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1 Directions: Read each slide then fill in the blanks.
2 Elements S6E2a. Develop and use a model to demonstrate the phases of the moon by showing the relative positions of the sun, Earth, and moon Essential Questions: Why does the moon appear to change shape? Why do moon phases occur? S6E2b. Construct an explanation of the cause of solar and lunar eclipses.
3 The Moon and You Think about these questions Meet your moon. Why can we see these phases? What if you traveled to the moon? How is the moon s motion around the Earth observed?
4 Check what you know: Does the Moon orbit the Earth? The Earth takes a year to orbit around the Sun. What about the Moon? Does it orbit the Earth? Circle the answer you think best describes the motion of the Moon. A. The Moon orbits the Earth about once a day. B. The Moon orbits the Earth about once a week. C. The Moon orbits the Earth about once a month. D. The Moon orbits the Earth about once a year. Uncovering Student Ideas in Astronomy pg 99
5 INTRODUCTION It takes 29.5 days for the moon to revolve around the Earth and we always see that same side of the moon. (We never see the back side)
6 Why do we have MOON PHASES? Different amounts of sunlight light up the moon and, from Earth, makes the moon appear to have different shapes or phases.
7 How big is the Moon? Wall-e Learns about Proportions
8 Summary from the Clip How big is the moon? If Earth were a basketball, the Moon would be a baseball.
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10 Check what you know: Seeing the Moon How often have you looked up into the sky and seen the Moon? Put an X next to all the times when you think you can go outside and see the Moon. in the morning at noon in the middle of the afternoon in the evening before sunset in the evening after sunset at midnight Uncovering Student Ideas in Astronomy pg 91
11 What do we see? The Phases of the Moon Draw it New moon: (0% None reflected light) Draw it! Crescent: (1-49% partly but less than onehalf illuminated by direct sunlight.) Quarter: (50% half) Draw it!
12 The Phases of the Moon Gibbous: (51-99% more than one-half but not fully illuminated by direct sunlight. ) Draw it! Full moon: (100% ALL illuminated by direct sunlight.) Draw it!
13 B. Phases of the Moon (Draw what the phase looks like in the boxes provided) 1. New Moon - earth cannot see any part of the moon (lasts one day) New Moon 2. Waxing Crescent - waxing means moon s face is growing (lasts several days) 3. First quarter - right half of moon s face is visible (lasts for only one day) 4. Waxing gibbous - more than 1/2 of moon s face is visible (lasts several days) 5. Full moon all of the moon s face is visible (last for one day) 6. Waning gibbous - (last for several days) 7. Last quarter or Third quarter - left half of face is visible (lasts for only one day) 8. Waning crescent - waxing means moon s face is shrinking (last for several days)
14 Why all the crazy words for the moon phases? (Moon phase vocabulary) Most of these words are based in Latin or Greek (those dudes way back when that started doing science and observing space!) CRESCENT- Arc shape: a curved shape like a C. GIBBOUS- think bulging outward or swollen for those two b s in the middle of the word. This shape is bigger than half, but less than full.
15 (Moon phase vocabulary) WAXING- Think Wax On from Karate Kid. It means getting bigger. Light is being added and the moon is looking bigger each day. WANING- It means getting smaller. Since we say Way-ning. I think of it as going AWAY. Moon appears to be shrinking each day.
16 Why do we see phases of the moon? VIDEO= SEE END FOR DIRECTIONS! Lunar Phase Simulator Moon Phases BrainPoP Animated picture of Moon phases
17 Check what you know: Crescent Moon When there is a crescent Moon in the night sky, how much of the entire Moon s spherical surface is actually lit by the Sun? Circle the answer that best matches your thinking. A. Quarter or less of the entire Moon B. Half of the entire Moon C. Three quarters of the entire Moon D. The entire Moon Uncovering Student Ideas in Astronomy pg 127
18 Check what you know: Moon Phase and Solar Eclipse During a solar eclipse the Moon appears to completely cover the Sun. What phase is the Moon in just before and after a solar eclipse? Circle the answer that best matches your thinking. A. Full Moon B. New Moon C. First quarter Moon D. Last quarter Moon E. It can be any phase. Now, draw a diagram of where the Earth, Moon and Sun will be during a SOLAR eclipse. Uncovering Student Ideas in Astronomy pg 109
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20 Cause: The moon passes between the sun and the Earth. Effect: The moon blocks out the sun. Does a large area of the Earth see a total solar eclipse? How do you know?
21 Solar Eclipse
22 Solar Eclipses Sun the shadow of the moon on the earth Total solar eclipse in 1999
23 Cause: Earth passes between the sun and the moon Effect: Earth s shadow falls on the moon.
24 What is a lunar eclipse? Now imagine what happens when you have the sun, the Earth, and the moon all lined up in a row. When the moon is all the way in the umbra shadow, it is a total lunar eclipse. Total lunar eclipses last around 20 minutes to an hour and 40 minutes
25 A total eclipse B annular eclipse C partial eclipse
26 Eclipses Have you seen eclipses? What are eclipses in nature? One celestial object casts its shadow on the other one Umbra: Inner core of total darkness the disc of the Sun is completely blocked. Penumbra: Outer, partial shadow Sun's disc is only partly blocked, with a bit peeking over the edge.
27 What s the moon phase when a lunar eclipse occurs? Full Moon What s the moon phase when a solar eclipse occurs? New Moon
28 Penumbra & Umbra illustration
29 Why aren t there solar eclipses and lunar eclipses on EVERY new moon and full moon?
30 Two conditions must be satisfied for an eclipse to occur 1.The nodes of the moon s orbit must be nearly aligned with the Sun and the Earth 2.The phase of the moon must be new or full
31 Check What You Know: Phases of Earth Name the phase of the Earth in this picture.
32 Finished? Watch A video go back to the Blog use buttons to view A video You may 1. Finish any assignments 2. Read over your notes then do Close reading
Explain how Earth's movement and the moon's orbit cause the phases of the moon. Explain the difference between a solar eclipse and a lunar eclipse.
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