gaura neomexicana, or G. coccinia) orangey pinkish flowers (Onagraceae) Oregon Grape (Mahonia repens) yellow flowers (Berberidaceae) *Sweetclover (Melilotus officinale) flowers yellow (Fabaceae) *Sweetclover (Melilotus albus) white flowers (Fabaceae) Shrubs Snowberry (Symphoricarpos spp.) (Caprifoliaceae) Prickly Pear (Opuntia polycantha) (Cactaceae) Buckbrush (Ceanothus fenderli) white flowers (Rhamnaceae) Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus) (Rhamnaceae) Chokecherry (Prunus virginianus) (Rosaceae) Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron rydbergii) Leaves of three, let it be All parts are poisonous and will cause an itchy contagious rash. Do not touch! Don t touch boots or your dog if you suspect either have come in contact with this shrub/vine. Wash areas well with soap and water. (Anacardiaceae) Trees Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa) (Pinaceae) Colorado Blue Spruce (Picea pungens) (Pinaceae) Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) (Pinaceae) Rocky Mountain Juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) (Cupressaceae) Other species: *non native to North America, an introduced species Page 3 of 5

4 Subalpine Forest and Alpine Tundra Arapahoe Pass Trail Subalpine Forest Forbs Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) (Ericaceae) Path Finder (Arnica cordifolia) (Asteraceae) Parrots Bill (Pedicularis parryi) white flowers, pinnate lvs (Scrophulariaceae) Lousewort (Pedicularis racemosa) flowers white, leaves entire (Scrophulariaceae) Geyer's Sedge (Carex geyeri) (Cyperaceae) Fireweed (Chamerion danielsii) (Onagraceae) Shrubs Gooseberry Current (Ribes montigenum) (Grossulariaceae) Common Juniper (Juniperus communis) (Pinaceae) Trees Subalpine Fir (Abies lasiocarpa) (Pinaceae) Englemann Spruce (Picea engelmannii) (Pinaceae) Alpine/Subalpine transition area Arctic Sandwort (Arenaria obtusiloba) (Caryophyllaceae) American Bistort (Polygonum bistortoides) (Polygonaceae) Mountain Blue Violet (Viola adunca var. bellidifolia) (Violaceae) Blueberry (Vaccinium scoparium) (Ericaceae) Least Lewisia (Lewisia pygmaea) (Portulacaceae) Moss Campion (Silene acaulis) (Caryophyllaceae) Parrots Bill (Pedicularis parryi) (Scrophulariaceae) Nuttall's sandwort (Arenaria nuttallii) (Caryophyllaceae) Draba (Draba spp.) (Brassicaceae) Alpine avens (Geum rossii) (Rosaceae) Alpine sedge (Carex sp.) (Cyperaceae) Alpine clover (Trifolium dasyphyllum) (Fabaceae) Dwarf alpine clover (Trifolium nanum (Fabaceae) Dwarf goldenrod (Solidago spathalata var. nana) (Asteraceae) Rocky Mountain Sagewort (Artemisia scopulorum) (Asteraceae) Shrubs Short fruit willow (Salix brachycarpa) (Salicaceae) Alpine Tundra Mouse's ears (Arenaria fendleri, synonym: Eremogone f.) (Caryophyllaceae / Alsinaceae) Pussy Toes (Antennaria rosea) (Asteraceae) Mountain Sedge (Carex scopulorum) (Cyperaceae) Tufted Hairgrass (Deschampsia cespitosa) (Poaceae) Bluegrass (Poa spp.) (Poaceae) Alpine Timothy (Phleum alpinum, synonym: P. commutatum) (Poaceae) Ragwort, Groundsel (Senecio sp.) (Asteraceae) Goldenrod (Solidago sp.) (Asteraceae) Arrowleaf ragwort (Senecio triangularis) (Asteraceae) *non native to North America, an introduced species Page 4 of 5

5 Yarrow (Achillea millifolia) (Asteraceae) Meadow Lousewort (Pedicularis crenulata) reddish crenulate (finely scalloped or notched edge) linear lvs (Scrophulaceae) Pygmy Lewisia (Lewisia pygmaea, synonym: Oreobroma p.) (Portulacaceae) Parry's clover (Trifolium parryi) (Fabaceae) Creeping sibbaldia (Sibbaldia procumbens) (Rosaceae) Buttercup (Ranunculus sp.) (Ranunculaceae) Early Cinquefoil (Potentilla concinna) palmately lobed lvs, glaucous. (Rosaceae) Yellow or Spearleaf stonecrop (Sedum lanceolatum, synonym: Amerosedum l.) (Crassulaceae) Alpine False springparsely (Pseudocympoterus montanus) (Apiaceae) Dwarf goldenrod (Solidago simplex, synonym: S. spathulata var. nana) (Asteraceae) Short fruit willow (Salix brachycarpa) (Salicaceae) Bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia) (Brassicaceae) Beardtongue, Penstemon (Penstemon whippleanus) (Scrophulariaceae) Marsh marigold (Caltha leptosepala, synonym: Psychrophila l.) (Ranunculaceae / Helleboraceae) Globe Flower (Trollius albiforus) (Ranunculaceae / Helleboraceae) Geyer Onion (Allium geyeri) (Alliaceae) Rock Jasmine (Androsace septentrionalis) (Primulaceae) American bistort (Bistorta bistortoides) (Polygonaceae) Lousewort (Pedicularis spp.) (Scrophulariaceae) Phlox (Phlox multiflora) (Polemoniaceae) Other species: GK 713,615r4(tk615r5) *non native to North America, an introduced species Page 5 of 5

6 Plant Taxonomic databases JStor Global Plants Herbarium collections Community-contributed database that features more than two million high resolution plant type specimen images and other foundational materials from the collections of hundreds of herbaria around the world. USDA PLANTS Database provides standardized information about the vascular plants, mosses, liverworts, hornworts, and lichens of the U.S. and its territories Citation: USDA, NRCS The PLANTS Database ( [access date]). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA. Niwot Ridge & Green Lakes Valley alpine species list GK,tk 813

Communities on the Badlands Ecosites

Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems Publication 11 Communities on the Badlands Ecosites A project of the Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan Jeff Thorpe Saskatchewan Research Council 2007 Funding