Earth Science: Earth's Place in the Universe Unit 2: The Moon

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Slide 1 / 127 Slide 2 / 127 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at www.njctl.

NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to

1 Slide 1 / 127 Slide 2 / 127 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course materials to parents, students and others. Earth Science: Earth's Place in the Universe Unit 2: The Moon Click to go to website: Slide 3 / Slide 4 / 127 Table of Contents: The Moon Facts About the Moon Click on the topic to go to that section Phases of the Moon (1-4) Phases of the Moon (5-8) The Moon's Effect on Earth Review Facts About the Moon Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 127 Have you seen this in the night sky? Slide 6 / 127 Have you seen this in the night sky? In the night sky you might see...

2 Slide 7 / 127 Slide 8 / 127 When you look into the night sky, what do you see? Classwork #1 Draw the night sky. Write about your picture. When students have completed their picture, take time to discuss their class work before moving to the next slide. Slide 9 / 127 We are going to learn about and explore the night sky. Slide 10 / 127 Reflection What do we already know about the Moon? K W L The moon does not have its own light. The sun's light reflects off the moon's surface. That reflection is what we see when we look up at the moon. Slide 11 / 127 Lab 1 Slide 12 / 127 The Moon The moon is earth's only natural satellite. You will need a mirror and a flash light. Work with a partner as you follow the directions on lab handout. A natural satellite is a space body that orbits a planet. The opposite of a natural satellite is an artificial satellite. An artificial satellite is something that is placed in orbit around a planet, like the International Space Station.

3 Slide 13 / 127 Gravity Slide 14 / 127 The Moon Orbits Earth The moon and Earth are always together, pulled towards each other by gravity. click here to see a quick video about gravity What does orbit mean? Do you remember? click here to sing along with a song about orbits! Slide 15 / 127 The Moon Orbits Earth The moon orbits Earth about every 29 days. The moon and Earth orbit the sun. Slide 16 / The moon is a natural satellite to Earth. Click here and take a look. Slide 16 () / 127 Slide 17 / The moon is a natural satellite to Earth. 2 The Earth and the moon are pulled together by gravity.

4 Slide 17 () / 127 Slide 18 / The Earth and the moon are pulled together by gravity. 3 The moon gives off its own light. Slide 18 () / 127 Slide 19 / The moon gives off its own light. 4 We can see the moon because the Sun's light reflects off the A satellite B moon's surface C telescope Slide 19 () / 127 Slide 20 / We can see the moon because the Sun's light reflects off the A satellite B moon's surface C telescope B - moon's surface 5 Earth orbits the sun.

5 Slide 20 () / 127 Slide 21 / Earth orbits the sun. 6 The moon orbits the sun every 29 days. Slide 21 () / The moon orbits the sun every 29 days. Slide 22 / 127 Sides of the Moon The side of the moon that we can see from Earth is called the near side of the moon. The other side is called the dark side of the Moon. Slide 23 / 127

Slide 25 / 127 Far Side of the Moon Slide 26 / 127 Dark (Far) Side of the Moon We had to send a space craft out to

Slide 27 / 127 Surface of the Moon Slide 28 / 127 Astronauts on the Moon The moon does not have the air that we

A crater is a bowl shape in the surface of a planet or moon that was caused by something smashing into it.

NASA's astronauts have visited the moon.

6 Slide 25 / 127 Far Side of the Moon Slide 26 / 127 Dark (Far) Side of the Moon We had to send a space craft out to take pictures of the far side of the moon! Slide 27 / 127 Surface of the Moon Slide 28 / 127 Astronauts on the Moon The moon does not have the air that we need to breathe. The moon's surface has huge craters. A crater is a bowl shape in the surface of a planet or moon that was caused by something smashing into it. The surface of the moon is hot in the places where the sun shines on it and cold in the shadows. NASA's astronauts have visited the moon. They had to wear special suits that had air tanks so that they could breathe. An astronaut is a person who explores outer space. Click here for a video of the first moon landing. Slide 29 / 127 Slide 29 () / We say that there are sides of the moon. 7 We say that there are sides of the moon. A eight A eight B one B one C two C two C - two

7 Slide 30 / 127 Slide 30 () / Is the moon's surface smooth? 8 Is the moon's surface smooth? Slide 31 / 127 Slide 31 () / Does the moon have craters? 9 Does the moon have craters? Slide 32 / 127 Slide 32 () / The surface of the moon is where the sun shines. A cold B hot C wet 10 The surface of the moon is where the sun shines. A cold B hot C wet A - cold

8 Slide 33 / 127 Slide 33 () / In the shadows, the surface of the moon is. 11 In the shadows, the surface of the moon is. A frozen A frozen B hot C cold B hot C cold C - cold Slide 34 / 127 Slide 34 () / To visit the moon, we need: 12 To visit the moon, we need: A a space suit B tanks of air C both of the above A a space suit B tanks of air C both of the above C - both of the above Slide 35 / 127 Slide 36 / 127 Phases of the Moon (1-4) Return to Table of Contents

Slide 37 / 127 The Moon When you look up at the moon, does it always look the same? Slide 38 / 127 Phases of the Moon You have probably noticed the shape of the moon seems to change!

YES NO Phases of the Moon Slide 39 / 127 Slide 40 / 127 8 Phases of the Moon The phases of the moon depend on the position of the moon in relation to the sun and Earth.

9 Slide 37 / 127 The Moon When you look up at the moon, does it always look the same? Slide 38 / 127 Phases of the Moon You have probably noticed the shape of the moon seems to change! This is because the moon has phases. Let's vote! During each phase, we can only see the part of the moon that is the lighter color. YES NO Phases of the Moon Slide 39 / 127 Slide 40 / Phases of the Moon The phases of the moon depend on the position of the moon in relation to the sun and Earth. As the Moon makes its way around Earth, we see the bright parts of the Moon's surface at different angles, reflecting light from the Sun. "Waxing" means to grow larger. "Waning" means to get smaller. Slide 41 / 127 New Moon Slide 42 / 127 New Moon The first phase of the moon is called the new moon. During the new moon, the moon, earth and sun are all in a line. For a few days each month we cannot see the Moon. The moon is there. We just cannot see it. The part of the moon that we can see is not reflecting sunlight, so it looks dark.

Slide 43 / 127 Waxing Crescent The second phase of the moon is called the waxing crescent. Slide 44 / 127 Waxing Crescent The right side of the moon is in a crescent shape.

10 Slide 43 / 127 Waxing Crescent The second phase of the moon is called the waxing crescent. Slide 44 / 127 Waxing Crescent The right side of the moon is in a crescent shape. As the moon moves along its path orbiting the Earth you will only see a little piece of the lighted part of the moon. When the lighted part of the moon is getting larger it is called waxing. Slide 45 / 127 Slide 45 () / The moon always looks the same. 13 The moon always looks the same. FALSE Slide 46 / 127 Slide 46 () / There are phases of the moon. 14 There are phases of the moon. A three A three B six B six C eight C eight C - eight

11 Slide 47 / 127 Slide 47 () / The moon is always in the sky. 15 The moon is always in the sky. TRUE, but sometimes we can not see it. Slide 48 / 127 Slide 48 () / Can you always see the moon? 16 Can you always see the moon? NO Slide 49 / 127 Slide 49 () / Can you see the new moon? 17 Can you see the new moon? NO

Slide 50 / 127 Slide 50 () / 127 18 Waxing means to get smaller.

FALSE Slide 51 / 127 First Quarter Moon Slide 52 / 127 First Quarter Moon The third phase of the moon is the first quarter

Hint: It is called "quarter" because it is one fourth of the Moon, like these oranges.

12 Slide 50 / 127 Slide 50 () / Waxing means to get smaller. 18 Waxing means to get smaller. FALSE Slide 51 / 127 First Quarter Moon Slide 52 / 127 First Quarter Moon The third phase of the moon is the first quarter moon. When you see the right side of the moon lit, it is called the first quarter moon. Hint: It is called "quarter" because it is one fourth of the Moon, like these oranges. If you ate one, you would eat a quarter of the orange. Slide 53 / 127 Waxing Gibbous Slide 54 / 127 Waxing Gibbous The fourth phase of the moon is the waxing gibbous. As the moon continues to orbit the Earth the lit part of the moon that we see is getting larger. During this phase, the moon is still waxing. Do you remember what waxing means?

13 Slide 55 / 127 Waxing Gibbous Moon Slide 56 / The second phase of the moon is called. A New Moon When more than a half of the right side of the moon is lit, it is called a waxing gibbous moon. B Waxing Crescent C Half Moon Slide 56 () / The second phase of the moon is called. Slide 57 / The third phase of the moon is called the first quarter moon. A New Moon B Waxing Crescent C Half Moon B - Waxing Crescent Slide 57 () / The third phase of the moon is called the first quarter moon. Slide 58 / The 4th phase of the moon is called the waxing gibbous. TRUE

14 Slide 58 () / The 4th phase of the moon is called the waxing gibbous. Slide 59 / A waxing gibbous moon has more than half of the side showing. TRUE A right B left Slide 59 () / A waxing gibbous moon has more than half of the side showing. Slide 60 / Waxing means to get smaller. A right B left A Slide 60 () / 127 Slide 61 / Waxing means to get smaller. FALSE 24 The sunlit part of the moon is getting when we see the waxing gibbous phase. A larger B smaller C stays the same

Slide 61 () / 127 Slide 62 / 127 24 The sunlit part of the moon is getting when we see the waxing gibbous phase.

15 Slide 61 () / 127 Slide 62 / The sunlit part of the moon is getting when we see the waxing gibbous phase. A larger B smaller C stays the same A - larger Phases of the Moon (5-8) Return to Table of Contents Slide 63 / 127 The Full Moon The fifth phase of the Moon is the Full Moon. Slide 64 / 127 The Full Moon The sun and the moon are on opposite sides of the earth. When you look in the sky you will see that the whole side of the Moon that is facing Earth, is in sunlight. The Full Moon is seen two weeks (14 Days) after the New Moon. Slide 65 / 127 The Full Moon The Full Moon rises about the same time as the Sun sets. The Full Moon sets about the same time as the Sun rises. Slide 66 / 127 Waning Gibbous The sixth phase of the Moon is the waning gibbous. Click here for a video of the Moon rising and setting in San Francisco. A few days after the full moon, the moon starts to appear smaller.

Slide 69 / 127 Slide 69 () / 127 25 The 5th phase of the Moon is a.

16 Slide 67 / 127 Waning Gibbous Slide 68 / 127 Waning Gibbous Moon Waning means to get smaller. We see less of the sunlit side of the Moon. When more than half of the left side of the moon is lit, it is called a waning gibbous moon. How is this different from a waxing gibbous moon? Slide 69 / 127 Slide 69 () / The 5th phase of the Moon is a. 25 The 5th phase of the Moon is a. A Quarter Moon B New moon C Full Moon A Quarter Moon B New moon C Full Moon C - Full Moon Slide 70 / During a full moon, the moon and the are on opposite sides of the Earth. Slide 70 () / During a full moon, the moon and the are on opposite sides of the Earth. A sun A sun B Earth C moon B Earth C moon A - Sun

17 Slide 71 / 127 Slide 71 () / The Full Moon sets at the same time as the Sun rises. 27 The Full Moon sets at the same time as the Sun rises. YES Slide 72 / 127 Slide 72 () / The 6th phase of the Moon is called. 28 The 6th phase of the Moon is called. A Waxing Gibbous B Waning Gibbous C Full Moon A Waxing Gibbous B Waning Gibbous C Full Moon B - Waning Gibbous 29 Waning means to get Slide 73 / Waning means to get Slide 73 () / 127 A smaller. A smaller. B larger. B larger. A

Slide 74 / 127 Slide 74 () / 127 30 When we see a Waning Gibbous Moon we see less of the Moon than in a Full Moon.

18 Slide 74 / 127 Slide 74 () / When we see a Waning Gibbous Moon we see less of the Moon than in a Full Moon. 30 When we see a Waning Gibbous Moon we see less of the Moon than in a Full Moon. TRUE Slide 75 / 127 Three Quarter Moon The seventh phase of the Moon is the three quarter half moon. Slide 76 / 127 The Seventh Phase of the Moon Sometimes the third quarter Moon is called last quarter moon. During the three quarter moon, the left half of the moon is sunlit. How is this different from the first quarter moon? Slide 77 / 127 Waning Crescent Moon Slide 78 / 127 Waning Crescent Moon The eighth phase of the Moon is the waning crescent moon. The Waning Crescent has the crescent shape on the left side of the moon. How is this different from the waxing crescent moon?

19 Slide 79 / 127 Phases of the Moon Slide 80 / 127 Lunar Month Following the waning crescent, the phases of the moon start over again with the new moon. The time it takes to go from the new moon through all 8 phases is about 29 days. This is called the lunar month. Click here for an animation that shows the phases of the moon Slide 81 / 127 Slide 81 () / The 7th phase of the Moon is called. 31 The 7th phase of the Moon is called. A 3rd Quarter Moon B Last Quarter Moon C both A and B A 3rd Quarter Moon B Last Quarter Moon C both A and B C Slide 82 / 127 Slide 82 () / When you see the 3rd quarter moon, the left side is lit. 32 When you see the 3rd quarter moon, the left side is lit. TRUE

20 Slide 83 / 127 Slide 83 () / The 8th phase of the moon is the A New Moon B Waning Crescent C Waxing Crescent 33 The 8th phase of the moon is the A New Moon B Waning Crescent C Waxing Crescent B - Waning Crescent Slide 84 / 127 Slide 84 () / The waning crescent moon is 34 The waning crescent moon is A the 1st phase B the last phase C the 5th phase A the 1st phase B the last phase C the 5th phase B - the last phase Slide 85 / 127 Slide 85 () / What phase happens after the waning crescent moon? 35 What phase happens after the waning crescent moon? A New Moon B Waxing crescent C Full moon A New Moon B Waxing crescent C Full moon A - New Moon

Moon and the Earth and the sun are attracted to each other, just like magnets are

21 Slide 86 / 127 Slide 87 / 127 Slide 88 / 127 Slide 89 / 127 Slide 90 / 127 Slide 91 / 127 The Moon's Effect on Earth The Moon's Effect on Earth The Earth and the Moon and the Earth and the sun are attracted to each other, just like magnets are attracted to metals. This attraction is called gravity. Return to Table of Contents Moon

Slide 92 / 127 Slide 93 / 127 The Moon's Effect on Earth Tidal Current The Moon's gravity is not strong enough to pull anything off the Earth.

When water moves in and out of bays and harbors, the movement is called a tidal current.

When the tide is falling, water flows from the bay back into the ocean creating an ebb current.

22 Slide 92 / 127 Slide 93 / 127 The Moon's Effect on Earth Tidal Current The Moon's gravity is not strong enough to pull anything off the Earth. Moon's gravity is able to pull Earth's e water, only thing causing is does the tides. Tides are the rise and fall of water caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon. When water moves in and out of bays and harbors, the movement is called a tidal current. Click here to watch an example of a tide coming in Slide 94 / 127 Tides and Currents When the tide is rising, water flows from the ocean into the bay creating a flood current. When the tide is falling, water flows from the bay back into the ocean creating an ebb current. Slide 95 / 127 Tides and Currents When the gravity of the Moon pulls on the oceans, the tides get higher on opposite sides of Earth. Click here and watch this boat go up(rise) and down (fall) with the tides. Slide 96 / 127 Tides and Currents As the Moon and Earth move the tides change. There are two high tides and two low tides each day. Slide 97 / What causes the tides? A Moon's gravitational pull. B Sun's gravitational pull. C All of the above. This is another explanation of the change in our ocean tides.

23 Slide 97 () / 127 Slide 98 / What causes the tides? A Moon's gravitational pull. B Sun's gravitational pull. C All of the above. C 37 Tides are A the fall of water levels B the rise of water levels C the rise and fall of the water levels Slide 98 () / 127 Slide 99 / Tides are A the fall of water levels B the rise of water levels C the rise and fall of C - the water rise and levels fall of the water levels 38 Are Earth and the Moon pulled towards each other? Slide 99 () / Are Earth and the Moon pulled towards each other? Slide 100 / This picture shows a view from above a shore. Which part represents a high tide, part A or part B? YES A B

Slide 100 () / 127 Slide 101 / 127 39 This picture shows a view from

A A B Slide 102 / 127 Slide 103 / 127 Spring Tides When the sun and the

the same directions. This causes the highest tides, called spring tides.

angle, the gravitational forces are pulling in opposite directions.

Slide 105 / 127 Spring and Neap Tides Spring tides happen during the

24 Slide 100 () / 127 Slide 101 / This picture shows a view from above a shore. Which part represents a high tide, part A or part B? A A B Slide 102 / 127 Slide 103 / 127 Spring Tides When the sun and the moon are in a straight line, the gravitational forces are pulling in the same directions. This causes the highest tides, called spring tides. Slide 104 / 127 Neap Tides When the sun and the moon are at a 90 degree angle, the gravitational forces are pulling in opposite directions. This causes the lowest tides, called neap tides. Slide 105 / 127 Spring and Neap Tides Spring tides happen during the full moon and the new moon. Neap tides happen during the first quarter moon and the third quarter moon.

25 Slide 106 / Spring tides make tides very Slide 106 () / Spring tides make tides very A high. A high. B low. B low. A Slide 107 / Spring tides happen when the moon and the sun are in a straight line. Slide 107 () / Spring tides happen when the moon and the sun are in a straight line. A A B B A 42 Neap tides make tides very Slide 108 / 127 Slide 108 () / Neap tides make tides very A high. B low. A high. B low. B

26 Slide 109 / Neap tides happen when the moon is in what phase? Slide 109 () / Neap tides happen when the moon is in what phase? A First quarter B Third quarter A First quarter B Third quarter C All of the above C All of the above C Slide 110 / 127 Slide 111 / 127 Review Return to Table of Contents Slide 112 / 127 Slide 113 / 127

27 Slide 114 / 127 Slide 115 / Select all correct statements about the moon. A It is a natural satellite. B It makes its own light. C We can only see the moon's near side. D It is very cold in the shadows of the moon. E The moon's surface is smooth. Slide 115 () / Select all correct statements about the moon. 45 What does the moon orbit? Slide 116 / 127 A It is a natural satellite. B It makes its own light. C We can only see the moon's near side. A Sun B Earth C Satellite D It is very cold in the shadows of the moon. A, C, D E The moon's surface is smooth. 45 What does the moon orbit? Slide 116 () / 127 Slide 117 / What phase of the moon are we unable to see? A Sun B Earth A New Moon B Waning Gibbous C Satellite B C Full Moon

28 Slide 117 () / What phase of the moon are we unable to see? 47 A waning moon is getting larger. Slide 118 / 127 A New Moon B Waning Gibbous C Full Moon A Slide 118 () / A waning moon is getting larger. Slide 119 / When you look into the sky and see the near side of the moon in complete sunlight, what phase is this? A Waxing Gibbous B New Moon C Full Moon Slide 119 () / When you look into the sky and see the near side of the moon in complete sunlight, what phase is this? Slide 120 / When the left half of the moon is visible, what phase is this? A Waxing Gibbous B New Moon C Full Moon C A Waning Gibbous B Third Quarter C First Quarter

29 Slide 120 () / When the left half of the moon is visible, what phase is this? Slide 121 / The last phase of the moon, right before the new moon, is the waning crescent. A Waning Gibbous B Third Quarter C First Quarter B Slide 121 () / The last phase of the moon, right before the new moon, is the waning crescent. Slide 122 / Which picture shows a waxing gibbous moon? A B Slide 122 () / Which picture shows a waxing gibbous moon? Slide 123 / The moon and the Earth are attracted by A A A satellites. B tides. C gravity. B

30 Slide 123 () / The moon and the Earth are attracted by Slide 124 / The tides are caused when the sun and the moon pull on A satellites. A Earth's oceans. B tides. C gravity. C B each other. Slide 124 () / The tides are caused when the sun and the moon pull on Slide 125 / Spring tides are caused when the sun and moon are pulling Earth in different directions. A Earth's oceans. B each other. A Slide 125 () / Spring tides are caused when the sun and moon are pulling Earth in different directions. 55 Spring tides are very high. Slide 126 / 127

31 55 Spring tides are very high. Slide 126 () / 127 Slide 127 / What two moon phases occur during neap tides? A C B D Slide 127 () / What two moon phases occur during neap tides? A C A, D B D

The Night Sky 1st Grade PSI Science Classwork. Draw and write about what you think the night sky looks like. 1st Grade PSI The Moon

The Night Sky 1st Grade PSI Science Classwork. Draw and write about what you think the night sky looks like. 1st Grade PSI The Moon The Night Sky Classwork Draw and write about what you think the night sky looks like. The Moon Classwork For #1-5, fill in the blank with the correct word. Word Bank Natural near craters hot astronaut